Activity diagram-UML diagram

Descriptive slides for the Activity Diagrams in UML

1. Duration : 3 Hrs
1
RamakantSoni
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Computer Science
B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology, Pilani, India
Ramakant Soni @ BKBIET Pilani

2. Activity Diagram
Activitydiagramisbasicallyaflowchartto
representtheflowfromoneactivitytoanother
activity.
Theactivitycanbedescribedasanoperation
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Theactivitycanbedescribedasanoperation
ofthesystem.
Thisflowcanbesequential,branchedor
concurrent.

3. Purpose
Activitydiagramsarenotonlyusedforvisualizing
dynamicnatureofasystembuttheyarealsousedto
constructtheexecutablesystembyusingforwardand
reverseengineeringtechniques.
Itdoesnotshowanymessageflowfromoneactivityto
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Itdoesnotshowanymessageflowfromoneactivityto
another.

4. So the purposes can be described as to:
•Draw the activity flow of a system.
•Describe the sequence from one activity to another.
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•Describe the parallel, branched and concurrent flow
of the system.

5. How to draw Activity Diagram
Beforedrawinganactivitydiagramwemusthavea
clearunderstandingabouttheelementsusedinactivity
diagram.
First we should identify the following elements :
1.Activities
2.Association
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2.Association
3.Conditions
4.Constraints
Oncetheabovementionedparametersareidentifiedweneedto
makeamentallayoutoftheentireflow.Thismentallayoutisthen
transformedintoanactivitydiagram.

6. Example of an order management system
The diagram is drawn with the four main activities :
•Send order by the customer
•Receipt of the order
•Confirm order
•Dispatch order
Afterreceivingtheorderrequestconditionchecksare
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Afterreceivingtheorderrequestconditionchecksare
performedtocheckifitisnormalorspecialorder.
Afterthetypeoforderisidentifieddispatchactivityis
performedandthatismarkedastheterminationofthe
process.

7. Activity Diagram for order management system
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8. Initial node
The filled circle is the starting point of the diagram
Activity Diagram components
Final node
The filled circle with a boarder is the ending point. An
activity diagram can have zero or more activity final
state.
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9. Activity
The rounded rectangle represents activities that occur. An
activity is not necessarily a program, it may be a manual thing
also.
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Flow/ edge
The arrows in the diagram. No label is necessary.

10. Fork
A black bar ( horizontal/vertical ) with one flow going into it
and several leaving it. This denotes the beginning of parallel
activities.
Join
A block bar with several flows entering it and one leaving it.
this denotes the end of parallel activities
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11. Merge
A diamond with several flows entering and one leaving. The
implication is that all incoming flow to reach this point until
processing continues
Sub-activity indicator
The rake in the bottom corner of an activity, indicates that
the activity is described by a more finely detailed activity
diagram.
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12. Difference between Join and Merge
›Ajoinisdifferentfromamergeinthatthejoinsynchronizes
twoinflowsandproducesasingleoutflow.Theoutflowfrom
ajoincannotexecuteuntilallinflowshavebeenreceived.
›Amergepassesanycontrolflowsstraightthroughit.Iftwo
ormoreinflowsarereceivedbyamergesymbol,theactionormoreinflowsarereceivedbyamergesymbol,theaction
pointedtobyitsoutflowisexecutedtwoormoretimes.
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13. Decision
›A diamond with one flow entering and several leaving.
The flow leaving includes conditions as yes/ no state.
Flow final
›The circle with X through it. This indicates that Process
stop at this point.
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14. Accept Event Action
AcceptEventActionisanactionthatwaitsforthe
occurrenceofaneventmeetingspecified
condition.
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15. Send Signal Action
SendSignalActionisanactionthatcreatesa
signalinstancefromitsinputs,andtransmitsitto
thetargetobject,whereitmaycausethefiringof
astatemachinetransitionortheexecutionofan
activity.
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16. Swim lane
A partition in activity diagram by means of dashed line,
called swim lane. This swim lane may be horizontal or
vertical.
Vertical Swimlane Horizontal Swimlane
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17. Activity Diagram notation
text Start at the top black circle
If condition 1 is TRUE, go
right; if condition 2 is TRUE,
go down
At first bar (a synchronization
bar), break apart to follow two
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bar), break apart to follow two
parallel paths
At second bar, come together
to proceed only when both
parallel activities are done

18. Activity Diagram notation
text
Activity–anoval
Trigger–pathexitinganactivity
Guard–eachtriggerhasaguard,a
logicalexpressionthatevaluatesto
“true”or“false”
SynchronizationBar–canbreaka
triggerintomultipletriggers
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triggerintomultipletriggers
operatinginparallelorcanjoin
multipletriggersintoonewhenall
arecomplete
DecisionDiamond–usedto
describenesteddecisions(thefirst
decisionisindicatedbyanactivity
withmultipletriggerscomingout
ofit)

19. text
Use Case: Receiving an OrderUse Case: Receiving a Supply
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20. Ramakant Soni @ BKBIET Pilani 20
Use Case: Receiving an Order and Receiving a Supply

21. SwimlaneActivity Diagram
Swimlanes-
ActivityDiagramsthatshow
activitiesbyclass.
Arrangeactivitydiagrams
intoverticalzonesseparated
bylines.
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bylines.
Eachzonerepresentsthe
responsibilitiesofaparticular
class.
(forexampleaparticular
department).

22. Exercise 1: Online Shopping Process
Scenario:
“Onlinecustomercanbrowseorsearchitems,
viewspecificitem,addittoshoppingcart,view
andupdateshoppingcart,checkout.Usercan
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andupdateshoppingcart,checkout.Usercan
viewshoppingcartatanytime.Checkoutis
assumedtoincludeuserregistrationandlogin.”

23. Activity diagram: Online Shopping Process
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24. Exercise 2: Ticket Vending Machine
Scenario:
“ActivityisstartedbyCommuteractorwhoneedstobuya
ticket.Ticketvendingmachinewillrequesttripinformationfrom
Commuter.Thisinformationwillincludenumberandtypeof
tickets,e.g.whetheritisamonthlypass,onewayorround
ticket,routenumber,destinationorzonenumber,etc.
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ticket,routenumber,destinationorzonenumber,etc.
Basedontheprovidedtripinfoticketvendingmachinewill
calculatepaymentdueandrequestpaymentoptions.Those
optionsincludepaymentbycash,orbycreditordebitcard.If
paymentbycardwasselectedbyCommuter,anotheractor,
Bankwillparticipateintheactivitybyauthorizingthepayment.
“

25. Activity diagram: Ticket Vending Machine
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26. Exercise 3: Resolving issues in Software
Scenario:
“Prepareanactivitydiagramwhichshowshowto
resolveanissueinasoftwaredesign.Afterticketis
createdbysomeauthorityandtheissueisreproduced,
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createdbysomeauthorityandtheissueisreproduced,
issueisidentified,resolutionisdetermined,issueisfixed
andverified,andticketisclosed,ifissuewasresolved.”

27. Activity diagram: Resolving issues in Software
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28. Exercise 4: Single Sign-on for Google Apps
Scenario:
TointeractwithpartnercompaniesGoogleusessinglesign-onbasedonOASISSAML2.0
protocol.GoogleactsasserviceproviderwithservicessuchasGmailorStartPages.Partner
companiesactasidentityprovidersandcontrolusernames,passwords,andotherinformation
usedtoidentify,authenticateandauthorizeusersforwebapplicationsthatGooglehosts.Each
partnerprovidesGooglewiththeURLofitsSSOserviceaswellasthepublickeythatGooglewill
usetoverifySAMLresponses.
WhenauserattemptstousesomehostedGoogleapplication,suchasGmail,Googlegenerates
aSAMLauthenticationrequestandsendsredirectrequestbacktotheuser'sbrowser.Redirect
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aSAMLauthenticationrequestandsendsredirectrequestbacktotheuser'sbrowser.Redirect
pointstothespecificidentityprovider.SAMLauthenticationrequestcontainstheencodedURL
oftheGoogleapplicationthattheuseristryingtoreach.
Thepartneridentityproviderauthenticatestheuserbyeitheraskingforvalidlogincredentials
orbycheckingforitsownvalidauthenticationcookies.ThepartnergeneratesaSAMLresponse
anddigitallysignsit.TheresponseisforwardedtoGoogle'sAssertionConsumerService(ACS).
Google'sACSverifiestheSAMLresponseusingthepartner'spublickey.Iftheresponseisvalid
anduseridentitywasconfirmedbyidentityprovider,ACSredirectstheusertothedestination
URL.Otherwiseuserwillseeerrormessage.

29. Activity diagram: Single Sign-on for Google Apps
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30. References:
[1] http://www.uml-diagrams.org/
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activity_diagram
[3] http://www.visual-paradigm.com/VPGallery/diagrams/Activity.html
[4] http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/3101. html
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ThanksThanks
4/26/2015 30
[5] http://www.uml-diagrams.org/activity-diagrams-examples.html