Agents of Pollination, hydrophily, anemophily, cheropetrophily, malacophily

What is pollination, agents of pollination hydrophily, anemophily , cheropetrophily

1. Agents of Pollination Dr. Sonali Randive-Aherkar

2. Agents of Pollination

3. There are two main groups of agents: Abiotic Biotic

4. Abiotic : Wind: Water:

5. Biotic: Insects Birds Bats Snails Ants

6. Wind pollination Pollination with the help of wind is called anemophily Conditions: Flowers must be small Pollen grains should produced in large quantity Flowers does not have to weast energy to become flower attractive, fragrent Flowers does not produce nector

7. Examples of anemophilous plants Poaceae family members Maize Wheat Pinus Papaya Mulberry

8. Water pollination Pollination with the help of water is called as hydrophily. Hydrophily Hypohydrophily Epihydrophily

9. Example of hypohydrophily Najas Lilium Ceratophyllum Examples of Epihydrophily Vallisnaria

10. Conditions: Pollengrains produced in numerous quantity Pollengrain should have waxy coating Flowers does not produce nectar Plants does not have to waste energy in making flower attractive of fragrant.

11. Insect pollination: Pollination with the help of insects like moth, wasp, butterfly, beetls etc. is called as entomophily Conditions: Flowers must be bright in colour Flowers should produce nectar Flower should produce strong fragrance Pollens should have spines or sticky exine Stigma must be long , sticky

12. Examples of entomophilous flowers Salvia Yucca Ficus Orchid Tuberose Polygonaceae

13. Bird pollination: Pollination with the help of bird like crow, sparrow, humming bird, parrot, bulbul etc. is called as ornithophily Conditions: Flowers should be attractive bright in colour Flowers should produce nectar Anthers are present toward anterior side of flower or inside the flower

14. Examples of ornithophily Bombax Bixaceae Erythrina Butea Thevetia Callistemon Gloriosa Delonix

15. Bat pollination: Pollination with the help of bat is called as chiropetrophily Conditions: Flowers must be large Need not to become bright & attractive Should produce nector Flowers should be fragrent

16. Examples of chiropetrophily Adensonia Kigelia Bahunia

17. Some other types: Malacophily : Pollination with the help of snails or slug is called malacophily Myrmecophily : Pollination with the help of ants is called myrmecophily Acacia, Anemone , Jasmine, Limmonia , cucurbitaceae , Clematis

18. Thank You..