AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY preparation .pptx

AGRICULTURAL

1. Agriculture chemistry By:SUSHMITHA BALAMURUGAN III – B.SC.,CHEMISTRY

2. Table of contents 01 Introduction 02 PH level of soil 03 Photosynthesis process 04 Fertilizers 05 Pesticides and Insecticides

3. INTRODUCTION ON AGRICULTURE 01

4. “Agricultural Chemistry is the study of chemistry and biochemistry in relation to the agricultural field”. In agricultural chemistry, factors such as agricultural production, the utilization of agricultural products, and environmental matters are studied and ways to improve them are developed . The eatables that we are having today is due to agriculture. In recent years,the agriculture process has been made easy due to increase in technology In this session we will talk more about the process of agriculture and how the plants are being grown , the materials used to keep the agricultural land safe and harmless INTRODUCTION

5. 02 PH LEVEL OF SOIL

6. Soil pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of the soil, ranging from 0 to 14. Here's a breakdown of the pH levels : Acidic Soil :- ph from 0 – 6.5 suitable for most vegetables and flowers to grow Neutral Soil :- pH 6.6-7.0: Neutral (ideal for most plants) Alkaline Soil :- pH 7.1-7.5: Slightly alkaline (some plants like asparagus, beets grow well)- pH 7.6-8.0: Alkaline (most plants won't grow)- pH 8.1-14: Very alkaline (extremely hostile to most plants) PH level of soil

7. 03. PHOTOSYNTHESIS

8. Photosynthesis , the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds . BENEFITS Photosynthesis creates all of the energy that fuels living organisms. Animals that eat plants acquire their energy from the stored sugar in plants, and animals that eat those animals obtain that same energy. Thus, all levels of a food web are still fueled by the energy developed by photosynthetic organisms. PHOTOSYNTHESIS

9. FERTILIZERS 04

10. F ertilizer , natural or artificial substance containing the chemical elements that improve growth and productiveness of plants. Fertilizers enhance the natural fertility of the soil or replace chemical elements taken from the soil by previous crops . Nitrogen helps produce green leaves and stems, phosphorus helps produce root development, and potassium helps the plant withstand stress from heat or cold. A good all-purpose fertilizer would be a 10-10-10 NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ). FERTILIZERS

11. Organic fertilizer supply nutrients for both plant and soil. Inorganic fertilizers are man made formulae that can be formulated for various speeds of release. Most common are Urea, Single Super Phosphate, and Murate of Potash ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF FERTILIZERS Organic fertilizers help to improve the structure of the soil and it has less nutrient content and supports the microorganisms whereas, the inorganic fertilizers has hight nutrient content but doesn’t help the plants to grow well . It affects the growth of the plants and health of the plants

12. 05 PESTICIDES

13. Pesticides kill, repel, or control forms of animal and plant life considered to damage or be a nuisance in agriculture and domestic life. Used broadly, the term includes these types of chemicals: Herbicides destroy or control weeds and other unwanted vegetation. They are commonly used on lawns. Examples of acute health effects include stinging eyes, rashes, blisters, blindness, nausea, dizziness, diarrhea and death. Examples of known chronic effects are cancers, birth defects, reproductive harm, immunotoxicity , neurological and developmental toxicity, and disruption of the endocrine system. PESTICIDES

14. INSECTICIDES 06

15. Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects . They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. Acaricides , which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. Insecticides are commonly used in agricultural, public health and industrial applications, as well as household and commercial uses (e.g., control of roaches and termites). The most commonly used insecticides are the organophosphates, pyrethroids and carbamates INSECTICIDES

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