Agricultural development through Five year plans.ppt/Dr. K. Vanangamudi

Agricultural development through Five year plans.ppt
Dr. K. Vanangamudi
Agricultural development through Five year plans slideshare
NITI Aayog

1. AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT
THROUGH
FIVE YEAR PLANS
Dr.K. Vanangamudi
Formerly Dean (Agriculture)
Dean, AdhiparasakthiAgricultural College, Kalavai
Professor & Head,
Seed Science & Technology
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
Coimbatore
Contact: 9894904745
Mail: [email protected]
Website:https://trinityculturalacademy.com/
YouTube: https://youtube.com/channel/UCWGv08j5jaZ-nkvz46HrBVw

2. AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT
THROUGH FIVE YEAR PLANS
•Greenrevolution:1967-1968to1977-1978
•FatherofgreenrevolutioninIndia–M.S.Swaminathan
•Startedgreenrevolutionworksince1960withNorman
Borlaug(Nobleprizewinnerin1970).
Mainevents
•Boostforagriculturesector
•Creationofirrigationfacility
•Introductionofimprovedvarietiesandtechnologies
•Provisionforsubsidiesandcredits
•Agriculturalproductsarethefourthlargestexported
commodities.

3. First plan (1951-1956)
(Harrod -Domar model)
•Twomajorproblems:1.Foodcrisis,2.Shortageof
industrialrawmaterialslikerawjuteandraw
cotton
•Highestprioritygiventoagricultureincluding
irrigationpower.
•Agriculturesectorgot31%ofthetotalplanoutlay
•Foodproductionwassuccessful66milliontons
againstthetargetof62milliontonsdueto
favourableweatherconditionsandimplementation
ofCommunityDevelopmentPrograminvolving
everyvillage.
•Anewlandpolicyalsoadopted

4. Second plan (1956-1961)
(Nehru –Mahila Nobis model)
•Majorprioritygiventoindustryinsteadof
agriculture,togetforeignaidparticularlyfood
aid.
•Consideredthatheavyindustriallaunchingbased
ontheSovietmodelofindustrializationhelpsin
economicdevelopment.
•Agriculturegot20%totalplanoutlay
•Foodproductionnotachievedduetoadoptionof
wrongstrategy,misscalculationandpoor
implementationofprograms

5. Third plan (1961-1966)
•GreaterallocationforagricultureofRs.1,745
crorescomparedto950croresinsecondplan.
•Agriculturegot20%oftotalplanoutlay
•Foodproductionwastargetedforconsumption,
industryandexport.
•Firstfouryearsrecorded89milliontons
•Atfifthyearfoodproductionnotsatisfactorydue
todisastrousdrought,Chinawar1962and
Pakistanwar1965
•In1966-1967,introducedHYVP(Highyielding
varieties)andmultiplecroppingprograms.
•Duetopoorperformanceinfifthyearofthird
plan,thefourthplandelayedbythreeyears.

6. Fourth plan (1969-1974)
•Highpriority–Agriculturetechnologyasmajor
input
•Agriculturegot21%totalplanoutlay
•Targetedtoattainselfsufficiencyinfood
production,buildingupofsizeablebufferstockand
stoppageofconcessionalimportoffoodgrains.
•Foodproductionreached108milliontonsin1970-
71.
•Butinlasttwoyears,therewascropfailuredueto
poormonsoonsandcreatedproblemsforprice
inflation.

7. Fifth plan (1974-79)
•Moreemphasistoagriculture;growthtargetin
agricultureandalliedsectorsfixedat3.94%.
•Totalplanoutlaywas21%foragriculture
•Butinfirstyear,agriculturewasnot
satisfactoryduetofallinfoodproduction.
•Achievedfoodproductionof232.5milliontons
insubsequentyears.
•Planperiodwascutshortbyoneyearbythe
changeofgovernmenti.e.,JANATA
government

8. Sixth plan (1980-1985)
•Targetofagriculturegrowthisfixedfor
domesticconsumptionandexport.
•Growthratewasfixedat3.8%
•Duetoseveredroughtduring1982-1983,food
productionwas138.1milliontons

9. Seventh plan (1985-1990)
•Agriculturegrowthratefixedas4%andtargetfor
foodproductionwas3.7%
•Agriculturegot22%oftotalplanoutlay.
•Sanctioned42,100croresforagriculture,irrigation
andruraldevelopment.
•Majorprogramsimplementedwere
Specialriceproductionprogramineasternregion
NationalOilSeedsDevelopmentproject.
NationalWatershedforRainfedAgriculture
SocialForestry
•Achieved3.2%growthratewithfoodproductionof
176.92MT
•Areaunderirrigationproposedtobeincreasedatthe
rate2.5millionhectaresperannum.

10. Eighth year plan (1992-1997)
•Prioritytogrowthanddiversificationof
agriculturetoachieveselfsufficiencyandfor
export.
•Sanctioned22%ofthetotalplanoutlay
•Targetedagriculturegrowthratewas4%and
moreeffortsgavetorice,pulsesandoilseed
production.
•Totalfoodproductionwas199.3milliontons
againstthetargetof210milliontons.

11. MCQ’s
ThetermGREENREVOLUTION iscoinedby
a.Dr.WilliamGaud b.RobertRabsome
c.Muller d.J.B.Bossinggault
Whichmodelisfollowedduringsecondfiveyearplan?
a.Hurald-Domanmodelb.Nehru-MahilaNobismodel
c.Hurald–Mahilamodeld.Noneofthese
Underwhichfiveyearplan,agricultureregisterednegative
growth?
a.Third b.Fifth
c.Seventh d.Ninth
Infirstfiveyearplan,howmuchpercentoftotalplan
outplaydevotedtoagriculture
a.21% b.16%
c.31% d.45%

12. Ninth plan (1997-2002)
•Thrusttoachieveagriculture-ledgrowth.
•Mainfocuswasgiventoagricultureinsteadof
industry
•Targetedgrowthratewas4.5%
•Totalfoodproductionwas212milliontons
•Planningcommissionrecommended4strategies
MinimumSupportPrice(MSP)
Inputsubsidypolicy
Foodsecurity
Alleviationofhunger

13. The tenth plan (2002-2007)
•Agriculturedidnotreceivehighpriority
•Planallocationforagricultureandirrigationwas
3,05,055crores,anincreaseof51.4%overninth
plan
•Growthratefixedas4%
•But,achievedonly2.4%growthrateduetopoor
monsoonduring2002,2004and2006.
•Thisresultedinpooragriculturegrowth,
reductioninshareofagriculturetoGDPfrom23.8
%(2002,2003)to22.5%(2007).
•Totalfoodproductionwas179.4milliontons
(2002-2003)and212.4MT(2003-2004)andthen
to208.3MT(2006-2007).

14. Eleventh plan (2007-2012)
•Annualgrowthratefixedas4%perannumto
achieve10%GDP.
•Emphasizewasgiventoachieveinclusivegrowth
withaimof:
Improvingaccessibilityoftechnologytofarmersto
increaseproduction
Ensureoptimumuseofnaturalresources
Attractivepublicinvestment
Promotingdiversifiedagriculture
Addressingissuespertainingtofoodsecurity
Decentralizethedecisionmaking

15. Programs implemented in eleventh plan
•NFSM(2007-08)–NationalFoodSecurityMissionfor
overallproductionofrice,wheatandpulses.
•RKVY(August,2007)–RashtriyaKrishiVikas
Yojanatoencouragepublicinvestmentinagriculture
andalliedsectors.
•MMA(2000-01)–MacroManagementofAgriculture
–toimproveagricultureproductivity.
•ISOPOM(2004-05)–IntegratedSchemeofOilseeds,
Pulses,OilPalmsandMaize.–Totargetsmalland
marginalfarmersforoilseedcultivationinrainfed
conditions.
•NMSA–NationalMissionforSustainableAgriculture
–toensurefoodsecurityandalsoprotectnatural
resourceslikeland,waterandgeneticresources.

16. Problems faced by agricultural sector
in eleventh plan
•Stagnationinproductionofmajorcropsespeciallyin
wheat.
•Soilexhaustionduetoofnegativeeffectofgreen
revolution,alsonoticedlikedepletionofnutrientsdue
tomonocropping.
•Decreaseingroundwatertablebecauseofintensive
usageindryandrainfedfarming
•CostoffarminputsandLackoforganizedmarketin
ruralareas;middlemenanddealerdominated
market.
•LackofstoragefacilitiesinruralareasandGlobal
warmingeffect,increaseof2-3˚Ctemperature
threatenedtheagriculture

17. Twelfth year plan (2012-2017)
•Agriculturalgrowthratefixedwas4.0%
•FormationofNITI-AAYOGi.e.,renamingoffifth
fiveyearplan(1950)inJanuary1,2015.
•NITI–NationalInstitutionforTransforming
India

18. MCQ’s
Doublingfarmersincomeinfiveyearsistheaimof
a.NITIAayog
b.MinistryofAgricultureandFarmerswelfare
c.Directorateofeconomicsandstatistics
d.Agriculturalpricecommission
WhogivesfinalapprovaltothefiveyearplansofIndia?
a.NationalDevelopmentCouncil(NDC)
b.MinistryofFinance
c.PlanningCommission d.PresidentofIndia
FiveyearplaninIndiaisborrowedfrom
a.SovietUnion b.USA
c.China d.Noneofthese
NITIAAYOGisplanninganewframeworkfor
a.Five-yearplansb.FinanceCommission
c.Budget d.Alloftheabove