Agro tourism

Agro tourism or agricultural tourism, is one alternative for improving the incomes and potential economic viability of small farms and rural communities. India is an agriculture country and most of its people live in villages. Present concept of travel and tourism is limited to urban and rich class which constitutes only a small portion of the population. However, the concept of Agri Tourism takes travel and tourism to the larger population, widening the scope of tourism due to its cost effectiveness. India’s tourism industry is experiencing a strong period of growth in high spending foreign tourists, and coordinating government campaigns to promote ‘Incredible India’.Tourism is termed as an instrument for employment generation ,poverty alleviation and sustainable human development. Agro-tourism is the concept of visiting a working farm or any agricultural, horticultural, or agribusiness operations for the purpose of enjoyment, education, or active involvement in the activities of the farm or operation. In general Agro Tourism is the practice of attracting visitors to an area used primarily for agricultural purposes.It includes Rural/Agricultural Environments + Farm Commodities + Tourism Services = Agro tourism.

1. WELCOME

2. CHAIR PERSON Dr.J.Meenambigai , Assistant professor, Department of Agricultural extension MEMBERS 1. Dr.V.Balamurugan , Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension 2. Dr.S.Babu , Assistant Professor Department of Agronomy

3. AGRO TOURISM : OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES PRESENTED BY, S.KANISHKA Roll no: 1750060005

4. INTRODUCTION

5. India’s tourism industry is experiencing a strong period of growth in high spending foreign tourists, and coordinating government campaigns to promote ‘Incredible India’. Tourism is termed as an instrument for employment generation ,poverty alleviation and sustainable human development .

6. Agro-tourism is the concept of visiting a working farm or any agricultural, horticultural, or agribusiness operations for the purpose of enjoyment, education, or active involvement in the activities of the farm or operation. In general Agro Tourism is the practice of attracting visitors to an area used primarily for agricultural purposes.

7. Rural/Agricultural Environments + Farm Commodities + Tourism Services = Agro tourism

8. Atithi Devo Bhavah when translated in English means ‘The Guest is equivalent to God’, is a Sanskrit verse taken from Taittriya Upanishad an ancient Hindu Scripture It has become part of the “code of conduct” for our Indian society while taking care of our guests.

9. CONCEPT AND DEFINITION Agro-tourism or agricultural tourism is one alternative for improving the incomes and potential economic viability of small farms and rural communities. Agro- tourism includes opening up farms to visitors from urban areas, and getting them to take experience of rural life.

10. Apart from telling them about the various crops and how they are sown and harvested, agro-tourism exposes tourists to traditional food , handicraft , culture, music and languages. Tourists can get an experience of rural activities such as bullock cart rides, milking cows and goats and picking farm fresh fruits and vegetables etc

11. DEFINITIONS Dart (1974) defined as agro tourism “any tourist or recreation enterprise on a working farm. Hoyland (1982) defined as agro tourism ”the provision of temporary accommodation and /or indirect recreational facilities on a working farm.

12. Wales Tourism Board (1986) defined as agro-tourism “working farms ,irrespective of type or size, where the primary activity is agriculture and where tourism is a supplementary income. Pearce (1990) a form of rural tourism where by paying guests can share in farming life either as staying guests or day visitors on working farms.

13. Roberts (1992) Farm tourism represents continuing ownership and active participation by the farmer in typically, small-scale tourism ventures. Hilchey (1993) Agro-tourism, sometimes known as agro tourism or farm tourism, is defined as any business conducted by a farmer for the enjoyment or education of the public, to promote the products of the farm and to generate additional farm income.

14. Ilberry et al.(1998) Farm tourism is conceptualized as an Alternative Farm Enterprise(AFE) comprising one of seven possible pathways of farm business development. Small Farmer Centre(2006) agricultural tourism refers to the act of visiting a working farm or any agricultural, horticultural or agro business operation for the purpose of enjoyment, education or active involvement in the activities of the farm operation.

15. EXACT DEFINITION FOR AGRI-TOURISM Agro- tourism is “a commercial enterprise at a working farm, ranch, or agricultural plant conducted for the enjoyment of visitors that generates supplemental income for the owner.”

16. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGRO TOURISM AND RURAL TOURISM They are often seen as synonyms They are strongly interrelated They have settings that differ from each other 1.RURAL TOURISM-All farms of tourism practised in the rural areas 2.AGRO TOURISM-Occurs on a working farm and not just in a rural area

17. Sznajder et al (2009) argued that three features differentiate agro tourism from more general types of rural tourism a. Participation in the process of food production b. A chance to learn about the lives of rural people c. Having direct contact with domesticated animals and experiencing the country side.

18. PRESENT STATUS IN INDIA Agro tourism- Fastest growing sector in tourism industry Successfully implemented states a. Maharashtra b. Kerala c. Rajasthan d. Jharkhand e. Gujarat f. Himachal Pradesh

19. Maharashtra-Maharashtra State Agri and Rural Tourism(MART) Kerala –Boosting up the rural and health tourism Rajasthan- Attract the foreign visitors Himachal Pradesh- Motivating and promoting the rural people

20. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF AGRO TOURISM 1.Have something for visitors to see 2.Have something for visitors to do 3. Have something for visitors to buy 4. Have something for visitors to eat

21. FEATURES OF AGRI TOURISM Conservation of plant bio diversity. Conservation of forest areas Generation of additional revenue Bringing economic diversity Relationship building Improve understanding of local farmers and their families

22. Upliftment of traditional business Improving socio-economic status of farmers Make a positive contribution Promote local development Increase environmental awareness Provide visitors with personal experience of nature and culture

23. FEATURES OF RURAL TOURISM Accommodation Shopping centre-local products Traditional transportation Production centres like fruit gardens. Rural tourist itinerary must be and activity oriented like participation in plantation, cattle caring , nature education , tree climbing , rural games, handicrafts and cooking Family and village games like Gilli Danda , Kabaddi , Kushti . Evening entertainment like campfire , rural folk dance.

24. Rural tourism focus Something to see Something to do Something to buy Rural tourist should be educated to act “ Responsibility”and should respect human and natural heritage of host community

25.   TYPES OF RURAL TOURISM Agricultural tourism Cultural tourism Nature tourism Adventure tourism Food routes Community Eco-Tourism Ethno-tourism

26. Agricultural tourism: To explore more about the agricultural industry and how farmers work with crops. Cultural tourism: To allow tourists to be immersed in local culture related activities, like rituals and festivals.

27. Nature tourism: Responsible travel to natural areas, which conserves the environment and improves the welfare of local people. Adventure tourism: Any constructive activity which tests the endurance of both a person and his equipment to its extreme limit is termed as Adventure.

28. Food routes: Where wanderlust meets the variety that persists in our cuisine. This tourism is all about food and knowing more about different staples of different places. Community Eco-Tourism: Where tourism is for a purpose. It is a rather responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the environment and improves the well-being of local people.

29. Ethno-tourism: To expand the horizons to view different cultures. It is essentially to know more about various ethnic and cultural lifestyles and beliefs

30. Types of tourism based on products and services Agro-tourism products and services can be divided into different types (2004) 1.Farm accommodation 2.Farm catering 3.Participatory agro-tourism 4.Farm Retailing 5.Therapy at the farm 6.Holidaying in a farm 7.Farm entertainment

31. 1.FARM ACCOMMODATION SERVICES It is the one type of rural accommodation within the various kinds of accommodation in rural areas. 1.Homestead accommodation 2.Country-stays 3.Rural home-stays 4.Rural bed 5.Breakfast above all the services seem to be most common and most tied with countryside and rurality .

32. RURAL HOMESTAY

33. 2.Farm catering Integral part of Agro Tourism There is a great variety of farm catering services are 1.Self catering 2.catered by the restaurant 3.self preparation of food 4.U pick and cook Food products usually come from the farm as own production by serving own farm products, farms can increase their income.

34. FARM CATERING

35. 3.Participatory agro tourism Specific feature of agricultural tourism The products and services assigned to it are available on farms exclusively Products and services of agro- tourism comprise as follows and visitors are guided to experience these products and services Observation of agricultural production process by the farmers including Plant production Animal production Processing in the farm This is called as “something to see”

36. 2.participation in the process of plant production(nursery works, planting, harvesting) Animal production(feeding, milking, fishing) Processing (hay making , domestic cheese, yogurt making) by the visitors. This is called as “something to do” 3.Direct contact with domestic animals or the nature of farms in different kinds of Petting –zoo Safaris Horseback or pony back riding etc

37. SOMETHING TO SEE

38. SOMETHING TO DO

39. DIRECT CONTACT WITH DOMESTIC ANIMALS

40. 4.Farm retailing This is called as “something to buy” at the farm. More willing to buy products Direct sales is an important agro-tourism service Tourists buy fresh vegetables, fruits, honey, various processed home made products such as cheese, curd yogurt, pickles, chutney, and handicrafts of the farm. “U Pick Ups” common in agro- tourism connected with picking up of various farm products

41. 5.Therapy at the farm AT can be connected with health services/health related products. Wild crop varieties are used in this specific diet therapy Having fresh vegetables, fruits makes a person mentally satisfy and it is a mental therapy for a person Other types of therapy such as 1.fish therapy 2.ayurvedic therapy 3.yoga or meditation

42. 6.Holidaying in the farm Another type of agro tourism People like to go for their vacations out of the residence area aiming to have special experience As well as staying in the farm and experiencing farming environment, these visitors use farm stays to visit other places in the area such as historical places, natural resources, wildlife, beaches, hiking etc These holidays can be offered as expensive as well as cheaper offers

43. HOLIDAYING IN THE FARM

44. 7.Farm entertainment It includes farm festivals, folk songs and folk dance etc. It provides the visitors a quick view of rural culture Every rural area has a specific culture This idea behind the farm entertainment is to explore and preserve this culture Local urbanities and foreigners to get participate and experience the culture. Generate the additional income( AT entrepreneurs and rural artist)

45. FARM ENTERTAINMENT

46. ROLE OF AGRO TOURISIM Plays a huge role in the activation of rural areas by generating significant contribution to the process of rural development. This type of tourism reflects the fact that it offers benefits to both the farmer and tourist. Provide considerable benefits for the communities as it has the potential to uplift their status.

47. SCOPE FOR AGRI TOURISM 1.An expensive gate way 2.Curiosity about the farming industry and lifestyle 3.Strong demand for wholesome family oriented recreational activities 4.Health consciousness of urban population and finding solace with nature friendly means 5.Desire for peace and tranquillity

48. 6.Interest in natural environment 7.Nostalgia for their roots on the farm 8.Rural recreation 9.Affection with rural lifestyle 10.Least expense approach 11.Bonding with the farming culture.

49. Components of agrO - tourisim For better enjoyment, group of members can spend some time on the farm while lodging and camping programs for special purpose as follows- Youth camp Farm vacation( farm stays, feeding animals, picking fruit/vegetables) Day trips/ picnics Weddings, receptions, honeymoons

50. Special events and festivals Music festivals Holiday celebrations Camp fire Harvest festivals Rural festivals

51. DAILY ACTIVITIES IN THE AGRICULTURE FARM Animal feeding Guided crop/vegetables/ fruits farms visits and tours Watching domestic animals and how to care the cattle U – pick operations Harvest festivals Milking the cow Agricultural education programs: how to grow cereals, fruits, vegetables etc.

52. OFF THE FARM VISITS Farmers market at tahsil place Tahsil Milk Collection centres Roadside produce stands Religious temple visits etc.

53. FREE FACILITIES Rural games Bicycle rides Bullock cart ride Tractor ride Farm tours Bird watching and jungle terk Local site seeing Evening entertainment (rural folk dance, music, campfire and lot of fun filled games)

54. AGRI TOURISM RESOURCES 1.Natural resources: Wildlife Vegetation Flora and fauna Climate landscape

55. 2.Built cultural resources Industrial heritage Ancient monument Religious building 3.Tourism event resources Sport Historical cultural

56. RURAL TOURISM RESOURCES Prehistoric sites, historic sites related with Epics, way of living, way of behaving, story(Grand parents) Palaces, Havallies Temples, Samadhi, Mosque, Tombs, Dargah , Gurudwara , Churches, Wells, Ponds, Gramdevata , Religious Practices Craft centre/workshops, water and windmills, potters, wood carvers, glass makers.

57. Transport Attraction: Transport museums, Canals, Old vehicles. Theatres, street based performing arts, Historical fairs ( Mela ), Gatherings, Seasonal Fasting, Processions, village level competitions. Mass production Goods like- Pottery, Brassware, Bangles, Carpets, Tea Gardens

58. NATIONAL TOURISM POLICY National tourism policy was formulated in 1982.In a closed economy with stringent licensing procedures. In this policy foreign investment in tourism sector was not encouraged. To lay emphasis on tourism and address the loopholes in the previous policy, Government Of India formulated National Tourism Development Policy in 2002.

59. MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THIS POLICY To position tourism as a major engine of economic growth To Direct and multiplier effects for employment and poverty eradication in an environmentally sustainable manner To focus on domestic tourism as a major driver of tourism growth To create and develop integrated tourism circuits based on cultural and socio economic aspects along with States, private sector and other agencies

60. To recognize the importance of private sector and private investment in tourism industry, with Government acting as a catalyst to boost up tourism earnings. To position India as one of the global brand to reap off benefits from the global tourism trade and to promote the untapped potential of India as a destination.

61. NEW DRAFT TOURISM POLICY Considering the recent developments and advancements in the tourism sector across the World, a new draft policy has been formulated by Government Of India, which is yet to be approved. Some of the salient features of new draft tourism policy are: Focus of the policy on employment generation and community participation in tourism development

62. Stress on development of tourism in sustainable and responsible manner The policy enshrines the vision of developing and positioning India as a “MUST EXPERIENCE” and “MUST RE-VISIT” destination for global travellers, while encouraging Indians to explore their own country Development and promotion of varied tourism products including the rich Culture and Heritage of the country, as well as niche products such as Medical & Wellness, Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions (MICE), Adventure, Wildlife, etc.

63. Development of core infrastructure (airways, railways, roadways, waterways, etc.) and Tourism infrastructure. Developing quality human resources in the tourism and hospitality sectors across the spectrum of vocational to professional skill development and opportunity creation. Creating an enabling environment for investment in tourism and tourism-related infrastructure.

64. Emphasis on technology enabled development in tourism Focus on domestic tourism as a major driver of tourism growth Focus on promotions in established source markets and potential markets, which are contributing significantly to global tourist traffic, with targeted and country specific campaigns.

65. DIFFERENT SCHEMES OF THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Swadesh Darshan - Scheme Guidelines for Integrated Development of Theme Based Circuits: India’s rich cultural, historical, religious and natural heritage provide a huge potential for development of tourism and job creation In due to this potential, the Union Government, in the budget speech of 2014-2015 decided to create tourism circuits around specific themes.

66. 2.PRASAD- Pilgrimage Rejuvenation for spiritual Augmentation Drive Pilgrimage tourism is a form of tourism motivated partly or wholly by religious sentiments. Religion and spirituality are common motivations for travel, with major tourist destinations having developed largely as a result of their connections to sacred places, persons and events.

67. 3 –Skill Development Programme - Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gramin Kaushal Yojana - Pradan Mantri Vidhya Lakshmi Karya Kram Benefited sectors: Employment Human Resource Development Entrepreneurship Change of Mind Set Education Tourism and Creative Tourism All forms of tourism will be benefitted

68. 4.Atal Innovation Mission(AIM) Innovation in amenities Super-infrastructure Speed Effective Telecommunication Management of Destination, services etc All forms of tourism can get benefit

69. 5. - National Investment and Infrastructure Fund(NIIF) -Tax Free infrastructure bonds - Pradan Mandri Suraksha Bima Yojana , Atal Pension Yojana - Pradan Mandri Jeevan Bima Yojana -Senior Citizen Welfare Fund Benefitted sector: Tourism infrastructure i.e. Rail, Road. Multiplier effect on development Security, safety

70. Domestic Tourism will be benefitted, Religious Tourism Wellness Tourism Yoga Tourism Ayurvedic Tourism Social Tourism Indirect push to travel and tourism industry at micro level

71. 6.Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Image building Marketing Desire of travel Safety Awareness Hygiene Change of mindset Boost to International Tourism All forms of tourism will be benefitted

72. 7.Clean Ganga Mission Cleanliness, Hygiene, Safety Water Transportation Cruise Tourism, Cultural Tourism Heritage Tourism, Religious Tourism Wellness Tourism, Wildlife Tourism Environmental Tourism, Recreational Tourism Yoga And Ayurvedic Tourism Eco Tourism, Health Tourism

73. 8.NATIONAL HERITAGE CITY DEVELOPMENT AND AUGMENTATION YOJANA(HRIDAY) Heritage and Cultural Circuit Development Conservation ,Preservation and Maintenance of Resources Promotion And Marketing Religious Tourism, Ethnic Tourism Educational Tourism, Social Tourism Other forms of Tourism will be indirectly benefitted

74. 9.MAKE IN INDIA PROGRAMME Manufacturing hub Employment , transportation Meetings, Incentives Conferences, expositions Seminars, workshops Resorts development, shopping Other form of tourism will also get benefitted

75. 10.Digital India Information, awareness Desire, image building Management of destination and resources Infrastructure, security Information technology, Innovation, telecommunication Resource identification and documentation.

76. 11.Smart city Image building Infrastructure development Accommodation Business tourism, medical tourism All forms of tourism can be benefited

77. RURAL TOURISM: INFRASTRUCTURE AND CAPACITY BUILDING RURAL TOURISM IN INDIA India’s National Tourism policy 2002 identified Rural Tourism as one it its focus areas. The Endogenous Tourism Project- Rural Tourism Scheme(ETP-RTS) is a collaborative effort between the Ministry Of Tourism, Government Of India(MOT) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) initiated in 2003

78. UNDP contributes Rs. 20 lakhs per site towards ‘software’ i.e. Awareness creation between locals and outside agencies The MOT contributes Rs 50 lakhs per site as Central Financial Assistance(CFA) towards ‘hardware’ i.e. Development of infrastructure, which includes improvement of roads, hygiene, surroundings of the village etc.

79. The MOT has sanctioned Rural Tourism Projects at 185 sites to various states/union Territory Administrations up to 31 march, 2012. As per the present data available from the website of MOT, 52 rural sites have been commissioned across India. Each of these sites has a speciality.

80. CAPACITY BUILDING OF THE COMMUNITY Government alone is not ideally equipped for this task; therefore NGOs were roped for the execution NGO which understands the dynamics of that village becomes very important Capacity Building Programme for the community is implemented with the help of NGOs operating in rural areas at the grass root level.

81. The MOT cannot do things on its own, the focal point of implementation is the Collector assisted by Village Tourism Committe ( paryatan samiti ) Two step approach for these projects includes community mobilization & building capacities in the communities The challenge is to create tourism products because they cannot be imposed from outside, they have to be generated from within the village.

82. INFRASTRUCTURE FOR RURAL TOURISM PROJECTS The objective and the challenge of the project was to create an environment that will help the tourist experience rural settings and not to rush to create urban comforts in a rural setting. Eg for Infrastructure For Rural Tourism Projects 1.Hodka village resort in Rann of Kutch, Gujarat- where created successfully.

83. 2. In the Bhuj earthquake, it was all the square structures that had broken and not the circular hut structures( Bhunga ) for which hodka is famous.

84. Supply Chain for Tourists and Major Organizations In India Tourism is linked to a larger private sector network It includes sanitation, hygiene, safety of tourists at the rural tourism sites. Such initiatives includes 1.Grassroutes 2.Rural Tourism Network Enterprise 3.DHAN Foundation 4.Travel Another India etc.

85. Accessibility and Improvement Rural tourism projects have been carried out at several places across the country 31 percent projects are evaluated , it should be failure approximately because of the key factors are low tourist flow to project areas and difficult access. How to be improved? First step should be identify the core strength of the village around which the theme of Rural Tourism can be developed

86. Rural tourism is an area where a strong public-private partnership is of prime importance Participation of village Panchayat and Rural Innovation Fund under NABARD may also be leveraged Positioning and promotion should be people centric and not a only market centric. Rural tourism projects should be made aware of the pros and cons involved-well before the project is initiated.

87. EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL IN RURAL TOURISM The focus all these years revolved around existing tourism products, be it pilgrimage centres, monuments, beaches and other heritage sites leading to issues related to sustainability of tourism. Therefore, it is high time that the resources which are eitherto unexplored and unexploited are examined and brought into the tourism map of India.

88. NEED FOR AN ENTREPRENEURIAL APPROACH Entrepreneurship as a concept and practice encompasses all human endeavours. It is region, sector and gender neutral. Entrepreneurship which drives people towards action leading to the overall development. Nothing happens in the economic system unless someone takes the initiative and uses the resources judiciously.

89. To quote Peter Drucker , “Every mineral is another rock and every plant is another weed until someone finds a use.” In simple words entrepreneurship involves shifting of resources from “low productivity” areas to “high productivity” areas.

90. NATURAL RESOURCES OF RURAL INDIA

91. NATURAL RESOURCES OF RURAL INDIA As the saying goes, India lives in villages 1. Scenic beauty 2.Pollution free weather 3.Coupled with innocence of the people living close to the nature 4.The nature wisdom and practices 5.Artifacts and lifestyles 6.Still rural India has its own charm

92. Various agricultural practices 1.Season-wise, 2.Right from sowing to harvesting 3.Cattle rearing 4.Milking of the cattle 5.Food grain storage 6.Farm equipment 7.Lush green fields with natural Flora and Fauna

93. 10.Community involvement in organising festivals and religious events of the village – each one by itself offers exciting experience to many a Tourist. 8.The rivulets and Rivers. 9.Social bonds and relationships

94. THRUST AREAS FOR ACTION Involvement of tourism professionals, Extension officers of government at Taluk / District level, Opinion leaders from the villages Rural youth these are essential to make any headway in rural tourism.

95. Following aspects need to be addressed on priority basis Resources mapping – brings to the fore what rural India has to offer to tourists Awareness creation – video clippings,documentaries , short films, exhibits etc., come in handy in portraying how rural tourism is beneficial and possible. Identification of the service provided at the village level Skilling the unskilled

96. Optimum utilization of human resources Ecosystem for rural tourism 1.Accessibility 2.Accommodation 3.Attraction 4.Amenities- Popularly known as 4 As in the tourism parlance constitute the four important pillars of tourism.

97. PANCHAYATI RAJ INSTITUTIONS:PROMOTING VILLAGE TOURISM People in general and villagers in particular or not aware about the concept, process and benefits of the village tourism State Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj with the collaboration of the Tourism Department of State Governments may organize workshop of selected personnel of Panchayats

98. Conceptual Framework of Panchayats and Village Tourism Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) are peoples institutions at grassroots levels. These PRIs prepare plans for economic development & social justice including 29 subjects in the 11 th Schedule of the Constitution. Relevant in the context of village tourism 1.Rural housing 2.Drinking water 3.Rural electrification

99. 4. Cultural activities 5.Markets and fairs 6. Health and sanitation, including hospitals 7.Maintanence of community assets where 69 percent of its population resides in villages and governed by PRIs numbering 2,54,044 in the country.

100. Strategy for the Development of Village Tourism These are seven Ss sutra to be addressed for the promotion of tourism in any area. 1.swagat- welcome 2.swachhta- sanitation and cleanliness 3.soochana- communication/information 4.suvidha- facilitation 5.suraksha- security 6.sahyog- cooperation and coordination 7.samrachana- infrastructure

101. Cleanliness and Village Tourism Swachhta is one of the important planks of strategy to promote the tourism in India. Government Of India has launched Swachhta Hi Seva nationwide campaign on 15 th September 2017 to accelerate people movement for sanitation.

102. CIRCUIT TOURISM: A UNIQUE MODEL FOR INDIAN TOURISM When a tourist from another country visits a highly popular tourist spot in India, her sightseeing is limited to a maximum of two days. The most popular tourist spots have been milked to the point of overkill and it is high time a model is developed which promotes a vibrant industry not around a single site of attraction but around an entire region. This model is named as “Circuit Tourism”.

103. Circuit tourism in THRISSUR The project implemented in Thrissur aims to help tourists who visit Thrissur explore places beyond the conventional ones. Circuits are based on his/her interest Circuits are identified based on colours to attract the tourists immediate attention

104. 1.BLUE CIRCUIT It denotes “WATER CIRCUIT” or “WATER TOURISM.”

105. 2.BROWN CIRCUIT It denotes “DAM CIRCUIT” or “DAM TOURISM.”

106. 3.YELLOW CIRCUIT It denotes “CULTURAL CIRCUIT” or “CULTURAL TOURISM”

107. 4.ORANGE CIRCUIT It denotes “HERITAGE CIRCUIT” or “HERITAGE TOURISM”

108. 5.GREEN CIRCUIT It denotes “BACK WATER CIRCUIT” or “ BACK WATER TOURISM.”

109. 6.RED CIRCUIT It denotes “ASSORTED CIRCUIT” or “ASSORTED TOURISM”

110. Working of circuit tourism Each circuit comprises 5-6 tourist hotspots It can be completed in one day A single brochure enlists all the circuits This circuit based tourism is interlinked with hotels, travels offices and cab drivers associations also One minute teasers on each circuit have been developed.

111. COMMUNITY BASED ECO-TOURISM

112. COMMUNITY BASED ECO-TOURISM FOR NORTH-EAST North east is a land of diverse cultures, loaded with hidden potentials for Tourism that would bring inclusive development in rural communities. Each rural village in North East would be offering a unique experience to the visitor, with the rejuvenating freshness of nature, richness of culture and traditions, cuisine and various aspects of rural life, which are way distinct from modern urban life.

113. One such successful Community based eco tourism experiment from North East in Dzuleke Village is documented below, through the words of implementing agency NEIDA. The tourists often are apprehensive of two aspects of North East: 1.Availing Inner Line Permits (ILP) 2.Security

114. BRINGING OUT THE UNIQUENESS OF THE VILLAGE: DZULEKE USP Total number of households in the village is about 33 With it quaint houses and beautifully laid out stone walkways and surrounded by forests and rice fields Semi ever green forests offer opportunities for bird and butterfly watching; nature walks and trekking A walk to river to provides a chance to see this fish being caught in traditional Angami style.

115. Project initiation of Eco Tourism in Dzuleke : The process The Dzuleke’s Village Council had set up the Dzuleke Eco-Tourism Board(DETB) to manage tourism related activities. The North East Initiative Development Agency (NEIDA), an associative organisation of the Tata Trust, was looking at various options to promote sustainable conservation initiatives in Nagaland Community-based eco-tourism project is initiated in Dzuleke village in 2014

116. The goal of the project The goal of the project is “to support the conservation effort of the village by involving local communities and promoting economic activities for preserving nature and local culture through the introduction of community based eco-tourism at Dzuleke village”

117. TOURIST PRODUCTS 1.Establishment of home stay facilities 2.Eco Camping facilities 3.Development of eco trails for hiking, trekking, bird watching and butterfly watching 4.Development of Picnic spots especially for local visitors 5.Agro-tourism 6.Promotion of local arts and crafts

118. Establishment of Home Stay facilities

119. Eco Camping facilities

120. BENEFITS IN AGRO TOURISM Benefits for Tourist Safe and pleasant travel Free from fear and stress True and friendly interactions Contentment Rich and complete feeling Warmth and genuine welcome

121. BENEFITS IN AGRO TOURISM Benefits for Locals Cultural exchange Empowerment Awareness Community Bonding

122. EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN TOURISM INDUSTRY 1. Restaurants 2.Home stays 3.Lodges 4.Transportation 5.Coffee days 6.Shop keepers and street traders

123. 7.Enchanting waterfalls 8.Reserviours 9.Resorts and Restaurants 10.Suitable weather condition 11.Homestays 12.Sports activities 13.Food habits

124. CHALLENGES IN AGRO TOURISM 1.Lack of knowledge 2.Density of population and vehicle 3.Deforestation 4.Lack of training 5.Lack of finance 6.Infrastructure limitations 7.Naxalism and Terrorism 8.Lack of government policies 9.Personal challenges for farm families 10.Lack of interest in agricultural sector

125. CHALLENGES IN RURAL ROURISM Legislation problems Lack of trained manpower Insufficient financial support Lack of local involvement Illiterate population Lack of communication skills

126. Lack of Basic education Language Hindrance Business planning skills Lack of Trained Tourist Guide Lack of proper physical Infrastructure

127. Role of agricultural extension in overcoming the challenges Educate the farmers on value addition of agriculture food products Providing necessary training to acquire knowledge and skills by farmers and SMEs. Make them aware about the tools and techniques in promotion and marketing of agri tourism products. Assist farmers and SMEs in selecting the type of agri tourism and activities

128. Assist the planners and policy makers to formulate rules and regulations to manage the agri tourism enterprises Collaboration of farmer societies and SMEs to establish agro tourism enterprises both in existing new farms Should assist guide and direct farmers to identify both farming and non farming activities which can increase their net income. Commercialized agriculture extension service concentrate on resourceful big farmers be the favourable environmental conditions and higher socio economic status.

129. KEY TECHNIQUES FOR SUCCESS IN AGRO-TOURISM Give a wide publicity of tourism centre by newspapers, television etc. Develop contacts with the schools, colleges, NGO's, clubs, unions, organizations etc. Train your staff or family members for reception and hospitality. Understand about the customers wants and their expectations and serve accordingly.

130. Develop your website and update time to time for attract foreign tourist. Develop a good relationship with the tourists for future business and chain publicity. Small farmers can develop their agro-tourism centres on the basis of cooperative society

131. IMPACT OF AGRO TOURISM 1.ECONOMIC IMPACT Income from entrance fees and direct payment for access right Income from associated value added services Increase local land values Increase foreign exchange where tourism is dominated by foreign national

132. 2. SOCIAL IMPACT Training and skills development Education- primary schools/environmental education Healthcare- clinics/ visiting doctors, nurses offered by tour operators Improved local communications/ transport Increased social capital-building

133. 3.ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Protection and conservation of environment Improved resource management practices Conservation of Biodiversity

134. Dilli Haat : The Right place to Tap Global Audience Delhi Haat is one such platform from where artisans, craftmen from rural India get splendid opportunity to showcase not only their crafts, but also the richness of rural India, augmenting the marketing of Rural tourism in India It is the craftsmen who are mobile and ever- changing thereby offering a kaleidoscopic view of the richness and diversity of Indian handicrafts and artifacts .

135. Spread over a spacious six acre area, imaginative landscaping, creative planning, and the traditional village architectural style have combined to produce the perfect ambience for a Haat or market place. A wide variety of skillfully crafted handicrafts, intrinsic to each part of the country are available in this exotic bazaar. These ranges from 1.Intricate rosewood and sandalwood carvings 2.Embellished camel hide footwear 3.Sophisticated fabric and drapery

136. Delhi Haat is now at three locations in Delhi at 1.INA, 2.Pitampura, 3.Janakpuri. Source : https://www.delhitourism.com/dttdc/dilli-haat.html

137. HANDICRAFTS

138. WOOD CA R VINGS

139. ARTIFACTS

140. IN TAMILNADU LEVEL VILLAGE TOURISM

141. KADAMBADI-MAMALLAPURAM BOAT RIDING

142. THANDARAI-MAMALLAPURAM It is an IRULAS tribal village Visitors can go snake hunting,tribal dances etc

143. SNAKE HUNTING IRULARS

144. KURANGANI-MADURAI Kurangani kolukkumalai is the highest tea estate in the world KURANGANI: MADURAI

145. THIRUKKURUNGUDI-TIRUNELVELI KAISIKA NATAKAM(worship of Lord through dance, drama and music.

146. KAISIKA NATAKAM

147. pichavaram

148. ariyankuppam

149. CONCLUSION If implemented and promoted properly, projects can become a driver of economic growth and will address issues such as poverty, empowerment of women and strengthening the economic status of the rural people. Eventually , it would be a win-win situation to both the tourists and the host community.

150. RURAL TOURISM THUS PROVIDES AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL FOR THE OVERALL DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS OF INDIA GANDHIJI’S DREAM OF “GRAM SWARAJ” MAY BE REALIZED FOR THE PROSPERITY OF THE NATION.