air and water

description about air and water in full manner for prepare for school compitation

1. air AND water SUPPORTs OUR LIFE BY S.K AJEY SHABHUNAN, V STD “A”SEC

2. air Air contains 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen 0.93% argon, 0.039% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases Humans breathe in about 35 pounds of air everyday ! An average tree stores about 25 lbs . of atmospheric carbon a year. 1 pound (lbs) =0.45 kg

3. Air comes to our earth…… B eginning of the earth's formation, gravity drew in materials that were orbiting around the sun. This included gases. Early attracted gases were probably helium and hydrogen. Volcanos released the gases Plants and animals released O2,Co2 Earth attracted He,H2

4. LAYERS OF ATMOSPHERE

5. WEATHER

6. From weather study we get THE knowledge of FOLLOWS………….. When the temperature is increased , the volume increases . This relationship above is expressed by Charles's Law When the pressure is increased , the volume is decreased This relationship above is expressed by Boyle’s Law. Thermometer Pressure gauge

7. Composition of air NITROGEN :N 2 OXYGEN:O 2 CARBON DI OXIDE :Co 2 OTHER GASES: WATER VAPOUR, HELIUM , NEON , ARGON

8. AIR IS IMPORTANT TO OUR LIFE

9. CONT..

10. Air pollution Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere In fu

11. MAJOR EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION IS GLOBAL WARMING Global Warming is the increase of Earth's average surface temperature due to effect of greenhouse gases . Green house gas Water vapour ( H 2 O ) Carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) Methane ( CH 4 ) Nitrous oxide ( N 2 O ) Ozone ( O 3 ) CFCs

12. Effects of global warming

13. Prevention of global warming Reduce and Conserve Heat

14. In our school Our school presented to us more disturbing facts about global warming held 15th annual day celebrations (2008) themed “Global warming: an Indian answer .”

15. WATER WATER IS A COLOURLESS, TRANSPARENT, ODOURLESS, LIQUID WHICH FORMS THE SEAS, LAKES, RIVERS, OCEANS AND FREEZING AT 32°F OR 0°C AND BOILING AT 212°F OR 100°C . IT CONTAINS 11.188 % HYDROGEN AND 88.812 % OXYGEN, BY WEIGHT .

16. HOW DOES WATER COME TO EARTH….. 4 billion years ago, the Earth could be described as a very large, hot rock without a trace of water on its surface . Water on the young Earth came from comets ( 103P/Hartley 2), which contain large amounts of water ice, pummelled &delivered water to Earth.

17. evaporation When the heat of the sun causes water to turn to water vapour, it is known as evaporation . In more scientific terms, evaporation is the change of liquid state into gaseous state.

18. TRANSPIRATION…. PLANTS ABSORB WATER FROM THE SOIL AND TRANSPORT IT TO THE LEAVES VIA THE STEM. WHEN THIS WATER EVAPORATES FROM THE LEAVES AND STEM, IT IS TERMED AS TRANSPIRATION .

19. EVAPO -TRANSPIRATION(E.T) LOSS OF WATER FROM THE SOIL BOTH BY EVAPORATION FROM THE SOIL SURFACE AND BY TRANSPIRATION FROM THE LEAVES OF THE PLANTS GROWING ON IT

20. CONDENSATION As the water vapour moves higher in the atmosphere, it cools down due to a decrease in the temperature. On cooling, the water vapour condenses to form tiny droplets of water. This process is known as condensation

21. PRECIPITATION The definition of precipitation is any form of water - liquid or solid - falling from the sky

22. Infiltration vs percolation I nfiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil . Infiltration and percolation are two related but different processes percolation is the amount of water crossing the water table .

23. surface runoff Surface runoff is the water flow that occurs when the soil is infiltrated to full capacity and excess water from rain, melt water, or other sources flows over the land.

24. is Water a chemical? 2H 2 –-> 2H 2 + O 2 Each water molecule is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The atoms are joined by covalent bonding, meaning that they share electrons .

25. GOOD quality OF WATER we MEASURE …. IN TERMS OF PH P = latin potentia= pressure H = Hydrogen Pure water has a pH of 7 = pH 7 is seen as neutral . Solutions with a pH less than 7 are called Acidic solutions with a pH greater than 7 are called basic or Alkaline . SOLUTION PH LEVEL Blood 7.4 Soap 9.5 Orange 3.6 Vinegar 2.5

26. Necessity for Storing water

27. TYPES OF water storage Agriculture Purpose: Drinking purpose: Hydroelectric purpose:

28. Water is necessity for human life OUR BODY IS 60-70 % OF WATER, SO WATER IS ESSENTIAL TO… Our body's temperature regulation, keeping it cool through perspiration A major component of blood which carries nutrients and oxygen to and from all cells . Cushions to joints, protects tissues and organs like the brain from shock and damage . A Major component of saliva and mucous The weight a person loses directly after intense physical activity is weight from water, not fat.

29. Water pollution WATER POLLUTION IS THE CONTAMINATION OF WATER BODIES (E.G. LAKES, RIVERS, OCEANS, AQUIFERS AND GROUNDWATER), VERY OFTEN BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES.

30. FUN WITH WATER Can’t drink the water? Virtual water is the amount of water that is embedded in food. Example : produce one kilogram of wheat we need about 1,000 litres of virtual water . Can’t measure the size for shoe from the foot print Water Footprint is the total amount of freshwater used directly and indirectly by consumers and manufacturers. Y ou drink colourless water, what is green water? water from rainwater stored in soil is called green water.

31. HOT AIR BALLOON SALT WATER AIR PRESSURE BUOYANCY PRINCIPLE

32. conclusion Other planets have sunlight, but the Earth is the only planet we know that has air and water. Without air and water, the Earth would be unable to sustain life . So save air, water from polluted……..

33. THANK YOU