Air Pollution.pdf

Air Pollution

1. Air
Pollution

2. CONTENTS
Introduction
Four Main Types Of Air Pollution Sources
Air Pollutants
Effects Of Air Pollutants
Controlling Measures Of Air Pollution
Summary Of Sources Of Air Pollution In India
Action Plan For Combating Air Pollution In India
References

3. INTRODUCTION
Airpollutionistheintroductionofparticulates,biological
molecules,orotherharmfulmaterialsintoEarth's
atmosphere,causingdiseases,deathtohumans,damageto
otherlivingorganismssuchasanimalsandfoodcrops,or
thenaturalorbuiltenvironment.
AccordingtoTheAir(PreventionandControlof
Pollution)Act,1981,“Airpollutionisthepresenceof
anysolid,liquid,orgaseoussubstancesinthe
atmosphereinsuchconcentrationasmaybeortendto
beinjurioustohumanbeingsorotherlivingcreatures
orplantsorpropertyorenvironment”.

4. FOUR MAIN TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION SOURCES

5. The substances which are responsible for causing air pollution are called air pollutants.
Air pollutants can be categorized by various means: Based on
AIR POLLUTANTS
A. Source of originB. Method of origin C. Chemical compound D. State of matter
Emitted from natural
sources such as volcanic
activity, dust, sea-salt,
forest fires, lightening, soil
out gassing etc.
Emissions from stationary
point sources (e.g. emission
from industries), mobile
sources (e.g. vehicular
emission, marine vessels,
airplanes etc.), waste
disposal landfills,
controlled burning etc.
Examples are
hydrocarbons, aldehydes,
ketones, amines, and
alcohols etc
Examples are carbon
compounds (CO and
carbonates), nitrogen
compounds (NO
Xand
NH
3), sulphurcompounds
(H
2S, SO
2, SO
3, H
2SO
4),
halogen compounds (HF,
HCletc.), flyash, silica etc.
Natural
Anthro
pogenic
Organic
Inorganic

6. EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTANTS

7. EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTANTS
(in terms of health aspects and environmental aspects)
Pollutants
Major effects
Health effects Environmental effects
Sulfur oxides (SO
x)Respiratory problems, Heart and lung disorders, Visual impairmentAcid rain
Nitrogen oxides (NO
x)Pulmonary disorders, increased susceptibility to respiratory infections
Precursor of ozone formation in
troposphere, Aerosol formation
Particulate matter (PM)
Respiratory problems, liver fibrosis, lung/liver cancer, Heart stroke,
Bone problems
Visibility reduction
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Anoxemialeading to various cardiovascular problems. Infants,
pregnant women, and elderly people are at higher risk
-
Ozone (O
3) Respiratory problems, Asthma, bronchitisetc.
O
3inuppertropospherecauses
greenhouseeffects,Harmful
effectsonplantsasitinterferesin
photosynthesisandresultsin
deathofplanttissuessinceit
assistsintheformationof
Peroxyacetylnitate(PAN)
Lead (Pb)
Serious effects on central nervous system since it is absorbed rapidly
in blood stream, Anemia, toxic for soft tissues and bones
-
Ammonia (NH
3)
Immediate effects lead to burning of eyes, nose, throat and respiratory
tract. Prolonged effects result in blindness, lung damage, or death.
-

8. CONTROLLING MEASURES OF AIR POLLUTION
1. Use of unleaded petrol
2. Using fuels with low sulphurand ash
content
3. Promotion of use of public transport
4. Sensitive locations (hospitals, schools,
playgrounds etc.) should not be located
along the busy streets
5. Vegetation cover should be increased
along the roadside, busy traffic
intersection points, and on the road
dividers.

9. CONTROLLING MEASURES OF AIR POLLUTION

10. Summary of sources of air pollution in India

11. Action Plan for Combating Air Pollution in India

12. REFERENCES
Singh, Surya & Sharma, Meena. (2017). Impact of Air Pollution on Global Environment. 10.37591/rrjoe.v7
i1.816..
Xue, Y., Zhang, S., Nie, T., Cao, X., & Shi, A. (2020). Environmental Effective Assessment of Control Mea
sures Implemented by Clean Air Action Plan (2013–2017) in Beijing, China.Atmosphere,11(2), 189.
Gheorghe, I. F. , & Ion, B. (2011). The Effects of Air Pollutants on Vegetation and the Role of Vegetation in
Reducing Atmospheric Pollution. In (Ed.), The Impact of Air Pollution on Health, Economy, Environment an
d Agricultural Sources. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/17660
http://www.envis.nic.in
https://www.clarity.io/blog/how-measuring-different-types-of-air-pollutants-creates-a-more-holistic-picture-
of-air-pollution
https://www.sketchbubble.com/en/presentation-air-pollution.html
http://www.sustainabilityoutlook.in/content/bated-breath-action-plan-combating-air-pollution-india-764637

13. THANK YOU