AIRBAGS FOR SAFETY SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILE-1.pptx

Airbag operation

1. AIRBAGS FOR SAFETY SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILE Presented By Praveen Gowda B M.Tech ,VLSI & Embededded systems Student @ MSRIT,Bengaluru Under the Guidance of DR.SUMA.K.V 1

2. CONTENTS OF SEMINAR Introduction History and Materials Used In Airbags Working Of Airbags Airbag Inflation Process Short Clip On Working Commercial Airbag Control Units Block Diagram Types Of Airbags Future Scope and Conclusion 2

3. INTRODUCTION The application scale of Embedded systems Automobile industry is humongous as of our ever revolutionizing modern world. They have imposed total control on automobiles. Almost all components within a regular car is under control of Embedded System. The ECU (Electronic Control Units is being extensively used in automobiles. The Electronic control units comprises of microcontroller as well as digital signal processors. CARS WITH EMBEDDED AIRBAGS: Mercedes, BMW cars and other modern vehicles make use of a variety of controllers such as ECU’s used in Embedded Systems. 3

4. Airbags can be made up of nylon and polyesters. The fabrics which have high elongation, have massive pliability, have a proper resistance to ultraviolet lights and have excessive strength must be recommended. HISTORY Airbags were first introduced in the early 1970’s. Early airbag systems were giant and bulky, mainly using tanks of compressed or heated air. It involves a tank of compressed air beneath the hood and inflatable bags on the steering wheel, in the center of the dashboard and in the glove compartment to guard front-seat occupants and on the back of the front seat to guard rear-seat passengers. 4 MATERIALS USED IN AIRBAGS

5. WORKING OF AIRBAGS The Airbag is a one of a kind(popular)  protection device that employs crucial safety for the passenger against a deadly head crash. Mainly it was designed for the individuals sitting in the front. Microcontroller is the core of the system. The  system performs operations  based on the commands fed by microcontroller. The input Power to the controller is supplied by an external battery. Next the sensor then detects it and the controller(ECU) activates the Airbag with the aid of alternator. 5

6. Actually the main concept of an airbag is to decelerate the passenger’s  abrupt forward movement as evenly as possible in a fraction of a second. The airbag comprises three major components in order to achieve this goal. The main part that is the   bag  is comprising of a thin nylon fabric, which is folded and placed into the steering wheel or dashboard or, more recently, into the seat or door. Sensor  is the alerting  device that gives the signal to  the bag to inflate. The Inflation process tends to happen when there is a equivalent collision force of that running into a brick wall at 16 to 24 km per hour. Afterwards a small mechanical switch is turned on  when the required mass force is detected. This humongous force closes one electrical contact, thereby informing the sensors that the car has crashed.. The sensors will receive information as electrical data input from an  accelerometer  embedded into the microchip. Mainly inside the airbag  inflation system  NaN3 (sodium azide )chemically reacts with KNO3(Potassium nitrate) to yield  nitrogen gas . Consequently the very hot bursts  of nitrogen gas expands the airbag rapidly. 6 Airbag Inflation Process:

7. SHORT CLIP ON WORKING 7

8. Block Diagram 8

9. Commercial Airbag Control Units 9 Continental ACU Bosch ACU

10. TYPES OF AIRBAGS Steering wheel and Driver Airbag Passenger Airbag Side Airbags Curtain Airbags Knee airbags Rear End Impact Airbags 10

11. 11 FUTURE SCOPE The future airbags will be more economical, lighter in weight, involve compact integrated systems and will use smart sensors. The effectiveness of an airbag relies on its sensors, recognizing if a crash is extreme enough to set off a deployment, a device ought to be exactly tuned to the way a particular car model behaves in a crash. CONCLUSIONS The aim of airbags is to guard the driver and passengers when any collision or accidental incident occurs. As we have seen, there have been astonishing developments in the field of the safety system in an automobile. Many manufacturing firms are specifically working on the advancement of the airbag systems in order to provide an apex level of safety to the occupants.

12. THANK YOU 12