AIRBORNE INTERNET

A NETWORK IN THE AIR

1. AIRBORNE INTERNET 28-Mar-18 POOJA PAGYAL ROLL NO-2606 BCA3 AIRBORNE INTERNET

2. INDEX Abstract Introduction History Architecture Principle and Working Why Airborne Internet Implementation Systems Applications Comparison between Satellite and Airborne Internet Advantages Disadvantages Future Activity Conclusion 28-Mar-18

3. ABSTRACT The word on just about every  Internet  user's lips these days is "broadband." We have so much more data to send and download today, including audio files, video files and photos, that it's clogging our wimpy modems. Many Internet users are switching to cable modems, Fiber Optics   and digital subscriber lines ( DSLs)to increase their bandwidth . Then comes the Satellite Internet Access based on wireless connection. It does not use a Dialup connection or cable connection but instead uses a satellite dish for two way data communication.(upload and download) 28-Mar-18

4. ABSTRACT There is a new type of service being developed that will take Broadband into the air which is called as “AIRBORNE INTERNET” The airborne Internet will function much like satellite-based Internet access, but without the time delay. Bandwidth of satellite and airborne Internet access are typically the same, but it will take less time for the airborne Internet to relay data because it is not as high up. Satellites orbit at several hundreds of miles above Earth. The airborne-Internet aircraft will circle overhead at an altitude of 52,000 to 69,000 feet (15,849 to 21,031 meters). At this altitude, the aircraft will be undisturbed by inclement weather and flying well above commercial air traffic . Networks using high-altitude aircraft will also have a cost advantage over satellites because the aircraft can be deployed easily -- they don't have to be launched into space. 28-Mar-18

5. 28-Mar-18 Airborne Internet aims at providing communication link between aircraft- ground, ground-ground and aircraft- aircraft. This is one of the major achievements in the aviation history by NASA’s Small Aircraft Transportation System(SATS). The network is intended for use in aviation Communications, navigation and Surveillance(CNS) and would also be useful to businesses, private Internet users and government agencies, especially the military. INTRODUCTION

6. WHAT IS AIRBORNE INTERNET It is private, secure and reliable peer to peer aircraft communication network that uses the same technology as the commercial internet. It is a proposed network in which all nodes would be located in the aircraft. It is about information connectivity. It can provide an interconnected digital data network between aircrafts and aircraft to ground. 28-Mar-18

7. HISTORY Breaking the information barrier In 1903, the Wright brothers broke the chains of gravity In 1947, Chuck Yeager broke the sound barrier. In 1999, Ralph Yost from the FAA Technical Center broke the information barrier when he conceived of a system in which aircraft would be connected with a scalable, general purpose, and multi-application aviation data channel and treated as nodes in a network. But the idea of Airborne internet was first proposed at NASA Langley Research Centre’s SATS Planning Conference in 1999 . The goals of SATS initiative is the implementation of small aircrafts for public transportation and later on, it was suggested that such a system would require a peer-to-peer communication network over an aircraft. The Airborne Internet Consortium (AIC) is formed and is helping to advocate this concept, which is known as the Airborne Internet. 28-Mar-18

8. THE NET TAKES FLIGHT The computer most people use comes with a standard 56K modem, which means that in an ideal situation your computer would downstream at a rate of 56 kilobits per second (Kbps). That speed is far too slow to handle the huge streaming-video and music files that more consumers are demanding today. That's where the need for bigger bandwidth -- broadband -- comes in, allowing a greater amount of data to flow to and from your computer.  Land Based Lines are limited physically in how much data they can deliver because of the diameter of the cable or phone line. In an airborne internet, there is no such physical limitation, enabling a broader capacity. 28-Mar-18

9. Continued… The airborne Internet won't be completely wireless. There will be ground-based components to any type of airborne Internet network. The consumers will have to install an antenna on their home or business in order to receive signals from the network hub overhead. The networks will also work with established Internet Service Providers (ISPs), who will provide their high-capacity terminals for use by the network. These ISPs have a fiber point of presence-their fiber optics are already set up.What AI will do is provide an infrastructure that can reach area that don’t have broadband cables and wires. 28-Mar-18 AI systems will require that an antenna be attached to the side of your house or workplace.

10. ARCHITECTURE The Airborne Internet Architecture is a client-server network system architecture The development will be the maturing of the Airborne Internet to enable the full SATS(Small Aircraft Transportation System)vision. In the Airborne Architecture, each Aircraft is a part of the Peer to Peer network .(denoting or relating to networks in which each computer can act as a server for the others, allowing shared access to files and peripherals without the need for a central server). 28-Mar-18

11. PRINCIPLE AND WORKING 28-Mar-18 This Diagram shows how the HALO network will enable a high speed wireless internet connection.

12. PRINCIPLES OF AIRBORNE INTERNET To establish a robust ,reliable and available digital data channel to the aircrafts. Mobile Routing is an ability of a network user to move from one network to another network without loosing communication. It uses the TCP/IP protocol for specifying network addresses and ensuring message packets arrival. It uses the network called HALO(High Altitude Long Operation). HALO network is used by U.S. Air Force in 1991 Gulf war. HALO uses light-weighted planes to circle overhead and provide data faster than any other network. 28-Mar-18

13. 28-Mar-18 The Aircraft will work as a Hub. HALO works as wireless network with star topology. Internet Service Provider(ISP) sends the data through the gateway to the hub in the aircraft . To provide service for 24 hours, 3 aircrafts will be used each for 8 hours.

14. WHY AIRBORNE INTERNET? 28-Mar-18

15. IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEM These companies are planning to provide Airborne Internet by placing aircrafts in fixed patterns over hundred of cities. Angel Technologies------Proteus Plane Aero Vironment With NASA--------Helios Aircraft Sky Station International--------Blimps 28-Mar-18

16. IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEMS Angel Technologies Its HALO Network uses the Proteus plane which will carry wireless networking equipment in the air. The Proteus plane will fly at height of 9.5 and 1.4 miles and cover an area up to 75 miles in diameter. The plane still needs to receive approval from the Federal Aviation Administration.(FAA) 28-Mar-18

17. IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEMS Sky Station International It created Blimps to beat Angel in delivery of internet access from high altitudes. It calls its blimps lighter than air platforms and plans to station these airships over at least 250 cities worldwide, one over each city. Each station would fly at an altitude of 13 miles(21 km) and provide service to an area of 7500 square miles. Each blimp would have life span of 5 to 10 years. Each will be powered by solar and fuel cells and be equipped with a telecommunication payload to provide wireless broadband connections. Its user terminals will enable broadband connections of between 2 to 10 megabits per seconds (Mbps). 28-Mar-18

18. IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEMS Aero Vironment With NASA These are working on a solar powered light weight plane that could fly over a city for 6 months or more at 60,000 feet, without landing. Aero vironment plans to use these unmanned planes as a carrier to provide internet access. Helios is currently in prototype stage and still need a lot of testing to be done to achieve the endurance levels. It plans to launch its system within 3 years of receiving funds for the project. When it does, a single Helios airplane flying at 60,000 feet will cover service area of 40 miles in diameter. 28-Mar-18

19. APPLICATIONS The Airborne modules have been designed and tested to provide wireless LAN (WLAN) and Internet connectivity across the harshest of machine to machine environments including: transportation medical warehouse and logistics point-of-sale (POS) industrial automation military scientific research Equipment with an embedded Airborne module can be monitored and controlled by a handheld device, by a PC in a central location or over the Internet. 28-Mar-18

20. APPLICATIONS Airborne Internet (A.I.) is an approach to provide a general purpose, multi-application data channel to aviation. In doing so, A.I. has the potential to provide significant cost savings for aircraft operators and the FAA, as it allows the consolidation of many functions into a common data channel. A primary application for A.I. is to track aircraft for the air traffic control system. Many other applications can utilize the same A.I. data channel. The applications available are only limited by the bandwidth available 28-Mar-18

21. APPLICATIONS It is not limited to SATS-class aircraft. All of aviation, and even transportation, has the potential to benefit from A.I. In case of War, for example- an airborne network might enable military planes to operate without the need for a communications infrastructure on the ground. Such a network could also allow civilian planes to continually monitor each other’s positions and flight paths. It has the potential to change how aircrafts are monitored and tracked by Air Traffic Control system and how they exchange information with and about other aircraft. Critical information such as Weather,Turbulance and landing conditions can be transferred , as well as the distance between aircrafts. 28-Mar-18

22. APPLICATIONS These airborne networks will overcome the  last-mile  barriers facing conventional Internet access options. The "last mile" refers to the fact that access to high-speed cables still depends on physical proximity, and that for this reason, not everyone who wants access can have it. It would take a lot of time to provide universal access using cable or phone lines, just because of the time it takes to install the wires. An airborne network will immediately overcome the last mile as soon as the aircraft takes off . It will remove the pitfalls of Satellite Internet i -e Time lag and Cost in launching. Remove the Drawbacks of Wired connection 56,000bits per second only (too slow for transmission of data.) If Broadband were to setup worldwide(Cable or DSL), it would require enormous investment in time ,money and resources. AI also solved this problem. 28-Mar-18

23. Comparison between Satellite and Airborne internet AI SERVICE SATELLITE Time Delay Small delay (Relatively Less) Large delay (Up to 240ms) Frequency 28-38 GHz AI does not need Frequency band License. It can service 100-1000 of broadband subscribers. 4-6 GHz 9-13 GHz Latency -100ms 638ms Coverage 64000kms 100-6000kms Power Low power High power Cost Low cost High cost 28-Mar-18

24. Advantages Long flight durations up to 6 months or more. Minimal maintenance cost due to few moving parts. High levels of redundancy (e. g. aircraft could lose multiple motors and still maintain station and land safely - most failure modes do not require immediate response by ground operator) Highly autonomous controls which enable one ground operator to control multiple aircraft. Use of solar energy to minimize fuel costs . Increase productivity and Economic Growth. Increase Innovation Increase security, reliability and scalability. 28-Mar-18

25. Disadvantages 28-Mar-18 Airborne internet is used for specific purposes. It is a complement to Satellite system but cannot replace it. Researchers are on their way yet towards the development of Airborne Internet.

26. Future Activity 28-Mar-18 We intend to continue applying the methodology defined to Develop Airborne Internet alternatives Analyze advantages and Disadvantages of each alternative Estimation of performance and cost will be made and A separate security assessment will be produced.

27. CONCLUSION Thus this airborne internet technology has a wide range of utilities in the field of aviation services like aircraft monitoring and air traffic management, weather information etc. It is also provides an opportunity for the passengers to access the internet at very high altitudes that is, in the aero planes and other conventional services This will be useful for those who live in villages(remote area). Thus it is a further new trend in this mobile world which is establishing the connectivity by building network in the air . 28-Mar-18

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