airportlightssignsandmarkings-110118113918-phpapp01.ppt

Discuss lighting and marking of obstacles at airports and signage for airport safety.

1. Airport Familiarization

2. Signage

3. •MANDATORY HoldingPositionSign:
Denotesentrancetorunwayfroma
taxiway.Locatedontheleftsideofthe
taxiwaywithin10feetofholdposition
markings.

4. •MANDATORY HoldingPositionSignfor
runwayapproachareas:Usedtoprotect
theapproachordepartureareaofa
runwaysothattaxiingaircraftorvehicular
trafficdonotinterferewiththeoperations
onthatrunway.

5. •MANDATORY ILSHoldingPosition
Sign:Denotesentrancetoareatobe
protectedforanILSsignalorapproach
airspace.

6. •MANDATORY NoEntrySign:Denotes
whereaircraftentryisprohibited.

7. •TaxiwayLocationSign:Theinscriptionis
thedesignationofthetaxiwayonwhich
theaircraftorvehicleislocated.These
signsareinstalledalongtaxiways,either
bythemselvesorinconjunctionwith
directionsigns.A

8. •RunwayLocationSign:Theinscriptionis
thedesignationoftherunwayonwhichthe
aircraftislocated.Thesesignsare
intendedtocomplementtheinformation
availabletopilotsthroughtheirmagnetic
compass.Typically,theyareinstalled
wheretheproximityoftwoormore
runwaystooneanothercouldcausepilots
tobeconfusedastowhichrunwaythey
areon.

9. •RunwayApproachAreaBoundarySign:
Thissign,whichfacestherunwayandis
visibletothepilotexitingtherunway,is
locatedadjacenttotheholdingposition
markingonthepavement.Thesignis
intendedtoprovidepilotswithanother
visualcuewhichtheycanuseasaguide
indecidingwhentheyare“clearofthe
runway”.

10. •ILSCriticalAreaBoundarySign:
Indicateswhenyouaresafelyclearofthe
ILScriticalarea.Itislocateddirectly
besidetheILSholdingpositionmarkings.
WhileILSapproachesareinuse,taxipast
thesignbeforestoppingonthetaxiway.

11. •RunwayExitDirectionSign:Thissign
willindicatetheapproachingtaxiwaywhile
ontherunway.Inthisexample,taxiway
Alphaisapproachingtotheright.A

12. •OutboundDestinationSign:Runways
27and33aretoyourright.
•Neverco-locatedorcombinedwithother
signs.

13. •InboundDestinationSign:Themilitary
installationistoyourright.Other
informationsignsareCargo,Term
(Terminal),Ramp,etc.

14. •TaxiwayEndingMarker:Thissign
indicatestheterminationofthetaxiway.It
islocatedatthefarendoftheintersection.

15. •RunwayDistanceRemainingSign:have
ablackbackgroundwithwhitenumbers.
Thenumbersindicatethedistanceofthe
remainingrunwayinthousandsoffeet.

16. Markings

17. •RunwayHoldingPositionMarking:The
solidlinesarealwaysonthesidewhere
theaircraftandvehiclesaretohold.They
arelocatedonalltaxiwaysthatintersect
runwaysapproximately300’fromthe
runwaycenterline.

18. •ILSHoldingPositionMarking:These
markingsidentifywhereaircraftand
vehiclesaretostopwheninstructedto
holdshortoftheILScriticalareas.

19. •Taxiway/Taxiway HoldingPosition
Marking:Denoteslocationontaxiwayor
apronwhereaircraftholdshortofanother
taxiway.

20. •Non–Movement AreaBoundary
Marking:Delineatesmovementarea
undercontrolofATCT,fromnon-
movementarea.Thesolidlineislocated
ontheNon-MovementAreasidewhilethe
dashedlineislocatedontheMovement
Areaside.

21. •TaxiwayCenterlineMarking:Solid
yellowlinethatprovidesavisualcuefor
taxiingalongadesignatedpath.

22. •EnhancedTaxiwayCenterlineMarking:
Providesvisualcuetohelpidentify
locationofholdposition.(150feetin
length).

23. •TaxiwayEdgeMarking:usedtodefine
theedgeofthetaxiway.Theyare
primarilyusedwhenthetaxiwayedge
doesnotcorrespondwiththeedgeofthe
pavement.

24. •VehicleRoadwayMarking:“Zipper
Stripes”markareasintendedforvehicle
traffic.Solidwhitestripesmayalsobe
usedtodefinevehicleroadwayslocated
onanaircraftapronarea.

25. •ClosedRunwayandTaxiwayMarking-
Locatedatbothendsofpermanently
closedrunwaysandat1,000-footintervals.
Itisalsoplacedattaxiwayentrancesif
theyarepermanentlyclosed.

26. 32 •ApronEntryPoint(AEP):Aunique
systemofidentifyingthenumerous
taxilanesthatleadfromtherampsontothe
taxiways.

27. 36
R Runway Edge Marking
(36” wide)
Runway Centerline Marking
(120’ long, 36” wide)
Touchdown Zone Marking
(75’ long)
Fixed Distance Marking
(Aiming Point)
(150’ long)
Runway Designation
Threshold Marking
(150’ long)
Threshold Bar
Chevron
20’
500’
1000’
1500’
2000’
2500’
3000’R
U
N
W
A
Y
M
A
R
K
I
N
G
S

28. D
I
S
P
L
A
C
E
D
T
H
R
E
S
H
O
L
D
L
13
Demarcation Bar
3’ wide
Demarcation Bar -
delineatesarunwaywitha
displacedthresholdfroma
blastpad,stopwayor
taxiwaythatprecedesthe
runway.

29. Lighting

30. R
U
N
W
A
Y
L
I
G
H
T
I
N
G36
R
•Edge Lights
–Spaced approximately
200’ apart.
–White
–Amber the last 2000’
•Centerline Lights
–Spaced approximately
50’ apart.
–White
–Alternating Red/White
3000’ –1000’
–Solid Red from 1000’
to end

31. Runway Take-Off Hold Lights

32. Runway Entrance Lights REL’s

33. Precision Approach Path Indicator
Too Low
Slightly Low
Correct
Approach
Angle
Slightly High
Too High
Alightsystempositionedbesidetherunwaythatconsistsoffourboxesof
lightsthatprovideavisualindicationofanaircraft'spositionontheglidepath
fortheassociatedrunway.ThePAPIisusuallylocatedontheleftsideofthe
runwayandcanbeseenuptofivemilesduringthedayandtwentymilesat
night.

34. •RunwayGuardLights:Theselightsare
intendedtoalertvehiclesandaircraftofa
runway/taxiwayintersectionandare
locatedoneithersideoftheholding
positionmarking.

35. T
A
X
I
W
A
Y
L
I
G
H
T
I
N
G
•Edge Lights
-Blue
-200’ apart.
•Center Lights
-Green
-50’ apart.
•Intersection
-(1) Amber
•Denied Access
-RedX

36. ILS

37. Instrument Landing System
Aground-basedinstrumentapproachsystemthatprovides
precisionguidancetoanaircraftapproachingarunway,
usingacombinationofradiosignalsand,inmanycases,
high-intensitylightingarraystoenableasafelandingduring
instrumentmeteorologicalconditions(IMC),suchaslow
ceilingsorreducedvisibilityduetofog,rain,orblowingsnow.
TheILSconsistsof:
•the localizer transmitter;
•the glide path transmitter;
•the marker beacons
•the approach lighting system.

38. Localizer Antenna
Thelocalizerprovides
runwaycenterlineguidance
toaircraft.TheLocalizeris
placedabout1,000feeton
thefarendofthe
approachedrunway.

39. Glideslope Antenna
TheGlideSlopeisthe
signalthatprovidesvertical
guidancetotheaircraft
duringtheILSapproach.
Thestandardglide-slope
pathis3°downhilltothe
approach-end ofthe
runway.Followitfaithfully
andyouraltitudewillbe
preciselycorrectwhenyou
reachthetouchdownzone
oftherunway.

40. ALSF-2
Runway
•Ahighintensityapproachlightingsystem
thatprovidesavisuallightingpathfor
landingaircraftonCatIIandCatIII
Runways.
•Lightsarespaced100’apartstartingfrom
therunwaythreshold.Usuallya2400-
foot-longarrayoflightsbutcanbelonger
orshorterdependingonlocalterrainand
requirements.
•Systemcontrolofthesequenceflashing
lightsisaccomplishedthroughthemaster
controllerselectingoneofthreelight
intensities:low,medium,orhigh.Boththe
sequenceflashingandthesteadyburning
lightsystemsprovideforeitherlocalor
remotecontrol.

41. MALSR
Runway
•Mediumintensityapproachlightingsystem
thatprovidesavisuallightingpathfor
landingaircraft.
•Lightsarespaced200’apartstartingfrom
theRunwayThreshold.Usually2400foot-
longarrayoflightsbutcanbelongeror
shorterdependingonlocalterrainand
requirements.
•Systemcontrolofthesequenceflashing
lightsisaccomplishedthroughthemaster
controllerselectingoneofthreelight
intensities:low,medium,orhigh.Boththe
sequenceflashingandthesteadyburning
lightsystemsprovideforeitherlocalor
remotecontrol.

42. Wind Sock
Lightedand frangible
mountedwindsocksmust
beinstallednearthe
approachendofeach
runway,preferablyopposite
the1,000footmarkand
150feetofftheleftsideof
therunway.

43. Runway
Specifications

44. East Side Runways
17R / 35L 17C / 35C 17L / 35R 13L / 31R
Length 13,400’ 13,400’ 8,500’ 8,375/9,000’
Width 200’ 150’ 150’ 200’
Shoulders 25’ 35’ 35’ 25’
Visual Slope
Indicator
4 Light PAPI4 Light PAPI4 Light PAPI4 Light PAPI
Approach
Lights
17R –MALSR
35L -MALSR
17C –ALSF2
35C –ALSF2
17L –ALSF2
35R –ALSF2
31R -MALSR
NOTE: 13L length accounts for 625’ displaced threshold

45. West Side Runways
18L / 36R 18R / 36L 13R / 31L
Length 13,400’ 13,400’ 9300’
Width 200’ 150’ 150’
Shoulders 25’ 35’ 35’
Visual Slope Indicator4 Light PAPI4 Light PAPI4 Light PAPI
Approach Lights 18L –MALSR
36R -MALSR
18R –ALSF2
36L -MALSR
13R -MALSR

46. Apparatus

47. Oshkosh Striker
•Water –4500 gallons
•Foam –525 gallons 3% AFFF
•Dry Chemical –450 lbs Purple K
•Water Pump –Waterous, 1950 gpm
•Foam System
–Around the Pump Proportioner
•Roof Turret
–Flow –375 -750 gpm
–Reach –200’
•Bumper Turret
–Flow –600 -1200 gpm
–Reach –240’
–Dry Chemical @ 16 pps
•Under Truck Nozzles
–(5) @ 19 gpm
•Dual Agent Handline
–Dry Chemical @ 5 pps

48. TRIMAX
•Water –150 gallons
•Foam –5 gallons 3% AFFF
•Dry Chemical –450 lbs
•Foam System -CAFS
•Bumper Turret
–Reach –150’
–Aux Agent @ 16 pps
•Dual Agent Handline –
–Dry Chemical @ 5 pps

49. FAR 139

50. •AirCarrierAircraft-anaircraftthatisbeingoperatedby
anaircarrierandiscategorizedaseitheralargeaircarrier
aircraftifdesignedforatleast31passengerseatsora
smallaircarrieraircraftifdesignedformorethan9
passengerseatsbutlessthan31passengerseats.
•AirCarrierOperation-Aircarrieroperationmeansthe
takeofforlandingofanaircarrieraircraftandincludesthe
periodoftimefrom15minutesbeforeuntil15minutes
afterthetakeofforlanding.
§139.5 Definitions

51. •AirportOperatingCertificate-acertificate,issuedunder
thispart,foroperationofaClassI,II,III,orIVairport.
–ClassI-anairportcertificatedtoservescheduledoperationsof
largeaircarrieraircraftthatcanalsoserveunscheduledpassenger
operationsoflargeaircarrieraircraftand/orscheduledoperations
ofsmallaircarrieraircraft.
•AverageDailyDepartures-theaveragenumberof
scheduleddeparturesperdayofaircarrieraircraft
computedonthebasisofthebusiest3consecutive
calendarmonthsoftheimmediatelypreceding12
consecutivecalendarmonths.
§139.5 Definitions

52. •MovementArea-therunways,taxiways,andotherareas
ofanairportthatareusedfortaxiing,takeoff,andlanding
ofaircraft,exclusiveofloadingrampsandaircraftparking
areas.
•SurfaceMovementGroundControlSystem(SMGCS)–
AplanforU.S.AirportswherescheduledAirCarriersare
authorizedtoconductoperationswhenthevisibilityisless
than1,200feetrunwayvisualrange(RVR)
§139.5 Definitions

53. •TheoreticalCriticalFireArea
(TCA)-servesasameansof
categorizingaircraftintermsof
themagnitudeofthepotential
firehazardinwhichtheymay
becomeinvolved.
•PracticalCriticalFireArea
(PCA)–twothirdsoftheTCA
§Miscellaneous Definitions

54. §Miscellaneous Definitions
•ControlTime-thetimerequiredfromthearrivalofthe
firstfirefightingvehicleandthebeginningofagent
dischargetoreducetheinitialintensityofthefireby90
percent.Theequipmentandtechniquestobeusedshould
becapableofcontrollingthefireinthePCAin1minute.
•ExtinguishmentTime-thetimerequiredfromthe
applicationoftheagentofthefirstfirefightingvehicleto
thetimethefireisextinguished.

55. §139.5 Definitions
•RunwaySafetyArea(RSA)–SafetyareasforRunways
are500’wideor250’eithersideoftherunwaycenterline
and1000’beyondeachendoftherunway.
•TaxiwaySafetyArea(TSA)–SafetyAreasforTaxiways
constructedbeforeJanuary1,1988are200’wideor100’
fromthetaxiwaycenterline.TaxiwaySafetyAreasatDFW
constructedafterJanuary1,1988are214’wideor107’
fromthecenterline
•ObstacleFreeZone(OFZ)–avolumeofairspace
centeredabovetherunwaythatis400’wideandextends
200’beyondeachrunwayend.

56. •Indexisdeterminedbyacombinationof-
–Thelengthofaircarrieraircraftandtheaveragedailydeparturesof
aircarrieraircraft.
–Thelongestaircraftwithanaverageoffiveormoredaily
departuresdeterminestheIndexrequiredfortheairport.
•IndexAincludesaircraftlessthan90’
•IndexBincludesaircraft90’–126’
•IndexCincludesaircraft126’–159’
•IndexDincludesaircraft159’–200’
•IndexEincludesaircraftover200’
§139.315 Index Determination

57. •Index A: One vehicle carrying at least―
–500 pounds of sodium-based dry chemical, halon 1211, or clean
agent; or
–450poundsofpotassium-baseddrychemicalandwaterwitha
commensuratequantityofAFFFtototal100gallonsfor
simultaneousdrychemicalandAFFFapplication
§139.317 Equipment and Agents

58. •Index B: Two vehicles―
–Onevehiclecarryingatleast500lbsofsodium-baseddrychemical,
halon1211,orcleanagentor450lbs.ofpotassiumbaseddry
chemical.
–Onevehiclecarryinganamountofwaterandthecommensurate
quantityofAFFFsothetotalquantityofwaterforfoamproduction
carriedbybothvehiclesisatleast1,500gallons.
§139.317 Equipment and Agents

59. •Index C: Three Vehicles
–Onevehiclecarryingatleast500lbsofsodium-baseddrychemical,
halon1211,orcleanagentor450lbs.ofpotassiumbaseddry
chemical.
–Twovehiclescarryinganamountofwaterandthecommensurate
quantityofAFFFsothetotalquantityofwaterforfoamproduction
carriedbybothvehiclesisatleast3,000gallons.
§139.317 Equipment and Agents

60. •Index D: Three vehicles –
–Onevehiclecarryingatleast500lbsofsodium-baseddrychemical,
halon1211,orcleanagentor450lbs.ofpotassiumbaseddry
chemical.
–Twovehiclescarryinganamountofwaterandthecommensurate
ofAFFFsothetotalquantityofwaterforfoamproductioncarried
byallthreevehiclesisatleast4,000gallons.
§139.317 Equipment and Agents

61. •Index E: Three vehicles –
–Onevehiclecarryingatleast500lbsofsodium-baseddrychemical,
halon1211,orcleanagentor450lbs.ofpotassiumbaseddry
chemical.
–Twovehiclescarryinganamountofwaterandthecommensurate
ofAFFFsothetotalquantityofwaterforfoamproductioncarried
byallthreevehiclesisatleast6,000gallons.
§139.317 Equipment and Agents

62. •Foam Discharge Capacity
–Apparatuswithacapacityofatleast500gallonsofwaterforfoam
productionmustbeequippedwithaturret.Vehicleturretdischarge
capacitiesmustbeasfollows:
Water Tank CapacityTurret Discharge Rate
500 –2000 gallons 500 –1000 gpm
> 2000 gallons 600 –1200 gpm
§139.317 Equipment and Agents

63. •Agent Discharge Capacity
–Apparatusthatisrequiredtocarrydrychemical,halon1211,or
cleanagentforcompliancewithIndexrequirementsmustmeetone
ofthefollowingminimumdischargeratesfortheequipment
installed:
Hand Line 5 lbs. per second
Turret 16 lbs. per second
§139.317 Equipment and Agents

64. •AFFF quantity requirements
–EachvehiclerequiredtocarryAFFFmustcarryAFFFinan
appropriateamounttomixwithtwicethewaterrequiredtobe
carriedbythevehicle.
§139.317 Equipment and Agents

65. •Vehicle Communications
–Each vehicle must be equipped with two-way voice radio
communications that provide for contact with at least-
•All other required emergency vehicles
•The air traffic control tower
•Fire stations.
§139.319 Operational Requirements

66. •Vehicle marking and lighting
–Each vehicle must:
•Have a flashing or rotating beacon; and
•Bepaintedormarkedincolorstoenhancecontrastwiththe
backgroundenvironmentandoptimizedaytimeandnighttime
visibilityandidentification
§139.319 Operational Requirements

67. •Vehicle readiness
–Anyrequiredvehiclethatbecomesinoperativetotheextentthatit
cannotperformasrequiredmustbereplacedimmediatelywith
equipmenthavingatleastequalcapabilities.Ifreplacementisnot
availableimmediately,thecertificateholdermustnotifythe
RegionalAirportsDivisionalManagerandeachaircarrierusingthe
airport.Iftherequiredindexlevelofcapabilityisnotrestoredwithin
48hours,theairportoperator,mustlimitaircarrieroperationson
theairporttothosecompatiblewiththeindexcorrespondingtothe
remainingoperativerescueandfirefightingequipment
§139.319 Operational Requirements

68. •Response requirements
–Within3minutesfromthetimeofthealarm,atleastonerequired
aircraftrescueandfirefightingvehiclemustreachthemidpointof
thefarthestrunwayservingaircarrieraircraftfromitsassignedpost
orreachanyotherspecifiedpointofcomparabledistanceonthe
movementareathatisavailabletoaircarriers,andbegin
applicationofextinguishingagent.
–Within4minutesfromthetimeofalarm,allotherrequiredvehicles
mustreachthepointspecifiedabovefromtheirassignedpostsand
beginapplicationofanextinguishingagent.
§139.319 Operational Requirements

69. •Personnel
–Allrescueandfirefightingpersonnelmustparticipateinatleastone
live-firedrillpriortoinitialperformanceofrescueandfirefighting
dutiesandevery12consecutivecalendarmonthsthereafter.
–Atleastoneindividual,whohasbeentrainedandiscurrentin
basicemergencymedicalservices.Trainingmustbeataminimum
40hoursinlengthandcoverthefollowingtopics.
Bleeding Injuries to the skull, spine,
chest and extremities
CPR
Shock Moving patients
Primary patient survey Burns
Internal injuries Triage
§139.319 Operational Requirements

70. Aircraft

71. Length 65’
Wingspan 70’
Fuel (gal) 849
Doors / Emergency Exits2 / 2
Passengers 34
Crew 2 + 1
Battery Location Aft of the wings both sides
Ext. APU Fire Control
SAAB -340

72. Length 89’
Wingspan 89’
Fuel (gal) 1585
Doors / Emergency Exits2 / 2
Passengers 62 -74
Crew 2 + 2
Battery Location Cockpit behind pilot
Ext. APU Fire Controln/a
ATR -72

73. Length 87’
Wingspan 66’
Fuel (gal) 1373
Doors / Emergency Exits2 / 2
Passengers 37
Crew 2 + 1
Battery Location Left side below cockpit
window
Ext. APU Fire Control
Embraer ERJ-135

74. Length 93’
Wingspan 66’
Fuel (gal) 1373
Doors / Emergency Exits2 / 2
Passengers 44
Crew 2 + 1
Battery Location Left side below cockpit
window
Ext. APU Fire Control
Embraer ERJ-140

75. Length 98’
Wingspan 66’
Fuel (gal) 1373
Doors / Emergency Exits2 / 2
Passengers 50
Crew 2 + 1
Battery Location Left side below cockpit
window
Ext. APU Fire Control
Embraer ERJ-145

76. Length 88’
Wingspan 70’
Fuel (gal) 1746
Doors / Emergency Exits2 + 2
Passengers 50
Crew 2 + 1
Battery Location Between radomeand
cockpit window
Ext. APU Fire Control
CRJ-200

77. Length 107’
Wingspan 76’
Fuel (gal) 3034
Doors / Emergency Exits2 + 2
Passengers 70
Crew 2 + 2
Battery Location Between radomeand
cockpit window
Ext. APU Fire Control
CRJ-700

78. Length 119’
Wingspan 82’
Fuel (gal) 2975
Doors / Emergency Exits2 + 4
Passengers 90
Crew 2 + 2
Battery Location Between radomeand
cockpit window
Ext. APU Fire Control
CRJ-900

79. Length 119’
Wingspan 82’
Fuel (gal) 3435
Doors / Emergency Exits2 + 2 or 4
Passengers 90
Crew 2 + 2
Battery Location FWD L-1 Door
Ext. APU Fire ControlFWD of the nose gear
E -170, -175, -190, -195
Embraer ERJ

80. Length 102’ –138’
Wingspan 117’
Fuel (gal) 7,837
Doors / Emergency Exits4 / 4
Passengers 148 -189
Crew 2 + 3
Battery Location Fwd E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlRight Wheel Well
Boeing 737
600/700/800/900

81. Length 103’ –146’
Wingspan 112’
Fuel (gal) 7,842
Doors / Emergency Exits4 / 2 -4
Passengers 100 -220
Crew 2 + 3
Battery Location FWD of the nose gear
Ext. APU Fire ControlAFT of the nose gear
Airbus
A318, A319, A320, A321

82. Length 105’ –133’
Wingspan 90’ -94’
Fuel (gal) 4260
Doors / Emergency Exits2 + 1 (Rear) / 4
Passengers 80 -139
Crew 2 + 2
Battery Location Fwd E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlLeft Rear Fuselage
Douglas DC-9

83. Boeing 717
Length 124’
Wingspan 94’
Fuel (gal) 4400
Doors / Emergency Exits2 + 1 (Rear) / 4
Passengers 106 -117
Crew 2 + 2
Battery Location Fwd E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlLeft Rear Fuselage

84. Length 130’ –147’
Wingspan 107’
Fuel (gal) 5,840
Doors / Emergency Exits4 + 1 (Rear) / 4
Passengers 130 -172
Crew 2 + 3
Battery Location Fwd E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlLeft Rear Fuselage
MD -80 Series

85. Length 153’
Wingspan 108’
Fuel (gal) 9,806
Doors / Emergency Exits4 + 1 (Rear) / 4
Passengers 149 -189
Crew 3 + 2
Battery Location Fwd E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlLeft Wheel Well
Boeing 727

86. Length 155’
Wingspan 125’
Fuel (gal) 12,115
Doors / Emergency Exits6 / 2 -6
Passengers 192 -239
Crew 2 + 3
Battery Location Fwd E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlNose Gear
Boeing 757

87. Length 150’
Wingspan 142’
Fuel (gal) 17,500
Doors / Emergency Exits4 / 4
Passengers 192 -239
Crew 3
Battery Location Right Wheel Well
Ext. APU Fire Control
Douglas DC-8

88. Length 159’ –201’
Wingspan 156’ –170’
Fuel (gal) 23,980
Doors / Emergency Exits8 / 4
Passengers 181 -375
Crew 2 + 6
Battery Location Fwd E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlNose Gear
Boeing 767

89. Length 177’
Wingspan 147’
Fuel (gal) 16,380
Doors / Emergency Exits6 / 2
Passengers 220 -375
Crew 2 + 10 -12
Battery Location FWD of the nose gear
Ext. APU Fire ControlAFT of the nose gear
Airbus A300

90. Length 153’
Wingspan 144’
Fuel (gal) 14,603
Doors / Emergency Exits4 / 2
Passengers 240
Crew 2 + 6 -8
Battery Location FWD of the nose gear
Ext. APU Fire ControlAFT of the nose gear
Airbus A310

91. Length 164’ –178’
Wingspan 155’ –164’
Fuel (gal) 31,600
Doors / Emergency Exits8
Passengers 234 -263
Crew 3 + 8
Battery Location Behind lower galley
Ext. APU Fire ControlMid ship under belly
Lockheed L-1011

92. Length 182’
Wingspan 155’ –165’
Fuel (gal) 36,650
Doors / Emergency Exits8
Passengers 237 -290
Crew 2 + 8
Battery Location Center E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlMid-Ship Under Belly
McDonnell Douglas DC-10

93. Length 192’ –208’
Wingspan 198’
Fuel (gal) 36,750
Doors / Emergency Exits8
Passengers 253 -335
Crew 2 + 6 -8
Battery Location FWD of the nose gear
Ext. APU Fire ControlAFT of the nose gear
Airbus A330

94. Length 194 -247
Wingspan 197 -208
Fuel (gal) 54,023
Doors / Emergency Exits8 / 2
Passengers 239 -380
Crew 2 + 6 -8
Battery Location FWD of the nose gear
Ext. APU Fire ControlAFT of the nose gear
Airbus A340

95. McDonnell Douglas MD-11
Length 201’
Wingspan 170’
Fuel (gal) 38,615
Doors / Emergency Exits8
Passengers 250 -400
Crew 2 + 8
Battery Location Center E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlMid-Ship Under Belly

96. Length 209’ –242’
Wingspan 199’ –212’
Fuel (gal) 53,515
Doors / Emergency Exits8 / 2
Passengers 301 -550
Crew 2 + 8
Battery Location Fwd E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlNose Gear
Boeing 777

97. Length 186’ –206’
Wingspan 170’ –208’
Fuel (gal) 36,693
Doors / Emergency Exits8
Passengers 290 -330
Crew 2 + 8
Battery Location Fwd E&E Compartment
Ext. APU Fire ControlNose Gear ?
Boeing 787

98. Length 232’ –250’
Wingspan 196’ –225’
Fuel (gal) 63,705
Doors / Emergency Exits8
Passengers 366 -524
Crew 2 -3 + 2 -8
Battery Location Fwd E & E
Ext. APU Fire ControlRight Wheel Well
Boeing 747

99. Airbus 380
Crew 2
Length 240’
Wingspan 262’
Passengers 555 -853
Fuel 81,890
Battery Location
Ext APU Fire Control

100. Aircraft -Rules of Thumb

101. Regional Jets
•Embraer –ERJ 135, 145, 170/75, 190
•Bombardier –CRJ 200, 600, 700, 900
•Crew -2
•Passengers -< 100
–ERJ –Passenger Capacity is last two numbers
of model.
–CRJ –Passenger capacity is first two numbers
of model (except CRJ 200 has 40 passengers)
•Fuel –2000 –2500 gallons
•Master Switch –Middle top panel
•Batteries –Left Side or Top Front

102. Narrow Body Aircraft
•Airbus –A319, 320, 321
•Boeing –717, 727, 737, 757
•DC-9
•MD-80 thru MD 90
•Crew -2
•Passengers -<200
•Fuel –5,000 –10,000 gallons
•Batteries –Fwd E&E compartment
NOTE -757 follows wide body rules

103. Wide Body Aircraft
•Airbus –A300/310, 330/340
•Boeing –747 , 767, 777, 787
•DC-10, L-1011, MD-11
•Crew -2
•Passengers ->200
•Fuel –>10,000 gallons
•Batteries –Fwd E&E compartment (on old
wide body aircraft located fwd of main gear
in middle)
NOTE-Boeing 747 Series 100, 200, 300 –crew of 3

104. Aircraft System IdentificationROCKET
CATALYST
ROCKET
CATALYST
ROCKET
CATALYST
ROCKET
CATALYST BREATHING
OXYGEN
BREATHING
OXYGEN
BREATHING
OXYGEN
BREATHING
OXYGEN COOLANT
COOLANT
COOLANT
COOLANT FIRE
PROTECTION
FIRE
PROTECTION
FIRE
PROTECTION
FIRE
PROTECTION SOLVENT
SOLVENT
SOLVENT
SOLVENT DE-ICING
DE-ICING
DE-ICING
DE-ICING
DE-ICING
DE-ICING
DE-ICING
DE-ICING AIR
CONDITION
AIR
CONDITION
AIR
CONDITION
AIR
CONDITION FUEL
FUEL
FUEL
FUEL MONO
PROPELLANT
MONO
PROPELLANT
MONO
PROPELLANT
MONO
PROPELLANT PNEUMATIC
PNEUMATIC
PNEUMATIC
PNEUMATIC INERTING
INERTING
INERTING
INERTING ELECTRICAL
CONDUIT
ELECTRICAL
CONDUIT
ELECTRICAL
CONDUIT
ELECTRICAL
CONDUIT COMPRESSED
GAS
COMPRESSED
GAS
COMPRESSED
GAS
COMPRESSED
GAS
HYDRAULIC
HYDRAULIC
HYDRAULIC
HYDRAULIC
LUBRICATION
LUBRICATION
LUBRICATION
LUBRICATION
WATER
INJECTION
WATER
INJECTION
WATER
INJECTION
WATER
INJECTION
ROCKET
FUEL
ROCKET
FUEL
ROCKET
FUEL
ROCKET
FUEL
INSTRUMENT
AIR
INSTRUMENT
AIR
INSTRUMENT
AIR
INSTRUMENT
AIR
ROCKET
OXIDIZER
ROCKET
OXIDIZER
ROCKET
OXIDIZER
ROCKET
OXIDIZER

105. Aviation Fuels

106. Characteristics of Aviation Fuels
Type Flash PointAuto Ignition TemperatureFlame Spread
Avgas-49°F n/a 700 –800 ft/min
Jet A100°F 475°F -500°F 100 ft/min
Jet B-10°F 470°F -480°F 700 –800 ft/min

107. Communications

108. UniversalLightGunSignals
Cleared to proceed
STOP!
Clear Runway / Taxiway
Return to starting point
Exercise extreme caution

109. EmergencyHandSignals
RecommendEvacuation-Armextendedfrom
body,andheldhorizontalwithhandupraisedat
eyelevel.Executebeckoningarmmotion
angledbackward.Non-beckoningarmheld
againstbody.
Night -same with wands.

110. EmergencyHandSignals
RecommendStop–Armsinfrontofhead–
Crossedatwrists.
Night -same with wands.

111. EmergencyHandSignals
EmergencyContained–Armsextended
outwardanddownata45degreeangle.Arms
movedinwardbelowwaistlinesimultaneously
untilwristscrossed,thenextendedoutwardto
startingposition(umpire’s“safe”signal).
Night -same with wands.

112. AOAFrequencies
West Tower 124.15
West Ground 121.85
13R/31L 134.9
DEF 135.7
East Tower 126.55
East Ground121.65
121.80
13L/31R
17L/35R
127.5
East Side West Side

113. ICAO Phonetic Alphabet
A –Alpha J -Juliett S -Sierra
B -Bravo K –Kilo T -Tango
C -Charlie L -Lima U -Uniform
D -Delta M -Mike V -Victor
E -Echo N -November W -Whiskey
F -Foxtrot O –Oscar X –X-ray
G -Golf P -Papa Y -Yankee
H -Hotel Q -Quebec Z -Zulu
I -India R -Romeo