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1. Algorithms Introduction to Algorithms What is an Algorithm? Importance of Algorithms in Computer Science

2. Characteristics of Algorithms 1. Unambiguous 2. Well-defined inputs and outputs 3. Finite steps 4. Effectiveness 5. Language-independent

3. Types of Algorithms 1. Searching Algorithms (Linear Search, Binary Search) 2. Sorting Algorithms (Bubble Sort, Insertion Sort, Merge Sort) 3. Recursive Algorithms 4. Greedy Algorithms 5. Dynamic Programming

4. Flowcharts and Pseudocode Understanding flowcharts Pseudocode basics Example: Algorithm for adding two numbers

5. Example: Linear Search Algorithm 1. Start 2. Input array and target element 3. Compare each element 4. If found, return index 5. If not found, return -1 6. End

6. Example: Bubble Sort Algorithm 1. Start 2. Repeat until the array is sorted 3. Compare adjacent elements 4. Swap if out of order 5. Repeat for all elements 6. End

7. Algorithm Efficiency Time Complexity (Big O Notation) Space Complexity Best, Worst, and Average Cases

8. Applications of Algorithms 1. AI and Machine Learning 2. Data Compression 3. Network Routing 4. Cybersecurity 5. Robotics

9. Conclusion Recap of algorithms and their importance Practice writing and optimizing algorithms Use real-world problems to improve algorithmic thinking