All about Passive agglutination

Please comment if u like.. :-)
Just google slideshare sciblack to get my other presentations..
Enjoy learning.. :-)

1. PASSIVE AGGLUTINATION GROUP-K

2. What is passive agglutination? What are various types of passive agglutination tests? AREAS OF INTERESTS…

3. LET’S GET STARTED… What is agglutination? Particulate antigen + its specific antibody Electrolytes at an optimal temperature and pH Visible clumping of particles

4. LET’S GET STARTED… What is precipitation reaction? Soluble antigen + its specific antibody Electrolytes at an optimal temperature and pH Insoluble precipitate

5. LET’S GET STARTED… And what is Passive Agglutination?? Precipitation reaction Agglutination tests converted By attaching soluble antigens to the surface of carrier particles such as latex particles, bentonite , RBCs, etc.

6. ADVANTAGES OF PASSIVE AGGLUTINATION Advantage of Passive agglutination over precipitation tests are: More convenient More sensitive for detection of antibodies More sensitive for detection of antigens (Reverse passive)

7. REVERSE IS POSSIBLE… When instead of antigen, the antibody is adsorbed on the carrier particles for estimation of antigens, it is known as Reverse passive agglutination

8. LATEX (0.8-1µ) ANTIBODY LATEX LATEX LATEX LATEX ANTIGEN (in patient serum) LATTICE FORMATION REVERSE PASSIVE AGGLUTINATION…

9. Simplifying the course of study...

10. COAGGLUTINATION TEST Staphylococcus aureus (Cowan 1 strain) used

11. COAGGLUTINATION TEST S.Aureus (Cowan 1) Fc Fab Fab ANTIBODY ( IgG ) ANTIGEN (in patient sreum ) PROTEIN A Y

12. COAGGLUTINATION TEST S.Aureus (Cowan 1) ANTIBODY ( IgG ) S.Aureus (Cowan 1) ANTIGEN (in patient sreum ) LATTICE FORMATION S.Aureus (Cowan 1) S.Aureus (Cowan 1) S.Aureus (Cowan 1) PROTEIN A How it works?

13. LATEX AGGLUTINATION TEST... The carrier particle is Latex or polystyrene latex Brains behind this: C M Plotz and J M Singer Accidently discovered IgG adsorbed naturally to polystyrene latex particles ( 1953 )

14. LATEX AGGLUTINATION TEST... How it works? LATEX (0.8-1µ) Antigen LATEX LATEX LATEX LATEX LATTICE FORMATION ANTIBODY ANTIGEN

15. LATEX AGGLUTINATION TEST- USES Carrier + Antibody - detection of antigens- CRP,RA factor, HCG, Hepatitis B Carrier + Antigen- antibodies to meningococci , H.influenzae type b

16. Large number of antigens can adsorbed on carrier Better visualization of Ag- Ab reaction due to larger particle size of Latex beads preventing previous cumbersome process involved in precipitation reactions ( no sophisticated equipments required ) Latex particles do not cross-react with other antibodies Less time consuming LATEX AGGLUTINATION TEST- ADVANTAGES

17. HEMAGGLUTINATION TEST The carrier particle is Red Blood Cell/Tanned blood cell (Goose RBCs preferred) Brain behind this: George Hirst (1942)

18. HEMAGGLUTINATION TEST... How it works? RBC Antigen RBC LATTICE FORMATION ANTIBODY ANTIGEN RBC RBC RBC

19. HEMAGGLUTINATION TEST- Examplified by Rose Waaler Test (Carrier-RBC ) RBC Amboceptor ( subagglutinating dose) RBC LATTICE FORMATION RA FACTOR (in patient serum) AMBOCEPTOR (Rabbit anti-sheep erythrocyte antibody) RBC RBC RBC

20. HEMAGGLUTINATION TEST- Examplified by TPHA (Carrier-Tanned RBC ) Tanned RBC Antigen ( T.pallidum extract) TannedRBC LATTICE FORMATION ANTIBODIES against T.pallidum (in patient serum) ANTIGEN ( T.pallidum extract) TannedRBC TannedRBC TannedRBC

21. VIRAL HEMAGGLUTINATION AND HEMAGGLUTINATION INHIBITION TEST What is Viral Hemagglutination ? RBC Virus RBC LATTICE FORMATION VIRUS RBC RBC RBC

22. VIRAL HEMAGGLUTINATION AND HEMAGGLUTINATION INHIBITION TEST What is Hemagglutination inhibition ? Virus NO LATTICE FORMATION VIRUS RBC Ab against VIRUS RBC RBC

23. AGGLUTINATION TESTS IN OUR LAB IN A BIRD’S EYE VIEW

24. LET’S END BY LOOKING AT RECENT ADVANCES Determination of anti- streptolysin O antibody titer by a new passive agglutination method using sensitized toraysphere particles .

25. THANK YOU References from: Anantnarayan and Paniker’s Textbook of microbiology C.P. Baweja’s Textbook of Microbiology Subhash Chandra Parija’s Textbook of microbiology and Immunology American Society for microbiolgy -Journal of Clinical Microbiology