Alopecia.pptx

ALOPECIA

1. TOPIC-ALOPECIA BY- SHREYA YADAV NURSING TUTOR MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING REGENCY INSTITUTE OF NURSING

2. Alopecia   INTRODUCTION: Alopecia is the medical term for hair loss. Hair loss may occur naturally or it may be related to disease or the use of certain medications. DEFINITION: Alopecia is defined as the loss of hair from areas where hair normally grows. Partial or complete baldness or loss of hair.

3. TYPES OF Alopecia Androgenic alopecia (Male pattern baldness)- It causes you to lose hair on the skin covering your head (scalp), and your hair doesn’t grow back . Alopecia Areata- Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease that causes patchy hair loss. It affects the hair on the skin that covers your head (scalp). Traction Alopecia- It is a type of hair loss caused by the hair being pulled in the same way for a long time.

4. 4. Talogen Alopecia: Telogen effluvium is a type of temporary hair loss caused by a stressor. 5. Anagen Alopecia: Anagen effluvium is a form of diffuse hair loss that is triggered by chemotherapeutic-based destruction of hair follicles, leading to rapid, diffuse hair loss.

5. Etiology Exposure to allergens, irritants, toxins, burns, injuries, and infections. Certain medications (especially steroids) Chronic kidney failure Radiation and chemotherapy Malnutrition

6. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

7. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION History Collection Physical Examination: A dermatologist examines your scalp to check for inflammation, redness, sores, or scarring. Fungal Culture: P resence of a fungus in hair or scalp cells. Biopsy Blood Tests: To asses about the iron deficiency.

8. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT MEDICAL MANAGEMENT: Finasteride : It acts   by preventing the hormone testosterone being converted to the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT).   Minoxidil:   Minoxidil   is available as a lotion you rub on your scalp every day. It helps in regrowth. Tretinoin : Used in the form of gel in hair loss area for good hair growth. Immunosuppressive drugs

9. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT: Hair transplantation :- is a surgical technique that removes hair follicles from one part of the body, called the 'donor site', to a bald or balding part of the body known as the 'recipient site'. Follicular unit :- It is a hair restoration technique, also known as the strip procedure, where a patient's hair is transplanted in naturally occurring groups of 1 to 4 hairs, called follicular units.

10. NURSING MANAGEMENT: Provide a safe and non-judgmental environment for the patient to express their feelings and concerns related to hair loss. Encourage the patient to explore alternative hairstyles, headscarves, wigs. Encourage the patient to participate in activities and events where they feel comfortable and supported. Educate the patient and their caregivers about alopecia, including the causes, different types, and available treatment options.