Ameloblastoma_Presentation.Oral pathology.ppt

Ameloblastoma oral path

1. Ameloblastoma Prepared by: [Your Name] Department of Dentistry

2. Contents Introduction Definition Epidemiology Etiology / Pathogenesis Classification Clinical Features Radiographic Features Histopathology Variants Differential Diagnosis Treatment / Management Prognosis & Recurrence Conclusion References

3. Introduction Odontogenic tumor of epithelial origin. Benign but locally aggressive. Commonly affects mandible more than maxilla.

4. Definition Ameloblastoma is a benign, slow-growing, locally aggressive epithelial odontogenic tumor.

5. Epidemiology Occurs most commonly in 3rd-5th decade of life. Slight male predilection. Mandible (molar-ramus area) > Maxilla.

6. Etiology / Pathogenesis Originates from remnants of odontogenic epithelium. Genetic mutations and signaling pathway alterations. Local expansion without metastasis.

7. Classification Solid / Multicystic ameloblastoma Unicystic ameloblastoma Peripheral ameloblastoma Desmoplastic variant

8. Clinical Features Painless swelling and facial asymmetry. Tooth mobility and displacement. Cortical bone expansion and thinning.

9. Radiographic Features Unilocular or multilocular radiolucency ('soap-bubble' appearance). Cortical thinning, root resorption. Well-defined margins with sclerotic border.

10. Histopathology Follicular pattern: islands of epithelium in connective tissue. Plexiform pattern: interconnecting strands of odontogenic epithelium. Acanthomatous and granular cell variants.

11. Variants Solid / Multicystic – most common, high recurrence rate. Unicystic – seen in younger patients, less aggressive. Peripheral – extraosseous, rare. Desmoplastic – occurs in anterior jaws, mixed radiolucent-radiopaque appearance.

12. Differential Diagnosis Odontogenic keratocyst Ameloblastic fibroma Odontogenic myxoma Central giant cell granuloma

13. Treatment / Management Enucleation and curettage – unicystic type. Resection with safety margins – solid/multicystic type. Reconstruction of jaw after resection. Regular follow-up to monitor recurrence.

14. Prognosis & Recurrence Benign with excellent prognosis after complete excision. Solid/multicystic types have higher recurrence (up to 50-90%). Unicystic type has lower recurrence (10-15%). Long-term follow-up recommended.

15. Conclusion Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive odontogenic tumor. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment are key. Histopathological evaluation guides management. Follow-up is critical to prevent recurrence.

16. References Shafer’s Textbook of Oral Pathology. Sturdevant’s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry. Neville, Damm, Allen, Bouquot – Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology.