Amoebotaenia cuneata A.sphenoides

classification morphology lifecycle diagnosis and treatment of Amoebotaenia sphenoides

1. AMOEBOTAENIA CUNEATA PREPARED BY : PRATIK GAUTAM B.Vsc . & A.H, 3 rd semester IAAS, Paklihawa campus (A.SPHENOIDES)

2. TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: Cestoda Order: Cyclophyllidea Family: Dilepididae Genus: Amoebotaenia Species: cuneata

3. LOCATION AND HOST Geographical distribution: occurs throughout the world Location in definitive host: small intestine Definitive host: domestic fowl & other gallinaceous birds Intermediate host : Earthworms, particularly Allolobophora , Ocnerodrilus and Pheretima species

4. DEFINITIVE HOST

5. INTERMEDIATE HOST

6. MORPHOLOGY A small tapeworm, up to 4.0 mm long, with up to 20 proglottids . It is roughly triangular in shape Armed rostellum with single row of 12-14 hooks Irregularly alternate genital pore at extreme anterior end of proglottid margin Sac like uterus and slightly lobed Testis 12-20 per proglottid

7. MORPHOLOGY

8. EGG eggs are almost spherical and reach about 35 microns in diameter

9. LIFE CYCLE Earthworms feed on gravid segments passed with faeces of fowl. Egg develops into cysticercoid inside body cavity of earthworm in 14 days Fowl feed on such earthworms and acquire infection. Prepatent period is 4 weeks Fowls acquire infections frequently after rains when earthworms come to surface

10. LIFE CYCLE

11. PATHOGENESIS This species is not usually harmful unless infection is heavy Light infections may cause decrease in production In case of heavy infection of over 200 parasites/ bird it causes enteritis sometimes hemorrhagic.

12. DIAGNOSIS Presence of A. cuneata can be done by detection of gravid proglottid in faeces. It should be done in fresh faeces as proglottids rapidly migrate out. Diagnosis also can be made at necrospy

13. TREATMENT Butynorate (75-150mg/kg) Niclosamide Hexochlorophen Praziquntel Albendazole Febendazole Benzimedazole

14. CONTROL Treatment should always be associated with control measures against intermediate host. Controlling earthworms is difficult to achieve, alternation of rangeland might help

15. REFERENCES Soulsby,E.J.L ., Helminths , Arthopods and Protozoa of domesticated Animals, 7 th edition, 2012 Affiliated east west press Pvt Ltd MA taylor , R.L. coop, R.L.Wall , Veterinary Parasitology , Blackwell publishing Images copied from various sites and slideshare presentations

16. THANK YOU