An Overview of the Human Nervous System.pptx

An overview of the human nervous system.

1. Overview of The Nervous System Dr Surya Nagvanshi BHMS, MHA

2. Nervous System Overview Nervous system controls all the functions of the body. It’s quicker than other control system of body, namely endocrine system. Primarily nervous system is divided into two parts: Central Nervous System (CNS) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

3. Central Nervous System CNS: Brain and spinal cord Structure of brain and spinal cord are arranged into two layers: grey matter and white matter Grey matter: formed of nerve cell bodies and proximal parts of nerve fibres arising from nerve cell bodies White matter: formed by remaining part of nerve fiber In brain: white matter is the inner part and grey matter is the outer part In spinal cord grey matter is the inner part and white matter is the outer part

4. CNS Brain is situated in the skull Continued as spinal cord in the vertebral canal through foramen magnum of the skull bone Brain and spinal cord are surrounded by three layers of meninges: Outer: dura mater Middle: arachnoid mater Inner: pia mater Space between arachnoid mater and pia mater is called subarachnoid space and is filled with a fluid called cerebrospinal fluid Brain and spinal cord are actually suspended in the cerebrospinal fluid

5. CNS Part of brain: Prosencephalon (forebrain) Mesencephalon (midbrain) Rhombencephalon (hindbrain) Procencephalon : Telencephalon: Cerebral hemispheres Basal ganglia Hippocampus Amygdaloid nucleus Diencephalon: Thalamus Hypothalamus Metathalamus Subthalamus

6. CNS Mesencephalon Rhombencephalon Metencephalon Pons Cerebellum Myelencephalon Medulla oblongata

7. Peripheral Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is formed by neurons and their processes present in all regions of the body. It consists of Cranial Nerves arising from brain and spinal nerves arising from spinal cord. It is again divided into two subdivisions: Somatic Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System: Sympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System

8. PNS Somatic Nervous System: Somatic nervous system is concerned with somatic functions. It includes the nerves supplying the skeletal muscles. Somatic nervous system is responsible for muscular activities and movements of the body. Autonomic Nervous System: Autonomic nervous system is concerned with visceral and vegetative functions. So it is otherwise called vegetative or involuntary nervous system. Autonomic nervous system consists of two divisions, sympathetic division and parasympathetic division.