Animal and plant based Khashayas details , bacteria and virus based–BT, NPV lecture 6-9.pptx

Animal and plant based Khashayas details , bacteria and virus based–BT, NPV l

1. DOA-161 PRODUCTION AND UTILAZATION OF TRADITIONAL ORGANICS FOR CROP PRODUCTION Credits: - 2(1+1) Lecture 6-9 Animal and plant based - details from ix to xv, bacteria and virus based–BT, NPV. Rajavardhan Gandla

2. DASHAPATRA KASHAYAM: MATERIALS REQUIRED: 1) Neem leaves 0.5kg 2) Tobacco leaves 0.5kg 3) wild tulsi 0.5kg 4) bogan villiya 5) tulsi 6) aloevera 7) palakodhisa 8) papaya leaves 9) thuthura bhenda ( abutilan indicam ) 10) cow urine 5lit 11) water 2lit 12) 10lit pot 13) 100grm soap nuts solution. Rajavardhan Gandla

3. Method of preparation: Grind all the leaves which are listed above Take them into a cloth and transver this into a pot which contains 5lit of cow urine and 2lit of water Leave it for 10 days. Mix the solution thoroughly morning and evening At the time of spraying add 100grm soap nuts solution.At the time of spraying dilute 1lit of solution in 10lit of water. Result: The alkaloids present in these leaves will control most of pest and disesses Rajavardhan Gandla

4. PANCHAPATRA KASHAYAM: MATERIALS REQUIRED: 1) NEEM LEAVES.1KG 2) SEETHAPHALAKU (LEAVES OF CUSTARD APPLE) 0.5kg 3) NIRGUNDI (VAVILAAKU) 1kg 4) PUDINA(MINT LEAVES) 1kg 5) KANUGAAKU SOLUTION:(PONGOM , PONGAMIA PINNATE) 1kg 6) PALAKODINA.0.5kg 7) BILVAM(BEL TREE, AEGLE MARMELOS)1kg 8) CORIANDER.0.5kg 9) VISHAMUSHTI(AGERATUM CONYZOIDES)0.5kg 10) NEREDU(SYNZYGIUM CUMINI,BLACK PLUM)0.5kg 11) NELAVEMU(KALMEGH,GREENCHIRAYTA,ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA)0.5kg 12) THANGEDU(SENNA AURICULATA)1kg 13)EUCALYPTUS(GUMTREE)1kg 14)ATHAAKODALAKU(LANTANACAMARA)1kg 15)20lit POT 16)10lit WATER 17)100grm SOAP NUT SOLUTION Rajavardhan Gandla

5. NEEM ( Azadirachta indica ) Azadirachta indica Rajavardhan Gandla

6. Rajavardhan Gandla

7. Seethaphal leaves ( Annona reticulata ) Rajavardhan Gandla

8. NIRGUNDI ( Vitex negundo ). Rajavardhan Gandla

9. Mint ( Mentha   spicata ) Rajavardhan Gandla

10. KANUGAAKU ( Pongamia pinnate) Rajavardhan Gandla

11. BILVAM (BEL TREE) ( Aegle marmelos ) Rajavardhan Gandla

12. BILVAM (BEL TREE) ( Aegle marmelos ) Rajavardhan Gandla

13. Coriander ( Coriandrum sativum ) Rajavardhan Gandla

14. VISHAMUSHTI ( Ageratum conyzodes ) Rajavardhan Gandla

15. NEREDU ( Synzygium cumini ) (BLACK PLUM) Rajavardhan Gandla

16. NELAVEMU (KALMEGH,GREENCHIRAYTA) ( Andrographis paniculata ) Rajavardhan Gandla

17. Senna auriculata Rajavardhan Gandla

18. Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus ) Rajavardhan Gandla

19. Lantana ( Lantana camara ) Rajavardhan Gandla

20. Method of preparation: select any 5 plant leaves from above. grind the leaves than transver into a pot containing 10lit of water leave it one night. boil it for 1 hour filter it and add 100grm SOAP NUT solution.0.5lit solution will be diluted in 10lit of water Result: The alkaloids present in these leaves will control most of pest and disesses Rajavardhan Gandla

21. POGAKU KASHAYAM(tobacco leaves solution): MATERIALS REQUIRED: 1) TOBACCO LEAVES 1KG 2) 100grm SOAP NUT SOLUTION 3)10lit of water Rajavardhan Gandla

22. Continue.. Method of preparation: Take tobacco leaves and make them into small pieces. And soak into water for 1 hour. Add 10lit of water to tobacco leaves and boil it for one hour Filter the solution .and add 100grm SOAP NUT SOLUTION at the time of spraying Result: it will be affectively used for sucking pest. Instructions: it should be used only at onse in crop period. over dose will have adverse affects. Rajavardhan Gandla

23. PACHHI MIRCHI- VELLULLI DRAVANAM: MATERIALS REQUIRED: 1) green chilli -3kg 2) garlic-0.5kg 3) kerosene-1/4 lit 4)100grm SOAP NUT SOLUTION Rajavardhan Gandla

24. Chilli ( Capsicum frutescens ) Rajavardhan Gandla

25. Garlic ( Allium sativum ) Rajavardhan Gandla

26. kerosene Rajavardhan Gandla

27. Sapindus (soap nuts) Rajavardhan Gandla

28. Continue.. Method of preparation: Take 3kg of greenchilli and grind it , and take garlic-0.5kg and grind it Take chilli into a cloth and keep it in a drum containing 10lit of water for whole night Take that garlic paste into acloth and keep it in adrum containing kerosene Filter both the solutions. and mix them add 100grm SOAP NUT SOLUTION at the time of spraying 10lit solution diluted with 100lit of water for 1 acre Precautions: wear mask at the time of spraying and cover body with proper dress,and apply oil to body. Result: it will control helicoverpa , spodoptera , semi looper , red hairy catter piller . Rajavardhan Gandla

29. Helicoverpa armigera Rajavardhan Gandla

30. Spodoptera litura , otherwise known as the tobacco cutworm or cotton leafworm Rajavardhan Gandla

31. Semi looper Rajavardhan Gandla

32. Red hairy caterpillar Rajavardhan Gandla

33. Pachhi mirchi –vepa- vellulli-pogaku dravanam: MATERIALS REQUIRED: 1) TOBACCO LEAVES -1kg 2) GARLIC -0.5kg 3) GREEN CHILLI-1kg 4) COW URINE-5lit 5) NEEM LEAVES-2kg 6) WATER-100lit Rajavardhan Gandla

34. Chilli ( Capsicum frutescens ) Rajavardhan Gandla

35. NEEM ( Azadirachta indica ) Azadirachta indica Rajavardhan Gandla

36. Garlic ( Allium sativum ) Rajavardhan Gandla

37. Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) Rajavardhan Gandla

38. Continue.. Method of preparation: Grind thoroughly tobacco leaves, garlic, green chilli and neem leaves to this For 10 days keep this into cowurine Stir the solution daily Filter the solution after 10 days Mix 10lit of solution with 100lit of water Result: it will control red hairy catterpillar , helicoverpa , semilooper , spodoptera . Precautions: wear mask at the time of spraying,and cover body with proper dress,and apply oil to body. Rajavardhan Gandla

39. NEEMASTRAM: MATERIALS REQUIRED: For 1acre 1) 200lit OF WATER 2) COW DUNG 2kg 3) COW URINE 10lit 4) NEEM LEAVES 10kg Rajavardhan Gandla

40. Continue.. Method of preparation: Take 10kg neem leaves and grind it , transver them into a drum capacity of 200lit And than transver 10lit of cow urine and add 2kg of cow dung and add water than mix all thoroughly.leave it for 2 days mix it properly morning and evening daily. Filter the solution and dilute with water and spray in the field. Result: it will control all types eggs ,larva, pupas and sucking pest Rajavardhan Gandla

41. BRAHMASTRAM: MATERIALS REQUIRED: 1)10-15lit OF COW URINE 2) NEEM LEAVES -3kg 3) SEETHAPHALAKU (LEAVES OF CUSTARD APPLE)-2kg 4) KANUGAAKU (PONGOM , Pongamia pinnate)-2kg 5)ATHAAKODALAKU(Lantana camera)-2kg 6) JAMA AAKU (GUVA LEAVES)-2kg Rajavardhan Gandla

42. Continue.. Method of preparation: Take 10-15lit of cow urine in to a bowl Grind all the leaves which stated above Boil the cow urine drop these into cow urine at the time of boiling After 48 hours it will be use full for spraying Filter the solution and spray it. It have storage capacity upto 6months. Result: depend on requirement 2.5lit will diluted with 200lit of water and spray in the field. It will affectively control helicoverpa , stem borer, catterpiller . Rajavardhan Gandla

43. Helicoverpa armigera Rajavardhan Gandla

44. Stem borer Rajavardhan Gandla

45. caterpillars Rajavardhan Gandla

46. Agnastram : Materials required: 1) cow urine-10 to 15 lit 2) tobacco leaves -0.5kg 3) green chilli-2kg 4)garlic -0.5kg 5) neem leaves -5kg Rajavardhan Gandla

47. Continue.. Method of preparation: Take cow urine in abowl and add grinded tobacco leaves, green chilli,garlic Boil it for 1 hour After 48 hours it will ready for spraying Filter the solution It will have storage capacity upto 3months Result: depend on requirement for 1 acre 2.5lit solution diluted with 200lit of water for spraying. It will control all type of pest and diseases. Rajavardhan Gandla

48. Bacillus thuringiensis (or Bt) BT: Bacillus thuringiensis (or Bt) is a Gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, commonly used as a biological pesticide. B. thuringiensis also occurs naturally in the gut of caterpillars of various types of moths and butterflies, as well on leaf surfaces, aquatic environments, animal feces, insect-rich environments, and flour mills and grain-storage facilities. It has also been observed to parasitize other moths such as Cadra calidella —in laboratory experiments working with C. calidella , many of the moths were diseased due to this parasite. During sporulation , many Bt strains produce crystal proteins ( proteinaceous inclusions), called δ- endotoxins , that have insecticidal action. This has led to their use as insecticides, and more recently to genetically modified crops using Bt genes, such as Bt corn. Many crystal-producing Bt strains, though, do not have insecticidal properties.The subspecies israelensis is commonly used for control of mosquitoes and of fungus gnats. Rajavardhan Gandla

49.   Cadra . calidella Rajavardhan Gandla

50. NPV The polyhedral capsid from which the virus gets its name is an extremely stable protein crystal that protects the virus in the external environment. It dissolves in the alkaline midgut of moths and butterflies to release the virus particle and infect the larva. An example of an insect that it infects is the fall webworm. NPV was once listed by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses as a subgenus of Eubaculovirinae , but the term now refers to 35 species of the genus Baculoviridae —mostly alphabaculoviruses , but also one deltabaculovirus and two gammabaculoviruses . Rajavardhan Gandla

51. fall webworm Rajavardhan Gandla

52. Applications Lymantria dispar (commonly known as the gypsy moth), a serious pest of forest trees, has been successfully contained by releasing gypsy moth baculovirus (NPV) preparations. Certain species of sawfly ( Neodiprion sertifer , N. lecontei , N. pratti pratti , etc.), have also been successfully controlled by NPV treatments specific to them. Members of the genus Heliothis —cosmopolitan insects that attack at least 30 food- and fibre yielding crop plants—have been controlled by the application of Baculovirus heliothis . In 1975, the United States Environmental Protection Agency registered the B. heliothis preparations. NPV preparations have also been used commercially against pests such as Trichoplusia (under the biotrol -VTN brand name) and the cotton leafworm (under the biotrol -VSE brand name). Rajavardhan Gandla

53. Lymantria dispar Rajavardhan Gandla

54. Cabbage looper ( Trichoplusia ) Rajavardhan Gandla

55. THANK YOU Rajavardhan Gandla