Animation-Week-1-Qtr-5-Principles of Animation

Principles of Animation

1. PRINCIPLES and CONCEPTS of ANIMATION

2. Principles and concepts of animation Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas introduced 12 principles of animation and now become widely recognized as a theoretical basis of all artists working on animated video production.

3. Principles and concepts of animation 1) Squash and Stretch – it is the most fundamental principle. Like what will happens before a ball hits the ground stretches its body. The force of the motion squashes the ball flat, but because an object needs to maintain its volume, it also widens on impact. This effects given animation an elastic characteristic although it may not seem like it. Squash and stretch imitates that and exaggerates it to create some fun.

4. Principles and concepts of animation 2 ) Anticipation – is the preparation for the main action it is called “Antic”. 3) Staging – it is one of the most overlooked principles. It directs the audience’s attention toward the most important elements in a scene. When filming a scene, you need to set your camera on the right angle.

5. Principles and concepts of animation 4) Straight Ahead Action and Pose-to-Pose – these are two (2) ways of drawing animation. Straight Ahead Action – is where you draw each frame of an action one after another as you go along. Pose-to-Pose – you draw the extremes-that is, the beginning and the end drawings of action, then you go on the middle frame and start to fill in the frames in-between. Straight ahead action is less planned, and therefore more fresh and surprising. The problem, is that it’s like running blindfolded, you can’t figure out where you’re supposed to be at any one time.

6. Principles and concepts of animation 5 ) Follow-Through and Overlapping Action – when a moving object such as a person comes to stop, parts might continue to move in the same directions because of the force of forward momentum. These parts might be hair, clothing, jowls, or jiggling flesh of an overweight person. This is where you can see follow-through and overlapping action. The secondary elements (hair, clothing, etc.) are the following-through on the primary element, and overlapping its action.

7. Principles and concepts of animation 6) Ease In, Ease Out – Ease Out when an action start slowly and it takes a little while to accelerate and reach the maximum speed. Ease In , is when you stop slowly until completely reach the full stop. 7) Arcs – operate along a curved trajectory that adds the illusion of life to an animated object in action. Without arcs your animation would be stiff and mechanical. The speed and timing of an arc are crucial. Sometimes an arc is so fast that it blurs beyond recognition.

8. Principles and concepts of animation 8 ) Secondary Action – is a gesture that support the main action to add more dimension to character animation. They can give more personality and insight to what the character is doing or thinking. 9) Timing – is about where on a timeline you put each frame of action. To see this means in action, let’s look at the movement of a bouncing ball. Notice that at the top of each bounce, the balls are packed closer together. That is because the ball is slowing down as it reaches the peal of the bounce.

9. Principles and concepts of animation 9) Timing – Con’t : As the ball falls from its peak it and accelerates, the spacing becoming wider. Notice also the number of drawings in each bounce. As the momentum of the ball diminishes, the bounces become shorter and more frequent.

10. Principles and concepts of animation 10) Exaggeration – presents a character’s features and actions in an extreme form for comedic or dramatic effect. This include distortions in facial features, body types, expressions, and movement. 11) Solid Drawing – is all about making sure that animated forms feel like they’re in three-dimensional (3D) space. 12) Appeal – animated characters should be pleasing to look at and have charisma aspect to them. Give the character personality, strive for a good balance between detail and simplicity

11. What is Animation? Animation is the process of designing drawing, making layouts and preparation of photographic sequences to generate the illusion of movement. A person who creates animation is called animator. He/she uses various computer technologies to capture the still images and then to animate these in desired sequence.

12. TYPES of ANIMATION Animation Industry experts explain the different types of animation and classify the whole thing into two (2): 2D and 3D animation .

13. TYPES of ANIMATION TRADITIONAL ANIMATION ( Cel Animation, Hand-Drawn Animation) Vector-Based 2D Animation 3D Animation Motion Graphics Stop-Motion Animation

14. TYPES of ANIMATION 1) TRADITIONAL ANIMATION ( Cel Animation, Hand-Drawn Animation) Traditional Animation, sometimes referred to as cel animation, is one of the older forms of animation. Animator draws images on a transparent piece of paper fitted on a peg bar using a drawing pencil one frame at a time, to create the illusion of movement.

15. TYPES of ANIMATION 1) TRADITIONAL ANIMATION ( Cel Animation, Hand-Drawn Animation) ( Con’t ) Once clean-up and in-between drawings are complete, the production would move on to photographing or scanning. Today, through traditional animation can be done on a computer using tablet and the drawings are done manually direct to the computer and no longer require the paper and pencil.

16. TYPES of ANIMATION 2) VECTOR-BASED 2D ANIMATION This style has become very popular in the last decade due to the accessibility of the technology and the growth of online video. Flash is a cheap and easy to use, as are other vector-based animation programs.

17. TYPES of ANIMATION 2) VECTOR-BASED 2D ANIMATION ( Con’t ) 2D animation is the term often used when referring to traditional hand-drawn animation, but it can also refer to computer vector animations that adopts the techniques of traditional animation. Vector-based animation, means computer generated 2D animation uses the exact techniques as traditional animation, but benefits from the lack of physical objects needed to make traditional animation.

18. TYPES of ANIMATION 3 ) 3D ANIMATION 3D animation referred to as CGI, Computer Generated Images using computers, that series of images are the frames of an animated shot. It is similar to stop-motion animation as they both deal with animating and posing models and it is a lot more controllable since it’s in digital work-space.

19. TYPES of ANIMATION 3 ) 3D ANIMATION ( Con’t ) 3D animation characters are digitally modelled in the program and then fitted with skeleton that allows animators to move the models. When the modelling and/or animation is complete, the computer will render each frame individually.

20. TYPES of ANIMATION 3 ) 3D ANIMATION ( Con’t ) Another big difference with 3d animation is that unlike traditional animation, the character’s body parts are always present and should be taken to consideration.

21. TYPES of ANIMATION 4) MOTION GRAPHICS Motion graphics is quite different from the other types of animation.

22. Beth Day P. Posadas, MIT Faculty ANIMATION [email protected]