Anterior cerebral artery-ACA

Anterior Cerebral artery-ACA
Blood supply of brain..

1. A nterior C erebral a rtery M uhammad J amil DPT 5 th Year LIHS-LCPS

2. ACA

3. anterior cerebral artery ( ACA ) The   anterior cerebral artery  along with the  middle cerebral artery , forms at the termination of the internal carotid artery. It branches off at the anterior perforated substance and passes forward above the optic nerve and then arches antro -medially to pass anterior to genu of the corpus callosus as the callosomarginal artery . The left and right anterior cerebral arteries are connected by the anterior communicating artery.

4. Segments of ACA The anterior cerebral artery is divided into 5 segments. A1 A2 A3 the callosal ( supra- callosal ) arteries are considered as the  A4  and  A5  segments .

5. branches of ACA The  anterior cerebral artery  gives rise to cortical and central branches : There are five cortical branches : orbital artery, frontopolar artery, parietal artery, callosomarginal artery, pericallosal artery. The central branches arise from its proximal portion and are the following: anteromedial central branches, medial striate artery.

6. It supplies the orbital surface of the frontal lobe and the medial aspect of the cerebral hemispheres above the corpus callosum as far back as the parietal lobe . BRAIN parts supply by ACA

7. Clinical significance Occlusion Anterior cerebral artery syndrome Strokes that occur in a part of the artery prior to the anterior communicating usually do not produce many symptoms because of collateral circulation. If a blockage occurs in the A2 segment or later, the following signs and symptoms may be noted: Paralysis or weakness of the foot and leg on the opposite side, due to involvement of leg part of the  motor cortex

8. … Cortical  sensory loss in the opposite foot and leg Gait apraxia  (impairment of gait and stance) Abulia , akinetic mutism , slowness and lack of spontaneity Urinary incontinence  which usually occurs with bilateral damage in the acute phase Frontal cortical release reflexes: Contralateral grasp reflex, sucking reflex,  paratonic rigidity

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