Antoine van leeuwenhoek

It talks about Contribution of Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek to the society. It also talks about his life style like a story. It also explains the contribution about microscope and micro organisms.

1. ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK
DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI
M.SC., M.A, M.ED, M.PHIL(EDN), M.PHIL(ZOO), NET, PH.D(EDN)ASST. PROFESSOR,
LOYOLA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, CHENNAI -34

3. He is commonly known as “ the father of
microbiology", and one of the first microscopists
and microbiologists.
He was a Dutch businessmanand scientistin the
Golden Age of Dutch science and technology.
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4. HISTORY
His work with the Royal Societyestablished
his place in history as one of the first and
most important explorersof the microscopic
world.
He is best known for his pioneering work in microscopy
and for his contributions toward the establishment of
microbiology as a scientific discipline.
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5. Antonie van Leeuwenhoekwas born in Delft, Dutch Republic, on 24
October 1632.
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6. His father, Philips Antonisz van Leeuwenhoek,was a basket maker who
died when Antonie was only five years old. His mother, Margaretha (Bel
van den Berch), came from a well-to-do brewer's family.
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7. She remarried Jacob Jansz Molijn, a painter. When he was around ten
years old his step-father died.
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8. He attended school in Warmondfor a short time before being sent to
live in Benthuizen with his uncle, an attorney.
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9. At the age of 16he became a bookkeeper's apprentice at a linen-
draper's shop in Amsterdam,which was owned by the Scot William
Davidson. Van Leeuwenhoek left there after six years.
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10. Van Leeuwenhoek married Barbara de Meyin July 1654, with whom he
fathered one surviving daughter, Maria(four other children died in
infancy). That same year he returned to Delft, where he would live and
study for the rest of his life.
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11. While running his draper shop, van Leeuwenhoekwanted to see the
quality of the thread better than what was possible using the
magnifying lenses of the time.
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12. By placing the middle of a small rod of soda lime glass in a hot flame,
van Leeuwenhoek could pull the hot section apart to create two long
whiskers of glass.Then, by reinserting the end of one whisker into the
flame, he could create a very small, high-quality glass sphere. These
spheres became the lenses of his microscopes, with the smallest
spheres providing the highest magnifications
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13. After developing his method for creating powerful lensesand applying
them to the study of the microscopic world, van Leeuwenhoek
introduced his work to his friend, the prominent Dutch physician Reinier
de Graaf.
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14. Van Leeuwenhoek's work fully captured the attention of the Royal
Society,and he began corresponding regularly with the society
regarding his observations
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15. Even with his established reputation with the Royal Society as a reliable
observer, his observations of microscopic life were initially met with
some skepticism
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16. In 1676, his credibility was questioned when he sent the Royal Society a
copy of his first observations of microscopic single-celled organisms.
Previously, the existence of single-celled organisms was entirely
unknown.
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17. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was elected to the Royal Society in February
1680on the nomination of William Croone, a then-prominent
physician.
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18. By the end of the seventeenth century, van Leeuwenhoek had a virtual
monopoly on microscopic study and discovery. His contemporary Robert
Hooke, an early microscope pioneer, bemoaned that the field had come
to rest entirely on one man's shoulders
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19. An experienced businessman, van Leeuwenhoek believed that if his
simple method for creating the critically important lens was revealed,
the scientific communityof his time would likely disregard or even
forget his role in microscopy.
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20. A microscopic section of a one-year-old ash tree (Fraxinus) wood, drawing made
by van Leeuwenhoek
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21. A few of the van Leeuwenhoek's microscope designs
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22. DISCOVERIES
•Antonie van Leeuwenhoek made more than 500 optical
lenses.
•He also created at least 25 single-lens microscopesthat were
capable of magnificationup to 275 times.
•The single-lens microscopesof van Leeuwenhoek were
relatively small devices, the largest being about 5cm long
•He made about200 microscopes with a different
magnification.
•He used samples and measurementsto estimate numbers of
microorganisms in units of water.
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24. DISCOVERIES
•He was the first to experiment with microbes, which he
originally referred to as animalcules
(from Latin animalculum=
"tiny animal").
•He was also the first to document microscopic observations
of muscle fibers, bacteria, spermatozoa, red blood cells,
crystals in gouty tophi, and blood flow in capillaries.
•He did not write any books; his discoveries came to light
through correspondence with the Royal Society, which
published his letters
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26. A 1677 letter from van Leeuwenhoek to Oldenburg, the full correspondence
remains in the Royal Society Library
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27. IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES
Infusoria (protists in modern zoological classification), in 1674
Bacteria, (e.g., large Selenomonads from the human mouth), in
1683
The vacuole of the cell
Spermatozoa, in 1677
The banded pattern of muscular fibers, in 1682
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28. LEGACY
•By the end of his life, van Leeuwenhoek had written approximately
560 letters to the Royal Societyand other scientific institutions
concerning his observations and discoveries.
•He suffered from a rare disease, an uncontrolled movement of the
midriff, which now is named van Leeuwenhoek's disease. He died at
the age of 90, on 26 August 1723
•The Leeuwenhoek Medal, Leeuwenhoek Lecture, Leeuwenhoek
(crater), Leeuwenhoeckia, Levenhookia(a genus in the family
Stylidiaceae), and Leeuwenhoekiella(an aerobic bacterial genus)
are named after him
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29. END
END
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30. REFERENCES
TN TEXT BOOK
NCERT READER
DISCOVERY
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