Apidays Singapore 2024 - Harnessing Green IT by Jai Prakash and Timothée Dufresne, Zenika

Harnessing Green IT: Optimizing code and clouds to reduce GHG emissions
Jai Prakash, Software Consultant - Zenika
Timothée Dufresne, Deputy Managing Director - Zenika

Apidays Singapore 2024: Connecting Customers, Business and Technology (April 17 & 18, 2024)

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1. Harnessing Green IT
Optimizing code and clouds to reduce GHG emissions
18th April 2024
Jai Prakash & Timothée Dufresne

3. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
2
WHO WE ARE?
Jai Prakash & Timothée Dufresne

4. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
AGENDA
02.
03.
04.
01.
05.
Introduction to eco-conception
Clouds & Sustainability Practices
Green Languages
Q&A
Code Samples with better GHG emissions
3

5. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
4
SUSTAINABILITY IN PRACTICE?
Robust and
durable
Renewable
Resources
Repairable
Easily
recyclable
Optimize materials
consumption
Minimize toxic
materials
Energy consumption
Pollutions
Noise and others
problems

6. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
5
DIGITAL IS AMAZING!

7. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
6
DIGITAL WORLD IS RESSOURCES .
Primary Energy
consumption
4,2%
Greenhouse
gases emissions
3.8%
Water
consumption
0.2%
GreenIT.fr environnemental footprint of the digital world, 2019

8. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
7
IMPACTS.
Energy GHG Water Resources
Users
Equipments
60% 63% 83% 75%
Network 23% 22% 9% 16%
Data centers17% 15% 7% 8%
GreenIT.fr environnemental footprint of the digital world, 2019

9. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
8
WHAT IS ECODESIGN?
“The integration of environmental
aspects into the product development
process, by balancing ecological and
economic requirements. Eco-design
considers environmental aspects at all
stages of the product development
process, striving for products which
make the lowest possible
environmental impact throughout the
product life cycle.”
European Environment Agency
https://www.eea.europa.eu/help/gloss
ary/eea-glossary/eco-design

10. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
9
NON ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS .
Accessibility :
&
Digital divider
Saving
Sustainable development
Performances
Brand Image
User satisfaction
Security
Legal

11. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
10
ECODESIGN LEVEL.

Functional and
UX/UI design
Make sure the UX is fluid, the
software is simple and
ergonomic and there’s no
useless screen, feature …
Choose the right interaction
mode : push (web, SMS, etc.)
or pull. Consider
asynchronous interfaces.
Prefer a simple design

Save resources
Use efficient algorithms
and technologies
Digital sobriety
Digital « Low tech »

Compatibility and
obsolescence
Maintain compatibility with
« old » software and
hardware.
Mobile first.
Consider « light » versions.

Remove and
mutualize
Mutualize devices when
possible
Do no use devices if
possible

12. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
11
WHY CLOUDS: HUGE POTENTIAL FOR RESOURCE SHARING .
Cloud : the load of several clients can be put on the same machines.
All the infrastructure (cooling, power, network, etc.) is shared.
30%
20%
10%
5%
90%
20%
60%
10%
60%
60%
50%
10%
50%
70%
40%
10%
10%
5%
5%
25%
80%
5%
On premise : Dedicated server rooms in
each enterprise
The machines may not be used at 100%
10%
30%
60%
20%
90%
5%

13. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
12
IT EMISSIONS SCOPES.
Scope 1
Direct emissions from
sources owned or
controlled by the
organization.
Indirect emissions from
the generation of
purchased energy.
Indirect emissions
from activities not
owned or controlled by
the organization, but
within its value chain.
Scope 3
Microsoft Expected
million metric tons
of co2 emission .
Out of which 75%
are in scope 3
This same can be
applied to most of
the IT companies.
source:
https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2020/01/1
6/microsoft-will-be-carbon-negative-by-20
30/
25%
75%
Scope 2

14. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
13
DIFFERENT AMBITION LEVEL .
Total disruption and cultural change [ex: bicycle system]
Several enterprise and political organisations
System innovation
Function
innovation (new
product concept)
Big investment without guarantee of ROI
Potential economic model change
Project team and direction
Product
redesign
Redesign of the product with a focus on
environmental impacts (eg : Fairphone)
Project team and direction
Product improvement
Normal optimisation presented as ecodesign
Project team

15. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
01.Select your region wisely
02.Be aware of user behaviour
03.Software and Architecture
05.Hardware
04.Data Life Cycle
14
06.Development & Deployment
BEST PRACTICES FOR SUSTAINABILITY .

16. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
USE MANAGED SERVICES .
Cloud providers have an economical interest to mutualize and minimize
resource use in the managed services they provide. That’s even why
they are created in the first place.
Examples :
•Google Cloud Storage
•Google Kubernetes Engine
•Google Pub/Sub
•AWS S3
•AWS Kinesis
•AWS Aurora
•AWS Elastic Cloud
•etc.
15

17. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
SCHEDULING
●By Default we run our cron jobs at midnight.
●so many people, using cloud run them at the same time : midnight
everyday.
●Lots of clock-synchronized jobs drive up peak workloads.
●Lots of customers using same clock driven peak times drives up total
capacity needed.
●So you are unknowingly increasing the load and hence contributing to
green house gas
16
SUSTAINABLE SCHEDULING

18. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
17
SUSTAINABLE SCHEDULING .
Peak
load
Low load
Reduce the
infrastructure size
to leave room to
other enterprises
Medium
load

19. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
ENERGY CALCULATION .
E = P x t
E is Energy (Joule)
P is the Power (Watt)
t is time (Seconds)
P = U x I
U is Voltage (Volt)
I is Electric current (Ampere)
E = U x I x t
18

20. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
PROGRAMMING .
19

21. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
PROGRAMMING .
20
Python

22. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
IMPLEMENTATION MATTERS .

23. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
USE CASE: LOGISTICS FIRM
Assumptions: 10^9 instructions per sec ( 1 Ghz)
Network Size: 10000 or more
22
Implementation 1
Complexity: n^3
Time Taken: 1000 seconds (16.67 mins)
Implementation 2
Complexity: n^2 * log (n)
Time Taken: 50 secs

24. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
GITHUB ACTIONS
●Travis and GitHub Actions are by far the most popular CI services.
●Each has been used by more than half of all repositories with CI.
●Their combined “market share” among repositories with CI exceeds 90%.
23
source: https://chuniversiteit.nl/papers/rise-and-fall-of-ci-services-in-github

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GITHUB ACTIONS (Scenario 1)
24

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GITHUB ACTIONS (Optimized)
25

27. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
With 5 billion views, it burned as much energy as 40,000 US homes use in a year
ref:https://www.governing.com/next/the-battle-over-technology-and-energy-consumption.html
SLOWLY.
26

28. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
IMPORTANCE OF DEFAULT VALUES .
27
The users rarely change the default values.
Default values can be used to lower the impacts by
default, while still giving the users the choice to have
a premium experience if they want to.
Consent to organ donation by country
27
The default effect. Green by default

29. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
ENERGY CALCULATION .
E = P x t
E is Energy (Joule)
P is the Power (Watt)
t is time (Seconds)
P = U x I
U is Voltage (Volt)
I is Electric current (Ampere)
E = U x I x t
28

30. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
KAIZEN.
2929
-Even if the good practices are known,
are they always applied ?
-The approach allow everybody to learn
-Interesting discussions are launched
-Problems are managed
Setting up a continuous improvement
routine is good for the teams.

31. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
AND NOW?
3030
Sustainability
is a non-functional requirement
which hopefully become soon
ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT
requirement!

32. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
MERCI
31

33. © ZENIKA 2024 All rights reserved - Proprietary & confidential
KEEP IN TOUCH!
Timothée Dufresne
Deputy Managing Director
[phone]
[email protected]
32
Website: zenika.com

Jai Prakash
Senior Consultant
[phone]
[email protected]