Application of robots in Industries Introduction of Robotics-Overview

Introduction of Robotics-Overview
A short history of industrial robots
Application of Robot in Welding
Car body assembly, painting
Application of Robot in Machining
Material Transfer- Kinematics and mechanism review
Task Description
Teaching and Programming
End Effectors, System integration

1. UNIT-1 Application of robots in Industries Prepared by- Dr. Mohd Aslam PhD. in Mechanical Engineering Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering Yadrav , Kolhapur Maharashtra India 416121.

2. Contents Introduction of Robotics-Overview A short history of industrial robots Application of Robot in Welding Car body assembly, painting Application of Robot in Machining Material Transfer- Kinematics and mechanism review Task Description Teaching and Programming End Effectors, System integration 2 SITCOE YADRAV

3. Task Description In robotics, a "task description" refers to specifying what a robot needs to achieve, including its goals, constraints, and the environment it operates in. This description is crucial for task planning and execution, allowing robots to autonomously perform complex actions.  Here's a more detailed breakdown: What it is: A task description is a formal way to define what a robot should do, encompassing the desired outcome, the conditions under which it must operate, and any limitations or restrictions.  SITCOE YADRAV 3

4. Why it's important Task Planning:  It provides the necessary information for a robot's control system to plan a sequence of actions to achieve the desired goal.  Autonomous Operation:  Task descriptions enable robots to operate autonomously, meaning they can execute tasks without constant human intervention.  Flexibility and Adaptability:  Well-defined task descriptions allow robots to adapt to changing environments and react to unexpected events.  SITCOE YADRAV 4

5. Components of a Task Description Goal :  The desired outcome or objective the robot needs to achieve (e.g., move an object, pick up a specific item, reach a certain location).  Constraints:  Limitations or restrictions that the robot must adhere to (e.g., maximum speed, path restrictions, object size limitations).  Environment:  The context in which the robot operates, including the layout, objects, and other relevant factors.  SITCOE YADRAV 5

6. Examples & Task Planning Languages Examples: Assembly Line:  A robot needs to pick up a component, place it in a specific location, and then move on to the next component.  Delivery Robot:  A robot needs to navigate a building, find a specific room, and deliver a package.  Surveillance Robot:  A robot needs to patrol a perimeter, detect intruders, and alert authorities.  Task Planning Languages: STRIPS (Stanford Research Institute Problem Solver):  An early task planning language used in the Shakey project .  Other Languages:  Various other languages have been developed for defining domains for task planning.  SITCOE YADRAV 6

7. Teaching and Programming Teaching and programming in robotics involves using educational robotics kits and tools to teach coding, computational thinking, and problem-solving skills, often through hands-on activities and projects. Educational Robotics and Programming: Purpose: Educational robotics provides a hands-on, engaging way to introduce programming and computational thinking concepts to students of all ages.  Methods: Constructivism:  Educational robotics aligns with the constructivist approach, where students learn by actively building and experimenting with robots.  Project-Based Learning:  Robotics projects allow students to apply their knowledge and skills to solve real-world problems.  Computational Thinking:  Robotics activities help students develop skills in decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithms.  SITCOE YADRAV 7

8. Tools and Platforms Robotics Kits:  Kits like mBot and others provide pre-assembled or easy-to-build robots for hands-on learning.  Programming Languages:  Python, Blockly , and other languages can be used to program robots.  Virtual Robotics:  Virtual robotics toolkits and platforms allow students to simulate and test their code in a virtual environment.  SITCOE YADRAV 8

9. Benefits Develops STEM Skills:  Robotics education promotes skills in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.  Enhances Problem-Solving:  Students learn to identify problems, design solutions, and test their ideas.  Encourages Creativity:  Robotics projects allow students to explore their creativity and design their own robot solutions.  Boosts Motivation:  The hands-on nature of robotics can make learning more engaging and motivating.  SITCOE YADRAV 9

10. Examples of Robotics in Education: mBot : A popular educational robot kit that is easy to assemble and program, suitable for various age groups.  Blockly : A visual programming language that uses drag-and-drop blocks, making it easier for beginners to learn programming concepts.  Python: A versatile programming language that can be used to control robots and develop complex robotic applications.  Teach Pendant Programming: A method where an operator uses a handheld device to manually control and program a robot, often used in industrial robotics.  SITCOE YADRAV 10

11. Teaching Robotics in the Classroom Start with Basics: Begin with simple programming concepts and gradually introduce more complex ideas.  Use Visual Aids: Utilize diagrams, simulations, and videos to help students understand robotic concepts.  Encourage Collaboration: Facilitate teamwork and collaboration among students as they work on robotics projects.  Provide Feedback and Support: Offer constructive feedback and guidance to help students learn and improve their skills.  Connect to Real-World Applications: Show students how robotics is used in various industries and fields.  SITCOE YADRAV 11

12. Teaching in Robotics Teaching and programming are two fundamental methods for controlling robots. They define how a robot learns tasks and executes them efficiently . Teaching in Robotics eaching involves guiding the robot manually or using software to demonstrate the desired movement. Types of Teaching Methods: ✅ Lead-Through Teaching: The operator physically moves the robot through the desired path. Used in welding and painting robots . ✅ Teach Pendant Programming: A handheld device (teach pendant) is used to record positions and motions. Common in industrial robotics (e.g., FANUC, ABB robots) . ✅ Demonstration-Based Learning: Robots observe human actions and replicate them using AI & machine learning . Used in collaborative robots ( Cobots ) . SITCOE YADRAV 12

13. Programming in Robotics Programming defines robot actions using coding languages and control interfaces . Types of Robot Programming: 🔹 Online Programming: Directly controlling the robot in real-time. 🔹 Offline Programming (OLP): Simulating and testing tasks before deployment. Popular Programming Languages for Robotics: 💻 Python: Used in AI-based robots and automation. 💻 C/C++: High-performance control in industrial robots. 💻 ROS (Robot Operating System): Framework for robot software development. 💻 Ladder Logic: Common in PLC-based robotic systems. SITCOE YADRAV 13

14. Choosing Between Teaching & Programming ✅ Teaching is best for repetitive tasks like welding and pick-and-place operations . ✅ Programming is ideal for complex, AI-driven tasks like autonomous navigation . 📌 Conclusion: Teaching and programming allow robots to perform tasks efficiently, from simple industrial automation to advanced AI-driven robotics . 🚀 SITCOE YADRAV 14

15. End Effectors In robotics, an end effector is the device or tool attached to the robot's arm (or manipulator) that interacts with the environment and performs the task, such as grasping objects, welding, or applying paint.  Function: End effectors are essentially the "hands" or "tools" of a robot, enabling it to manipulate objects, perform processes, or interact with its surroundings.  Types: They can be grippers, welding torches, paint guns, sensors, or any other device needed for a specific application.  Key Considerations: The choice of end effector depends on the specific task the robot needs to perform, including the type of objects handled, the required force and precision, and the environment in which the robot operates.  SITCOE YADRAV 15

16. Common Applications Material Handling:  Picking up, placing, or moving objects.  Assembly:  Attaching parts or components.  Welding:  Joining materials with a welding torch.  Painting:  Applying paint with a spray gun.  Inspection:  Using sensors to detect flaws or measure dimensions.  Examples: Grippers:  Mechanical, pneumatic, or electric grippers for grasping objects.  Welding Torches:  For performing welding tasks.  Force-Torque Sensors:  To measure the forces and torques exerted during interaction with the environment.  Material Removal Tools:  For tasks like drilling, milling, or grinding.  SITCOE YADRAV 16

17. Grippers (Mechanical Handling) Used for picking, holding, and placing objects. 🔹 Mechanical Grippers – Use fingers or jaws to grasp objects (e.g., two-finger, three-finger, or multi-finger grippers). 🔹 Vacuum Grippers – Use suction cups to pick up objects (common in packaging & logistics). 🔹 Magnetic Grippers – Use electromagnets to handle metal parts (used in automotive & manufacturing). 🔹 Adhesive Grippers – Use sticky surfaces or gecko-inspired adhesion (useful for fragile objects). SITCOE YADRAV 17

18. End Effectors Welding & Cutting End Effectors Used for joining or cutting materials . 🔹 Spot Welding Gun – Used in automotive assembly for welding metal sheets. 🔹 Laser Cutting Tool – Uses lasers to precisely cut materials (used in aerospace & electronics). 🔹 Plasma Cutter – High-temperature cutting for metal fabrication. Material Deposition & Processing End Effectors Used for adding materials to a surface . 🔹 3D Printing Nozzle – Used in additive manufacturing to build components layer by layer. 🔹 Painting & Coating Spray – Applies paint or coatings uniformly (used in car painting). 🔹 Soldering Tool – Used in electronics to assemble circuit boards. SITCOE YADRAV 18

19. End Effectors Sensor-Based & Inspection End Effectors Used for quality control & data collection . 🔹 Camera-Based Sensors – Used for visual inspection & AI-based quality control. 🔹 Tactile Sensors – Detect force & pressure during robotic interaction. 🔹 Ultrasonic Testing Tool – Used to inspect materials for defects (used in aerospace & manufacturing ). Special Purpose End Effectors Used for task-specific operations . 🔹 Surgical Tools – Used in robotic-assisted surgery (e.g., Da Vinci robot). 🔹 Grind & Polish Tools – Used in metal finishing & deburring . 🔹 Soft Robotic End Effectors – Made of flexible materials to handle delicate items (e.g., food & medical applications). 📌 Conclusion: End effectors play a crucial role in robotic automation , enabling robots to handle various materials and perform specialized tasks efficiently . 🚀 SITCOE YADRAV 19

20. Gripper SITCOE YADRAV 20 VACUUM GRIPPER Adhesive GRIPPER Magnetic GRIPPER Vacuum GRIPPER Magnetic GRIPPER

21. Tools SITCOE YADRAV 21

22. System integration System Integration in Robotics System integration in robotics refers to the process of combining different robotic components, hardware, and software to work seamlessly in an automated environment. It ensures that robots can communicate, coordinate, and function efficiently within an industrial or operational setting. SITCOE YADRAV 22

23. Key Components of System Integration ✅ Robotic Hardware – Includes robotic arms, AGVs (Autonomous Guided Vehicles), conveyors, and sensors. ✅ Software & Control Systems – Uses AI, PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers), and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems to control robots. ✅ Sensors & Vision Systems – Provide real-time feedback for accurate positioning and decision-making. ✅ Communication Networks – Use industrial protocols like Ethernet, Modbus, and ROS (Robot Operating System) for data exchange. SITCOE YADRAV 23

24. How System Integration Works Data Collection & Processing – Sensors gather real-time data, which is analyzed by AI and control systems. 🔹 Task Coordination – Robots and automated machines work together, optimizing tasks like assembly, packaging, and logistics. 🔹 Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) – Cobots (collaborative robots) interact safely with human operators. 🔹 Cloud & Edge Computing – Allows robots to process and share data across interconnected systems. SITCOE YADRAV 24

25. Applications of System Integration in Robotics 🏭 Manufacturing & Assembly – Integrates robotic arms, conveyors, and AI vision for precision assembly. 📦 Logistics & Warehousing – Uses AGVs and robotic picking systems for efficient inventory management. 🚘 Automotive Industry – Automated welding, painting, and car assembly. 🛠 Healthcare & Surgery – Integrates robotic surgical systems with AI-assisted control. 🌾 Agriculture – Drones, robotic harvesters, and automated irrigation systems working in sync. SITCOE YADRAV 25

26. Thank You SITCOE YADRAV 26