Arches of the foot.pptx. .

Anatomy

1. Arches of the foot

2. classification Longituinal Medial lateral Transverse Anterior posterior

3. Medial longitudinal arch Higher, more mobile more resilient Ends Ant end-heads of the 1-3 metatarsals Post end-medial tubercle of the calcaneum Summit; superior articular surface of the body of the talus Pillars; anterior- long and weak; talus, navicuar , 3 cuenieform , 1 st 3 metatarsal posterior- short & strong-medial pat of the calcaneum Main joint- talocalcaneonavicular

4. Lateral longitudinal arch Lower, limited mobility, buil to transmit weight and thrust, more of a shock absorber Ends Ant-heads of 4-5 metatarsals Post-lateral tubercle of calcaneum Summit- articular facets on superior surface of calcaneum pillars-; ant- long &weak- cuboid , 4-5metatarsals posteroior short and strong lateral half of calcaneum Main joint- calcaneocuboidal

5. Anterior transverse Formed by the heads of the metatarsal Heads of the 1 st and the 5 th come into contct with the groud form the ends

6. Posterior transverse Incomplete Only the lateral end comes into contact with the ground Is more of half a dome

7. Factors maintaining the arches Bones-wedge shaped bones tarsals , head o metatarsals Intersegmental ties-spring lig (medial), long and short plantar lig (lateral)., interosseous muscles(transverse) The beams- aponeurosis and muscles Slings; summit of med. Long- tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis , flexor digitorum longus Summit of lat. Long.- peroneous longus and brevis Tibialis anterior and peroneous longus - both keep the middle of the foot up Peroneous longus - transverse arch

8. function Distribute weight to weight bearing areas of the sole Act as springs aid in walkin and running As shock absorbers eg in jumping Protect the soft tissues of the sole by its concavity

9. clinical Absense or collapse of arches Exageration of the long arches-claw oot Talipes equinus - tip toe Talipes calcaneus - heel walk Talipes valgus Talipes varus