architecture research management presentation.pptx

architecture research management

1. DOCUMENTATION of Cultural H eritage Sites. BY- KHYATI JAIN B.Arch 6 th Sem

2. INTRODUCTION WHAT IS DOCUMENTATION? Documentation of cultural heritage sites refers to the systematic process of recording, describing, and preserving information about these heritage sites. It is done for various purposes, including conservation, research, education, and public awareness. It involves gathering data about the site's historical, architectural, artistic, social, and cultural significance using various methods and technologies.

3. PROCEDURE- Describe architectural details, changes, and cultural significance. Define objectives and assemble a skilled team. Capture detailed photographs and videos Study the site's history and previous documentation. 01 05 04 02 By finalizing the drawings in softwares & Create a comprehensive report with findings and recommendations. Measure and map the site's physical features. 06 03 Preparation: Visual Documentation: Written Records: Research: Digitalization & Reporting : Survey and Mapping:

4. Documentation process typically includes- Photography and Videography: Capturing visual images of the site, including its architecture, art, decorations, and surroundings, to create a visual record. Written Records: Recording detailed descriptions, historical information, architectural features, inscriptions, and any changes or damages observed. Mapping and Surveying: Using mapping techniques and surveys to document the layout, dimensions, and spatial relationships within the site. Digital Technologies: Utilizing 3D scanning, laser scanning, photogrammetry, GIS (Geographic Information Systems), and digital modeling to create accurate digital replicas and virtual reconstructions of heritage sites. Oral History Interviews: Collecting oral narratives, testimonies, and memories from local communities, experts, and stakeholders to understand the cultural significance and context of the site.

5. PRIMARY PURPOSE OF DOCUMENTATION- By documenting heritage sites, we ensure the preservation of our cultural identity and heritage for future generations. This includes tangible aspects like buildings, monuments, artifacts, and intangible aspects like traditions, customs, and knowledge systems. Documentation provides a basis for understanding the condition of heritage sites, identifying threats or risks, and developing conservation and management plans to protect and preserve these sites. Detailed documentation allows researchers, historians, archaeologists, and scholars to study and analyze cultural heritage sites, leading to new discoveries, interpretations, and insights into our past. 1 2 3 Preserve Cultural Identity: Facilitate Conservation: Support Research and Education:

6. TECHNIQUES INVOLVED FOR THE PROCESS- 1 Photogrammetry: involves interpreting, measuring, and modeling objects based on acquired images. 2 Panorama Photography : It employs multi-image photogrammetric methods, especially useful for rendering and measuring. It provide a wide field of view and are effective for analyzing dimensions, presenting historic buildings, and sites. 3 Close-range Photogrammetry: This technique involves capturing overlapping images of objects from close distances. It enables the generation of accurate 3D models, color, and texture data in a relatively short time.

7. TECHNIQUES INVOLVED FOR THE PROCESS- 1 LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging): Scans using laser pulses from aircraft or ground-based systems to create digital surface models at high speed. 2 Theodolite Measurement: Utilizes theodolites for topographic surveys, determining coordinates, and generating wireframe models for 3D reconstruction. 3 Hand Survey: Manual measurements using simple tools like tape measures or laser distance measurers. It is suitable for producing detailed drawings of buildings when modern techniques are not accessible .

8. Example- A detailed documentation process was carries out and one of the example of that is – NALANDA MAHAVIRA: Nalanda Mahavihar was a renowned Buddhist monastic university in ancient Magadha ( modernday Bihar), India. It was one of the world’s very first residential university, and among the greatest centers of learning in the ancient world operating from 427 to 1197 CE. Nalanda was established during the Guptas. Nalanda Mahavihara taught six major Buddhist schools and philosophies. According to descriptions Huen Tsang, it gained importance as a centre of excellence in Buddhist learning somewhere around seventh century CE. It was destroyed by the troops of Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji , partly restored thereafter, and continued to exist till about 1400 CE.

9. FINDINGS DURING THE DOCUMENTATION- Pre Excavation Excavation Began: 1917 Excavation in progress: 1917-1920 Excavation in progress 1920-1925 1925-27 Terrestrial Laser Data: 2020

10. Plan on High Resolution satellite data Excavated Remains- After excavation, 11 monasteries and 6 major brick temples arranged in an ordered layout were revealed. All the monasteries at Nalanda are very similar in layout and general architecture. A 30 m wide passage runs from north to south with the temples to its west and the monasteries to its east. (ASI, 2014). Temple 3 in the south was the most imposing structure. Temple 12, 13, 14 face the monasteries and face east. Temple 2 was to the east. General plan of monastery involves a rectangular form with a central quadrangular court surrounded by a veranda bounded by an outer row of cells. The central cell facing the entrance leading into the court is a shrine chamber.

11. Technology Rebuilding the past- Viharas of Nalanda were of common type. The general plan formed a rectangle bounded by an outer cell with an open veranda. The important feature of the vihara was a collection of smaller monastic blocks arranged in a line on one side with shrines, pavilions, courts, etc on the other, the two being enclosed by walls and thus forming one whole. The planning system and architectural forms evolved here were followed by later mahavihara in the region. Nalanda Mahavihar provided free lodging, food, clothing, and education to its residents. As per Hiuen Tsang, the number of priests, students, and guests present in the university were always around 10,000. Foreign scholars from China, Korea, Tibet, and Tokhara were regular visitors at Nalanda.

12. Technology Revolutionizing Archaeology : Digital Blueprinting Conventionally, drawing representations such as engineering drawings or artistic works are been used for documentation. This gives high accuracy and provide finer details. For viewing purposes to provide a 3D perspective to the viewers, scaled handmade models are also used. Digital documentation has seen significant growth in research due to the development of new techniques and improvement of new sensors and data capture methodologies. The current technology allows us to create digital 3D models which opens up the possibilities for its use and extends it to beyond just visualisation . Laser Scanning Data Collection

13. Footprints of the past : Statues and Artefacts Standing Buddha Height-0.6 m Nagaraja : Height-1.23 m The antiques found at the excavated site at Nalanda are housed in the ASI museum. High resolution data for some of the statues and artefacts were captured using laser scanner and cameras. Realistic 3D models of the original terracotta seal discovered in 1861-62(on the basis of which Alexander Cunningham announced the discovery of Nalanda), statues of Nagaraj, standing Buddha and Samantbhadra , and vessels probably used in the monastery are shown here.

14. CONCLUSION- The documentation serves as a testament to the value of documenting cultural heritage sites like Nalanda , ensuring that these treasures of human history and creativity are safeguarded and accessible for generations to come. The impact of this documentation is far-reaching, from aiding in conservation efforts and supporting research on enrich visitor experiences and fostering cultural appreciation. Conclusion of the case study on the documentation of Nalanda underscores the critical importance of such efforts in preserving our global cultural heritage. By employing a multi-disciplinary approach including photography, 3D scanning, historical research, and community engagement, Nalanda documentation has not only contributed to conservation and research but also enhanced public awareness and education.