ARDUINO BASED LPG GAS AND FIRE DETECTOR PPT.pptx

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1. GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC MOTIHARI MAJOR PROJECT STUDENT NAME Akanksha Raj Shweta Kumari SPECIAL THANKS DR. FAZLE SARWAR ( PRINCIPAL, G.P. MOTIHARI ) JAYANT RAJ (H.O.D- MECHANICAL ENGG). ARDUINO BASED LPG GAS AND FIRE DETECTOR ( PROJECT SUPERVISOR ) HUSSAM SADIQUE

2. CONTENTS Introduction Problem History of Incident Component Used Circuit Diagram Source Code Working Advantage Disadvantage Result Conclusion Reference

3. INTRODUCTION ARDUINO BASED LPG GAS AND FIRE DETECTOR Detects LPG gas leakage and fire using Arduino. Ensures safety in homes and industries. Uses MQ-2 gas sensor and flame sensor. Arduino processes data and gives instant alert. Alerts via buzzer and LCD display. Low-cost, real-time, and easy to use system .

4. PROBLEM We can see that this is the picture of place after brusting of a LPG gas due to leakage. How dangerous it can be.... In India an average of around 144 people die each year due to LPG gas leak. Here, We have an example of BHOPAL GAS TRAGEDY ( 1984 ), VISAKHAPATNAM GAS LEAK (2020), EAST CHAMPARAN INCIDENT ( 2023) etc . A gas leak at Union Carbide exposed 500,000+ people to toxic methyl Isocyanate gas in Bhopal gas tragedy. "In India, many people loses their lives due to fires caused by LPG leakage — whether it's women cooking in the kitchen or workers working in factories.

5. HISTORY OF INCIDENT This image is taken From Chicago Tribune This image is taken From Hindustan This image is taken From First India This image is taken From The Times Of India This slide titled "HISTORY" presents a brief overview of past incidents related to gas leaks and explosions in India. It includes various newspaper clippings highlighting tragic events such as: The Bhopal Gas Tragedy (Chicago Tribune) where a gas leak killed over 500 people. A Vizag gas leak (Times of India) that resulted in 11 deaths. A recent Pune gas leak (First India) where a fire caused by a leak led to the death of a 6-year-old girl. Another incident reported by Hindustan, indicating repeated gas-related accidents.

6. .Visakhapatnam Gas Leak ( 2020) - Styrene gas leaked from LG Polymers, affecting nearby villages. . Ahmedabad LPG Explosion (2021) - An LPG cylinder explosion killed 9 people, including 4 children, and injured many. . Jaipur Gas Leak Fire (2024) - An LPG leak during cylinder change a fire, killing a couple and their three children. . East Champran LPG Leak ( 2023) - A cylinder leak during cooked led to a fire, killing one woman and injuring 16 others. LPG CYLINDER EXPLOSIONS IN INDIA . Bhopal Gas Tragedy (1984) - A gas leak at Union Carbide exposed 500,000+ people to toxic methyl Isocyanate gas. Liu Xiao-Man a, Qian JiFa April 2025, 105584 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2025.10554

7. COMPONENTS USED 1. Microcontroller: Arduino Uno 2. Fire and LPG gas detection sensor : Flame sensor, MQ-2 Gas Sensor 3. Output Devices: Buzzer, LCD display 4. Cooling and Fire Extinguishing System : Relay Module (5V), 12V DC Fan, Mini Water Pump, Water Pipe And Nozzle 5. Power Supply Components: 12V Adapter 9V Battery For Aurdino 6. Connecting Components:Jump Wires,Breadboard

8. ARDUINO UNO ARDUINO UNO is a microcontrpller board based on ATmega328p. ARDUINO boards are able to read inputs - signals of a sensor and turn it into an output signals. Operating voltage :-5v Digital i/o pins :-14 Analog input pins :-6

9. FLAME SENSOR MQ-2 SENSOR MQ2 sensor is a device that detects flamable gas ex :- Lpg gas methane propane etc. Flame sensor is a device that detects the presence of a flame gas-burning appliances and sends a signal to the control board to keep the gas valve open.

10. BUZZER LCD DISPLAY Buzzer is a component that is used for generating the sound. It is an audible alarm for alerting the surrounding people. Operating voltage:- 5v dc Uses liquid crystals that modulate light to display images; requires a backlight. Used in TVs, computer monitors, smartphones, digital watches,and industrial displays.

11. RELAY MODULE DC FAN In case of leakage, this fan turns on and throws the gas outdoor through the throat. Operating voltage:- 5v dc Fan Control:- Automate ceiling or exhaust fans. Motor Control:- Turn industrial motors ON/OFF.

12. WATER PIPE AND NOZZLE MINI WATER PUMP Pipes are used to carry water from a storage tank or a direct water line to the affected area. Nozzle control water direction and intensity, ensuring effective fire suppression. Use a 12V mini water pump to work efficiently with Arduino + Relay Module. When the flame sensor detects fire, the realy module activates the mini water pump, which sprays water through nozzles.

13. 12V ADAPTER 9V BATTERY Stable Power Supply:- Provides a constant 12v source for Arduino and connected components. Voltage Regulation:- Arduino’s built-in regulator converts 12V to 5V for sensor and modules. Acts as an emergency power source in case of a main power failure. Allows the system to be used in remote locations without a direct power supply.

14. JUMPER WIRES BREADBOARD Jumper wires are electrical wires used to connect components on a breadboard. Types:- Male- Male (M-M) jumper wires Male- Female (M-F) jumper wires Female-Female (F-F) jumper wires Breadboard using to connect arduino & components by jumper wires. It have 170 tie points.

15. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

16. SOURCE CODE #include<LiquidCrystal_I2C.h> LiquidCrystal_I2C a(0x27,16,2); void setup() { // put your setup code here, to run once: Serial.begin(9600); pinMode(13, OUTPUT); pinMode(8, OUTPUT); pinMode(7, OUTPUT); //Maurya... pinMode(6, OUTPUT); a.init(); a.backlight(); } void loop() { // put your main code here, to run repeatedly: int M = analogRead(A0); int F = analogRead(A1); float V = M * (0 / 1023); float R = F * (0/1024); int rangeG = map(M, 0, 1024, 0, 8.5); a.setCursor(2,0); a.print("SAFETY SPARKS"); a.setCursor(1,1); a.print("MECHANICAL2K23"); Serial.print("Gas: "); Serial.print(M); Serial.print("| FIRE: "); Serial.println(F); Serial.println(rangeG); if(rangeG>0){ digitalWrite(13,1); digitalWrite(8,1); digitalWrite(7,0); digitalWrite(6,1); a.clear(); a.setCursor(2,0); a.print("*ALERT*"); delay(500); } if(F<100){ digitalWrite(13,1); digitalWrite(8,1); digitalWrite(7,1); digitalWrite(6,0);

17. WORKING The MQ-2 gas sensor detects LPG concentation , while the flame sensor detects fire. Sensors send data to the Arduino , which analyzes the readings . If gas or fire is detected, the Arduino activates a buzzer and LED for warnings. A relay module can be used to shut off the gad supply or turn on an exhaust fan. A warning message can also be displayed on an LCD screen . The signals from the gas and flame sensors are sent to the Arduino microcontroller, which processes the data.

18. ADVANTAGE Early Detection: Detects LPG gas leaks abnd fire at an early stage, preventing accidents. 2. Automatic Alerts: Triggers a buzzer and LED to warn nearby people instantly. 3.Safety Measures: Can activate a relay shut off the gas supply or turn on an exhaust fan . 4. Remote Notification: It can sendSMS alerts for quick response. 5. Low Cost & Efficient: Affordable and consumes low power compared to traditional systems. 6.Easy Integration: Can be integrated with smart home automationor lot systems. 7. User- Friendly : Simple to install and maintain with minimal technical knowledge.

19. DISADVANTAGE 1.False Alarms : Gas sensors (like MQ-2) and fire sensor (like flame sensors) can sometimes trigger false alarms due to dust, humidity, or other environmental factors. 2.Short Sensor Lifespan : Gas sensors like the MQ-2 degrade over time, requiring regular calibration and replacement. 3. Limited Range : The detection range of the gas and fire sensors is restricted, making it vulnerable to power failures unless a backup is provided. 4.Response Time : Some sensors have a delay in detecting gas leaks or fire, which could be critical in emergencies.

20. APPLICATION Homes and Kitchens. 2. Hotels and Restaurants. 3. Industries and Factories. 4. Gas storage facilities. 5. Schools and Offices. 6. Laboratories.

21. RESULT 1. Project Completion – Successfully completed as per the planned objectives. 2. Design & Fabrication – The design and model fabrication were implemented effectively. 3. Testing & Performance – The model performed well during testing and met expectations. 4. Innovation & Utility – The project included some innovation and had good practical utility. 5. Teamwork & Coordination – All team members showed good coordination and teamwork. 6. Learning Outcome – The team gained both technical skills and practical knowledge @ SAFETY SPARKS

22. CONCLUSION An Arduino-based LPG gas fire detection system is a useful and affordable solution for detecting gas leaks and fire hazards. It enhances safety by providing early warnings through alarms, buzzers, or mobile alerts, helping to prevent accidents. The system is easy to build and can be used in homes, industries, kitchens, and other places where gas leaks or fire risks are a concern. Yes, it’s fully upgradable. We can add features like mobile notifications, Lot connectivity, camera surveillance, or even connect it to emergency services using GSM or Wi-Fi modules. Despite these challenges, with proper calibration and additional; features like lot connectivity, the system can be made more reliable and effective for real-life applications.

23. REFERNCE Arduino based LPG gas and fire detector image is taken from google.com Bhopal gas tragedy article image is taken from Chicago Tribune.com Vizag plant incident article image is taken from The Times Of India.com Gwalior LPG blast incident article image is taken from Hindustan.com Pune gas leak incident article image is taken from First India.com LPG Explosion Death Graph is taken from Sciencedirect.com Source code is taken from [email protected]

24. THANK YOU!