Are electric cars environmentally friendly_Projrct 1.pptx

EVs generally have a smaller carbon footprint than gasoline cars, as stated by the U.S. EPA (2024).
Despite initial concerns about battery manufacturing, studies show that EVs typically result in lower greenhouse gas emissions over their lifetime compared to gasoline cars.
BEVs operated in countries with cleaner energy sources, like Germany, can have significantly lower GHG emissions (Richter, 2021; Helmers and Marks, 2012 ).
Electric cars can be powered by electricity generated from renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, which have much lower GHG emissions compared to fossil fuels (Helmers and Marks, 2012) .Adopt a circular economy strategy into the transformation of vehicles from ICE to EV. This includes managing the movement of used vehicles across borders to prevent loss of value in circular economies (Richter, 2022; Dror et al, 2022).

Establish a facility dedicated to recycling lithium-ion EV batteries and create stringent regulations governing battery manufacturing, with a focus on resource extraction and handling manufacturing scrap responsibly (Chen et al., 2019).

1. Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly?

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 | Introduction 02 | Environmental Impact Assessment 04 | LCA of EV 03 | Environmentally Benefits of EV Contents Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? 05 | Greener Solution 06 | Conclusion Image: yankodesign.com

3. Are electric cars environmentally friendly? Ongoing debate: Are EVs environmentally friendly? Viewpoints: Some see EVs as greener with renewable energy; others worry about resource depletion and GHG emissions. Pros: EVs align with renewable energy goals and reduce GHG emissions. Cons: EV production can deplete resources, especially batteries. Introduction Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? Image: atlascopco.com

4. Are electric cars environmentally friendly? YES Introduction Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? Image: blog.wa.aaa.com

5. How Green Are Electric Vehicles? EVs generally have a smaller carbon footprint than gasoline cars, as stated by the U.S. EPA (2024) . Despite initial concerns about battery manufacturing, studies show that EVs typically result in lower greenhouse gas emissions over their lifetime compared to gasoline cars. Environmental Impact Assessment Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? Image: cybernews.com; inc42.com

6. Environmentally Benefits of EV Environmental Impact Assessment Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? Image: chargeplacescotland.org

7. Air Quality Schnell et al.’s (2021) study shows that electric cars generally reduce CO2 emissions and improve air quality, especially in cities and industrial areas. The deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) reduces overall CO2 emissions in the transportation sector (Thiel et al., 2016) . Environmentally Benefits of EV Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? Image: kochvsclean.com

8. Energy Efficiency 1. Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs) WTW (Well-to-Wheel) Efficiency: Range: Converts only about 10% to 25% of the energy from fuel into vehicle motion (Helmers and Marks, 2012). Reason: 75% to 90% of the energy is lost primarily as heat, which does not contribute to propulsion. Energy Consumption: During operation, ICEVs waste between 68% and 90% of the total energy consumed. This inefficiency primarily arises from the thermal losses inherent in combustion processes. Environmentally Benefits of EV Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? 2. Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) WTW Efficiency: Range: Achieves 59% to 80% efficiency due to highly effective energy conversion in the drivetrain (Helmers and Marks, 2012). Reason: Minimal energy is lost in the conversion process from electricity to motion, It makes BEVs significantly more efficient than ICEVs. Energy Consumption: Consumes up to four times less energy than contemporary gasoline cars.

9. Lower Greenhouse Gas Emissions BEVs operated in countries with cleaner energy sources, like Germany, can have significantly lower GHG emissions (Richter, 2021; Helmers and Marks, 2012 ). Electric cars can be powered by electricity generated from renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power , which have much lower GHG emissions compared to fossil fuels ( Helmers and Marks, 2012) . Environmentally Benefits of EV Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? Potential for GHG Savings: Even in high coal-dependency countries like China, operating a BEV can result in lower GHG emissions compared to an ICEVs (Helmers and Marks, 2012) .

10. Reduced Dependence on Fossil Fuels : Greener future Reduced Oil Dependency → can lead to greater energy security and economic stability. Decreased Extraction: reduces the need for oil drilling and extraction. Reduced Refining Processes: limits the emission of large amounts of pollutants, including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. Emissions Reduction: reduces greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants. Sustainable Energy Integration: The overall energy grid becomes cleaner. Fewer Oil Spills: reduce oil spills in marine and terrestrial environments and limits its catastrophic effects. Environmentally Benefits of EV Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly?

11. Life cycle assessment of electric vehicles in comparison to combustion engine vehicles Lower air pollution but greater effect on human toxicity levels for the usage of chemicals and energy for the production of batteries, which can elevate human toxicity levels (Verma et al., 2022; Girardi et al., 2015; Albatayneh et al., 2020) . LCA of EV Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly?

12. How to make it more green Adopt a circular economy strategy into the transformation of vehicles from ICE to EV. This includes managing the movement of used vehicles across borders to prevent loss of value in circular economies (Richter, 2022; Dror et al, 2022) . Establish a facility dedicated to recycling lithium-ion EV batteries and create stringent regulations governing battery manufacturing, with a focus on resource extraction and handling manufacturing scrap responsibly (Chen et al., 2019) . Greener Solution Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? Image: World Economic Forum

13. Comprehensive Evaluation Required Greener Alternative to Fossil Fuels Technology Advancements & Sustainability Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly? Assessing the environmental friendliness of EVs requires a comprehensive evaluation of their pros and cons. Despite concerns about increased human toxicity and higher initial costs due to battery prices and uncertain energy prices, EVs offer a greener alternative to fossil fuels. Technology advancements in EVs can lead to a more sustainable future by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and minimizing resource depletion. Conclusion Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly?

14. THANK YOU! Do you have any questions? Kittinaraporn Atiya Student ID: 51223601 L P Sahan Tharaka Sandushan Student ID : 51224001 Image: techcrunch.com Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly?

15. Tabuchi , H., & Plumer, B. (2023, June 23). How green are electric vehicles? The New York Times . https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/02/climate/electric-vehicles-environment.html United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). (2024). Electric Vehicle Myths. UpToDate . Retrieved April 30, 2024, from https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/electric-vehicle-myths Dong, X., Gou, Z., & Gui, X. (2024). How electric vehicles benefit urban air quality improvement: A study in Wuhan. Science of the Total Environment , 906, 167584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167584 Thiel, C., Nijs , W., Simoes , S., Schmidt, J., van Zyl, A., & Schmid, E. (2016). The impact of the EU car CO2 regulation on the energy system and the role of electro-mobility to achieve transport decarbonisation . Energy Policy , 96, 153–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.05.043 Schnell, J., Peters, D. R., Wong, D. C., Lu, X., Guo, H., Zhang, H., Kinney, P. L., & Horton, D. E. (2021). Potential for electric vehicle adoption to mitigate extreme air quality events in China. Earth’s Future , 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020ef001788 Richter, J. L. (2022). A circular economy approach is needed for electric vehicles. Nature Electronics ., 5(1), 5–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-021-00711-9 Dror , B. M., Gupta, A., Schaufuss , P. (2022, December 12). 3 challenges en route to electric vehicle batteries driving the circular economy. World Economic Forum . https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/12/electric-vehicle-battery-circular-economy/ Chen, M., Ma, X., Chen, B., Arsenault, R., Karlson, P., Simon, N. L., & Wang, Y. (2019). Recycling End-of-Life electric vehicle Lithium-Ion batteries. Joule , 3(11), 2622–2646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2019.09.014 Verma, S., Dwivedi, G., & Verma, P. (2022). Life cycle assessment of electric vehicles in comparison to combustion engine vehicles: A review. Materials Today: Proceedings , 49, 217–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.01.666 Girardi, P., Gargiulo, A. & Brambilla, P.C. A comparative LCA of an electric vehicle and an internal combustion engine vehicle using the appropriate power mix: the Italian case study. Int J Life Cycle Assess 20, 1127–1142 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-015-0903-x Albatayneh , A., Assaf, M., Alterman, D. & Jaradat , M. (2020).Comparison of the Overall Energy Efficiency for Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles and Electric Vehicles. Environmental and Climate Technologies,24 (1) 669-680. https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0041 Reference Are Electric Cars Environmentally Friendly?