Artificial insemination & embryo transfer

The introduction of semen into the oviduct or uterus by some means other than sexual intercourse.
The use of semen from a genetically superior male to inseminate a female resulting in a genetically superior offspring.
The manual placement of semen in the reproductive tract of the female by a method other than natural mating.

1. F
F
Faisal A. Alshamiry
Faisal A. Alshamiry ByBy Faisal A. Alshamiry Faisal A. AlshamiryaislA.hmhry
aislA.hmhry
: Ayman Swelum
: Ayman Swelum SupervisionSupervision: Ayman Swelum: Ayman Swelum
Artificial Insemination Artificial Insemination
&&
Embryo Transfer
A brief overview of
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2. What is artificial insemination (What is artificial insemination (AIAI ((??

3. •The introduction of semen into the oviduct or uterus by some
means other than sexual intercourse.
• The use of semen from a genetically superior male to The use of semen from a genetically superior male to
inseminate a female resulting in a genetically superior offspring.inseminate a female resulting in a genetically superior offspring.
•The manual placement of semen in the reproductive tract of the
female by a method other than natural mating.
@agrfaisal
IntroductionIntroduction

4. •It is one of a group of technologies commonly known as
“assisted reproduction technologies” (ART ART ), whereby offspring
are generated by facilitating the meeting of gametes
(spermatozoa and oocytes).
•AIAI is by far the most common method of breeding intensively
kept domestic livestock, It has also been used occasionally in
conservation breeding of rare or endangered species.
@agrfaisal

5. The advantages of AI The advantages of AI
AIAI helps prevents the spread of infectious or contagious diseases, that can be
passed on when animals are in close contact or share the same environment;
The rate of genetic development and production gain can be increased, by using
semen from males of high genetic merit for superior females;
It enables breeding between animals in different geographic locations, or at
different times (even after the male´s death);
Breeding can occur in the event of physical, physiological or behavioral
abnormalities ;
AIAI is a powerful tool when linked to other reproductive biotechnologies such as
sperm cryopreservation, sperm sexing;
AIAI can be used in conservation of rare breeds or endangered species.
@agrfaisal

6. @agrfaisal

7. Pre-requisites for AIPre-requisites for AI
•Include a supply of semen,
•Reliable methods for oestrus detection in the female.
•Means of inserting the semen into the female reproductive tract.
♀♀ ♂♂
@agrfaisal
[email protected]@gmail.com

8. @agrfaisal

9. @agrfaisal

10. Embryo Transfer…?
What is an Embryo?
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11. •An embryo is an egg that has already been fertilized by
a sperm cell.
•It is an organism in the earliest stage of development.
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12. Embryo Transfer (ET)?
•ET involves the removal of an embryo from a female of superior genetics and the
placement of the embryo into the reproductive tract of a female of average genetics.
What is the Goal of (ET)?
•The goal of ET is to obtain the maximum number of genetically superior embryos in a
minimum amount of time.
@agrfaisal
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13. •Traditionally, cows produce only one calf per year. ET allows the production of many offspring within a
year from a single cow.
•ET can increase the genetic potential of a herd in a relatively short period of time.
•ET can increase milk production in dairy herds.
•ET can increase weaning weights in beef and dairy herds.
•ET allows other producers to take advantage of superior genetics
because frozen embryos can be shipped almost anywhere.
•ET preserves superior genetics for future generations due to embryo freezing.
Benefits of (ET)Benefits of (ET)
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14. Equipment for Embryo TransferEquipment for Embryo Transfer
 Plastic media bag
 Foley catheter
 Embryo filter
 Microscope
 Straw
 Rod
 FSH
 Prostaglandin (Lutalyse)
 Penicillin
 Lidocaine
 Plastic Sleeve
 Bull Semen
 AGRFAISAL
@agrfaisal

15. @agrfaisal

16. Bull SelectionBull Selection
•Genetically Superior Bull
•Naturally & Good health status
•Free from infectious diseases
•Capable of pollination
and facilitates semen collection
@agrfaisal
@agrfaisal

17. @agrfaisal
@agrfaisal
[email protected]@gmail.com

18. @agrfaisal
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19. The major criteria The major criteria 
for evaluation include:for evaluation include:
EvaluationEvaluation
  of the Embryosof the Embryos
Embryos are classified according to tEmbryos are classified according to t
hese subjective criteria as:hese subjective criteria as:
Grade 1Grade 1: Excellent or good
Grade 2Grade 2: Fair
Grade 3Grade 3: Poor
Grade 4Grade 4: Dead or degenerating
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21. 1 Stage: Unfertilized
2 Stage : 2 to 12 cell
3 Stage : Early morula
4 Stage : Morula
5 Stage : Early blastocyst
6 Stage : Blastocyst
7 Stage : Expanded blastocyst
8 Stage : Hatched blastocyst
9 Stage : Expanding hatched blastocyst
Embryos also are evaluated for their stage of development without Embryos also are evaluated for their stage of development without
regard to quality. These stages are also numbered:regard to quality. These stages are also numbered:
STAGESSTAGES

22. STAGESSTAGES
https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:HumanEmbryog
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23. [email protected]@gmail.com