ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION in Animal Science.pptx

Artificial Insemination has become one of the most important reproductive method especially in animal science.

1. ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI)

2. What is Artificial insemination (AI) ? Artificial Insemination (AI) is a reproductive technology used in both animals and humans where semen from a male is collected, processed, and then manually introduced into the female’s reproductive tract (usually the uterus or cervix) using special instruments.
Instead of natural mating, AI allows controlled breeding under hygienic and scientific conditions.

3. Steps in artificial insemination (AI) 1. Selection of Male - Choose a healthy male with desirable traits (good genetics, high fertility, disease-free). 2. Semen Collection - Semen is collected from the male using an artificial vagina or collection device. 3. Evaluation of Semen - The semen is checked under a microscope for:
Motility (movement of sperm cells)
Concentration (number of sperm)
Morphology (shape and health of sperm)

4. Steps in artificial insemination (AI) 4. Processing and Dilution - Semen is mixed with an extender solution that provides nutrients, prevents infection, and allows storage. 5. Storage or Transport - Semen can be: Used immediately (fresh AI) Cooled and stored for a few days Frozen in liquid nitrogen for long-term use

5. Steps in artificial insemination (AI) 6. Detection of Estrus (Heat) in Females - Females must be inseminated at the right time of their heat cycle for higher chances of conception. 7. Preparation of Female - Keep the female calm and restrained properly. Clean the external genital area to avoid infection.

6. Steps in artificial insemination (AI) 8. Insemination Procedure - Insert an AI catheter or pipette into the female’s reproductive tract. Deposit semen at the correct location (cervix or uterus, depending on species). 9. Aftercare - Allow the female to rest quietly after insemination.
Monitor her for signs of pregnancy or repeat heat.

7. THE ADVANTAGES AND THE DISADVANTAGES OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI)

8. ✅ Advantages of Artificial Insemination (AI) Genetic Improvement – Superior male genetics can be used widely, improving the breed faster. Disease Control – Reduces the risk of sexually transmitted diseases since there’s no direct mating. Cost-Effective – Eliminates the need to maintain many breeding males.

9. ✅ Advantages of Artificial Insemination (AI) Safety – Prevents injuries that may occur during natural mating, especially with large or aggressive animals.
Access to Distant Genetics – Farmers can use semen from sires located anywhere in the world.

10. ❌ Disadvantages of Artificial Insemination (AI) Requires Skill & Training – Proper handling and insemination need a trained technician. Lower Conception Rate if Done Incorrectly – Poor technique or timing can reduce success. Infrastructure Costs – Requires storage facilities (e.g., liquid nitrogen tanks) and handling equipment.

11. ❌ Disadvantages of Artificial Insemination (AI) Heat Detection Problems – Farmers must detect estrus (heat) accurately, which can be challenging.
Dependence on Semen Supply – Farmers rely on semen availability from breeding centers.

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