Artificial insemination in Poultry

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1. Artificial Insemination in Poultry Muhammad AFAQ khan sunbul b.S poultry science [email protected]

2. Outline …… What is semen , semen characteristic Male reproductive system What is A.I in chicken Methods of A.I in poultry Advantages of A.I in poultry

3. What is semen , semen characteristic Semen is a pearly white fluid which contain billions of sperms . Poultry semen characteristic:- Semen color Pearly white Semen volume 0.1 to 1 mL Daily sperm production 80 to 120 million sperm/gram of testes pH 7 to 7.2 Sperm concentration 1.8 to 8 billion / ejaculate Motility < 70%

4. Male reproductive system Testes Sperm producing organ Testosterone production Weight 2 – 4 gm at birth 25 – 35 gm at adult Seminefrious tubules , Epididymis, vas deferens Papilla place the sperm inside hen reproductive tract.

5. What is A.I in chicken “Artificial insemination is a technique in which carefully deposition of semen into vagina of bird to get fertile eggs .” First in bird artificial insemination done by IVANOV in 1907. Later on it start in America 1920 at industrial level.

6. 1. Semen collection “Abdominal massaging method” is used for semen collection. In this method two person are involved in semen collection. One holding the male in thigh in crouching position, second person gently massaging the abdomen 3-4 times toward tail with palm of hand and collect the semen in funnel with other hand.

7. Poultry semen diluent Poultry semen dilueted by the semen extender. The major objective of diluent is to increase number of dose & reduce cost of insemination . Composition of poultry semen extender Sodium chloride 6.8 g/litre Potassium chloride 1.73 g/litre Calcium chloride 0.64 g/litre Sodium bicarbonate 2.4 g/ litre Sodium Lactate 0.31 g/ litre Vit -B-complex 1 ml/5 litre pencilline 100 IU/litre Normal saline 1000 ml

8.   Storage of semen Hen store the sperm in sperm storage tubules (SST). Sperm remain alive in these tubules for long time & realese slowly and fertilize the egg. These tubules located at the junction of uterus & vagina called utero-vagina junction (UVJ).

9. INSEMINATION OF SEMEN TO HEN Generally two person involved in A.I process. One person hold hen with legs in a crouching position & apply pressure on left site of abdomen to cause eversion of oviduct through cloaca with the help of other hand. The second person with the help of tuberculin syringe inseminated semen into everted oviduct to the depth of 2-4 cm.

10. Methods of A.I There are following methods of AI. Swab method Mixer method Gun method Glass straw method Straw and Gun method are used in poultry industry.

11. Glass straw method Material used for A.I Glass funnel Glass straw Disposable syringe Silicon tube Diluent Plastic sheet Dropper mixer Gloves

12. Procedure Place the male on milking table , massage rear part of tail up & down. Put pressure on abdomen , protrude phallus then collect semen into funnel. Mix diluent at require amount. Cover funnel with aluminium foil & move toward inseminator.

13. Inseminating straw Glass straw method is simple, easy & cheap method. Take 3ml disposable syringe. Put half inch silicon pipe for the purpose to hold the glass straw which is fitted on tip of syringe. Put straw of 2 inch with 3mm diameter to fix it one end with silicon pipe which is already fitted with disposable syringe. Pull back plunger of syringe to create 1 ml air space then insert straw into funnel to get require dose of semen. Semen filled straw inserted into vagina of bird.

14. Thank you .