ASL Learn Advanced Squad Leader

Working through Advanced Squad Leader's Line of Sight rules. Many examples!

1. ASL 101: LASL 101: LEARNINGEARNING
AADVANCED DVANCED SSQUADQUAD LLEADEREADER
Session 4: Line of SightSession 4: Line of Sight
with Russ Giffordwith Russ Gifford

2. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
With this module, we’ll cover ‘line of sight’ (LOS). You With this module, we’ll cover ‘line of sight’ (LOS). You
will become familiar with:will become familiar with:
• What terrain blocks line of sight (What terrain blocks line of sight (obstaclesobstacles))
• How hindrances affect LOSHow hindrances affect LOS
• Understanding inherent terrainUnderstanding inherent terrain
• How buildings, hills and blind spots work in ASLHow buildings, hills and blind spots work in ASL
Goals for this ModuleGoals for this Module

3. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
To shoot at To shoot at
anything in anything in
ASL, you have ASL, you have
to be able to to be able to
see the target! see the target!
This is called a This is called a
‘line of sight.’‘line of sight.’
Line of Sight

4. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
““Line of sight” (LOS) means the direct line that Line of sight” (LOS) means the direct line that
connects the center of the hex of the sighting unit to connects the center of the hex of the sighting unit to
the center of the hex of the target. Any terrain that the center of the hex of the target. Any terrain that
the line touches must be evaluated as an obstacle - a the line touches must be evaluated as an obstacle - a
potential block!potential block!
Line of Sight

5. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Very Important Point!Very Important Point!
Players may NOT stretch a LOS string EXCEPT to Players may NOT stretch a LOS string EXCEPT to
check a DECLARED shot!check a DECLARED shot!
Meaning, if you check for LOS, you will take the Meaning, if you check for LOS, you will take the
shot even if you do not have LOS!shot even if you do not have LOS!
Line of Sight

6. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Stretch a sting Stretch a sting
from the center from the center
dot to center dot to center
dot – if it dot – if it
touches a touches a
terrain that terrain that
blocks, then blocks, then
there is NO there is NO
LOS.LOS.
Line of Sight
Blocked
by the
woods!

7. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Each type of terrain, Each type of terrain,
and each type of unit and each type of unit
in ASL is on this in ASL is on this
chart!chart!
Line of Sight

8. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
• Terrain may Terrain may blockblock or or hinderhinder the LOS the LOS
• Blocking terrain is listed as an Blocking terrain is listed as an obstacleobstacle, along , along
with the with the heightheight of the obstacle. of the obstacle.
• If at least one of the units is at a If at least one of the units is at a height greater height greater
than the height of the obstacle,than the height of the obstacle, the LOS may be the LOS may be
clear. (This is called a clear. (This is called a height advantageheight advantage.) .)
Line of Sight

9. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Things this chart tells Things this chart tells
us:us:
Not an obstacleNot an obstacle
Hinders LOS, but Hinders LOS, but
does NOT blockdoes NOT block
Height of obstacle Height of obstacle
Line of Sight

10. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Check this columnCheck this column
Line of Sight

11. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Check this columnCheck this column
And the terrain in And the terrain in
questionquestion
Line of Sight

12. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Check this columnCheck this column
And the terrain in And the terrain in
questionquestion
And see the result.And see the result.
Line of Sight

13. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
•Woods, single hex buildings and level 1 hills Woods, single hex buildings and level 1 hills
are aare a level-one LOS level-one LOS obstacleobstacle. (. (blockblock))
•Hedges and walls are aHedges and walls are a half-level LOS half-level LOS obstacle.obstacle.
•Multihex buildings Multihex buildings without a stairwell symbolwithout a stairwell symbol are are
1 ½ level LOS 1 ½ level LOS obstacle.obstacle.
•Buildings Buildings withwith a stairwell symbol are a a stairwell symbol are a level-two level-two
LOS LOS obstacleobstacle..
Line of Sight Rules

14. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
What is this? What is this?
Line of Sight

15. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
The black box on this chart tells us the terrain is The black box on this chart tells us the terrain is
inherent terraininherent terrain, meaning it takes up the entire , meaning it takes up the entire
hex. hex.
If the LOS touches any part of this hex, even just a If the LOS touches any part of this hex, even just a
shared hex spine, it is touching the shared hex spine, it is touching the terrainterrain and the and the
hindrancehindrance applies. applies.
Line of Sight Rules

16. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
How many single hex How many single hex
buildings (bldg) can buildings (bldg) can
you see? you see?
How many are How many are
wooden? wooden?
How many are stone? How many are stone?
What level obstacle What level obstacle
do they represent?do they represent?
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz

17. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
How many multi-hex How many multi-hex
buildings (bldg) can buildings (bldg) can
you see?you see?
What level block do What level block do
they represent?they represent?
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz

18. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
See any examples of See any examples of
inherentinherent terrain on terrain on
this board?this board?
Just one – Just one – graingrain
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz

19. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
We can see INTO We can see INTO
a hex with a hex with
blocking terrain, blocking terrain,
but not PAST it.but not PAST it.
Unless we have a Unless we have a
height advantage!height advantage!
Line of SightLine of Sight

20. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
We can see INTO We can see INTO
a hex X3, a hex X3,
but not PAST it but not PAST it
to hex Y4.to hex Y4.
(The building in (The building in
X3 is a 1 level X3 is a 1 level
obstacle. We are obstacle. We are
at level 0.) at level 0.)
Line of Sight Line of Sight

21. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
We can see INTO We can see INTO
the woods in hex the woods in hex
X1, X1,
but not PAST it but not PAST it
to hex Y1.to hex Y1.
(The woods in (The woods in
X1 is blocking X1 is blocking
terrain.)terrain.)
Line of SightLine of Sight

22. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
We can see INTO We can see INTO
the woods in hex the woods in hex
W4, W4,
but not PAST it.but not PAST it.
(The woods in (The woods in
X1 is blocking X1 is blocking
terrain – and so is terrain – and so is
the hill.)the hill.)
Line of SightLine of Sight

23. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about the What about the
hedge on the W3/hedge on the W3/
X2 hexside? X2 hexside?
Line of SightLine of Sight

24. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Hexside obstacles Hexside obstacles
are much like in are much like in
hex terrain:hex terrain:
If we touch it, If we touch it,
we can see INTO we can see INTO
the hex, but not the hex, but not
PAST it. PAST it.
Line of SightLine of Sight

25. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
So, the hedge So, the hedge
blocks LOS from blocks LOS from
V2 to Y3. Why?V2 to Y3. Why?
Line of SightLine of Sight

26. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
So, the hedge So, the hedge
blocks LOS from blocks LOS from
V2 to Y3. Why?V2 to Y3. Why?
Because the Because the
attacker and attacker and
target are on target are on
Level 0, and the Level 0, and the
wall is a ½ level wall is a ½ level
obstacle.obstacle.
Line of SightLine of Sight

27. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about the What about the
LOS from V2 to LOS from V2 to
Y2?Y2?
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz

28. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about the What about the
LOS from V2 to LOS from V2 to
Y2?Y2?
Clear!Clear!
The LOS does The LOS does
notnot cross the cross the
hedge.hedge.
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz

29. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Special note on Special note on
Hexside Hexside
obstacles:obstacles:
LOS touches the LOS touches the
terrain if it terrain if it
touches a vertex. touches a vertex.
Line of SightLine of Sight

30. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Other differences Other differences
with hexside with hexside
terrain:terrain:
This LOS crosses This LOS crosses
the hedge. Is the the hedge. Is the
LOS from W4 to LOS from W4 to
X1 blocked?X1 blocked?
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz

31. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Clear!Clear!
Why?Why?
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz

32. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
The MMC is on a The MMC is on a
hill, at level one. hill, at level one.
The hedge is only The hedge is only
a ½ level block a ½ level block
located on a level located on a level
zero hex – total zero hex – total
block height is ½ block height is ½
level.level.
Line of SightLine of Sight
MMC MMC
located at located at
Level 1Level 1

33. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Since the MMC is Since the MMC is
hirer than the hirer than the
blocking terrain, blocking terrain,
(Lvl 1 > Lvl ½) (Lvl 1 > Lvl ½)
the 467 can see the 467 can see
overover the hedge. the hedge.
Line of SightLine of Sight
MMC MMC
located at located at
Level 1Level 1

34. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Another important point: Another important point:
LOS in ASL is LOS in ASL is reciprocalreciprocal – –
if you can see the target, the target can see you!if you can see the target, the target can see you!
Line of Sight

35. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about the LOS What about the LOS
from W4 to X2?from W4 to X2?
The height of W4 The height of W4
allows them to see allows them to see
over it, but -- over it, but --
the hedge still gives a the hedge still gives a
unit in X2 a +1 TEM.unit in X2 a +1 TEM.

Line of SightLine of Sight

36. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about the What about the
LOS from W4 to LOS from W4 to
Y3?Y3?

Line of SightLine of Sight

37. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about the What about the
LOS from W4 to LOS from W4 to
Y3?Y3?
Blocked! Blocked!
Why? Why?
Line of SightLine of Sight

38. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
The height of W4 The height of W4
is Level 1 – is Level 1 –
and so is the and so is the
block height of block height of
the building. the building.
Can see past it, Can see past it,
but need to be but need to be
HIGHER to see HIGHER to see
to the ground.to the ground.
Line of SightLine of Sight

39. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about from What about from
W5 to Y2?W5 to Y2?
Line of SightLine of Sight

40. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about from What about from
W5 to Y2?W5 to Y2?
Clear!Clear!
Why?Why?
Line of SightLine of Sight

41. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
The height of W5 The height of W5
is Level 2 – is Level 2 –
and the block and the block
height of the height of the
building is only building is only
level 1. level 1.
Lvl 2 > Lvl 1Lvl 2 > Lvl 1
Line of SightLine of Sight

42. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about W5 What about W5
to W1?to W1?
Blocked!Blocked!
Why?Why?
Line of SightLine of Sight

43. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
While the Woods While the Woods
in W4 is only a in W4 is only a
Level 1 block – it Level 1 block – it
is ON Level 1, so is ON Level 1, so
it has an actual it has an actual
height of Level 2.height of Level 2.
And that’s the And that’s the
same height as same height as
W5.W5.
Line of SightLine of Sight

44. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
What about W5 What about W5
to Y3?to Y3?
It looks clear – It looks clear –
because terrain is because terrain is
only considered only considered
in the LOS if in the LOS if
terrain is visible terrain is visible
on both sides of on both sides of
the LOS string!the LOS string!
Line of SightLine of Sight

45. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
If it were If it were
touching the touching the
building, it would building, it would
be blocked. be blocked.
Why? Why?
Line of SightLine of Sight

46. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Blind Hexes:Blind Hexes:
Obstacles create Obstacles create potentialpotential blind hexes at the base blind hexes at the base
level behind them equal to their full level height level behind them equal to their full level height
(FRD)(FRD)
Thus: Thus:
•1 hex blind spot behind a level 1 obstacle.1 hex blind spot behind a level 1 obstacle.
•2 blind hexes behind a level 2 obstacle, etc. 2 blind hexes behind a level 2 obstacle, etc.
Line of SightLine of Sight

47. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
A unit in V4:A unit in V4:
Can it seeCan it see
T1? T2? T1? T2?
V2? V1? V2? V1?
What about U1?What about U1?
Those should all Those should all
be easy.be easy.

48. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
A unit in V4 is at A unit in V4 is at
lvl 1, so draw lvl 1, so draw
your lines.your lines.
T1 and T2 are T1 and T2 are
easy – yes.easy – yes.
V1 and V2 are V1 and V2 are
also easy – no.also easy – no.
What about U1? What about U1?

49. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
A unit in V4:A unit in V4:
Can it see U6?Can it see U6?
Both levels, Both levels,
right? right?
What about R3? What about R3?
Both levels?Both levels?
What about S3?What about S3?

50. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
We are only at lvl 1, and the T3 bldg is a lvl 1 We are only at lvl 1, and the T3 bldg is a lvl 1
obstacle – so we can’t see to the ground. obstacle – so we can’t see to the ground.
We say S3 has a blind hex at the lower level We say S3 has a blind hex at the lower level
because of the lvl 1 bldg in T3.because of the lvl 1 bldg in T3.
But since we are at lvl 1, we can see over the top But since we are at lvl 1, we can see over the top
of a lvl 1 block to see anything at the same level.of a lvl 1 block to see anything at the same level.
So we can see the lvl 1 location in S3.So we can see the lvl 1 location in S3.
Line of SightLine of Sight

51. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of SightLine of Sight
On level 1 to On level 1 to
level 1 is clear if level 1 is clear if
nothing higher is nothing higher is
in between.in between.

52. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
A unit in V4:A unit in V4:
What about LOS What about LOS
to T6?to T6?

53. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
A unit in V4:A unit in V4:
Looking at T6, Looking at T6,
we draw the line.we draw the line.
It cuts the corner It cuts the corner
of U6, so we of U6, so we
cannot see cannot see
EITHER level of EITHER level of
T6. T6.

54. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
Now, move the Now, move the
unit to U7:unit to U7:
Still at lvl 1, and Still at lvl 1, and
it can see both it can see both
lvls of T6 and lvls of T6 and
U6. U6.
We cannot see T5 We cannot see T5
or U5 – but can or U5 – but can
see R5 lvl 1? see R5 lvl 1?

55. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
From U7:From U7:
Still at lvl 1, but Still at lvl 1, but
we cannot see the we cannot see the
Lvl 1 locations Lvl 1 locations
past T5 and U5 past T5 and U5
because a multi-because a multi-
hex bldg with no hex bldg with no
inherent stairwell inherent stairwell
is a lvl 1 ½ is a lvl 1 ½
block! block!

56. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
Now - a unit in Now - a unit in
W5:W5:
Can it seeCan it see
U2? U2?
R3? Both levels? R3? Both levels?
What about R7?What about R7?
Those should all Those should all
be easy now.be easy now.

57. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Blind Hexes vary:Blind Hexes vary:
Obstacles create Obstacles create potentialpotential blind hexes behind blind hexes behind
them equal to their full level height (FRD)them equal to their full level height (FRD)
Potential, because a height advantage will reduce Potential, because a height advantage will reduce
the number of blind hexes by one for each full the number of blind hexes by one for each full
level of height advantage beyond the minimum level of height advantage beyond the minimum
to see past the unit. to see past the unit.
Line of SightLine of Sight

58. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
However: However:
Blind Hexes:Blind Hexes:
Potential Blind hexes Potential Blind hexes increaseincrease by one for each by one for each
multiple of 5 hexes in range (FRD). multiple of 5 hexes in range (FRD).
So – at 1 to 5 hexes, blind hexes as per height.So – at 1 to 5 hexes, blind hexes as per height.
6 to 10 hexes – blind hexes increase by one hex.6 to 10 hexes – blind hexes increase by one hex.
11-15 – blind hexes increased by 2 hexes. 11-15 – blind hexes increased by 2 hexes.
Line of SightLine of Sight

59. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
OK – so what OK – so what
about hills and about hills and
blind hexes. Look blind hexes. Look
at W5 to Y4? at W5 to Y4?
Is there a 1 hex Is there a 1 hex
blind spot behind blind spot behind
the level 1 hill? the level 1 hill?
Line of SightLine of Sight

60. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Is there a 1 hex Is there a 1 hex
blind spot behind blind spot behind
the level 1 hill? the level 1 hill?
No. Hills only No. Hills only
create their first create their first
blind hex at blind hex at
distances greater distances greater
than 5 hexes. than 5 hexes.
Line of SightLine of Sight

61. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
Now - a unit in Now - a unit in
W5:W5:
Can it seeCan it see
U6? Both levels? U6? Both levels?
T6? Either level?T6? Either level?
What about S7?What about S7?

62. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
Now - a unit in Now - a unit in
W5:W5:
U6: Yes. U6: Yes.
Continuous Continuous
slope. slope.
T6: No. Can’t see T6: No. Can’t see
through roof!through roof!
S7: Blind hex!S7: Blind hex!

63. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
Last question: Last question:
Unit in W7:Unit in W7:
Can it see R5? If Can it see R5? If
yes, which yes, which
levels?levels?

64. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
W7: Lvl 2W7: Lvl 2
T6: Lvl 1 ½T6: Lvl 1 ½
Lvl 2 > Lvl 1 ½Lvl 2 > Lvl 1 ½
Blind hexes - FRD Blind hexes - FRD
S6: blind.S6: blind.
R5: Clear! (both R5: Clear! (both
levels)levels)

65. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
Last question: Last question:
Unit in W7:Unit in W7:
Can it see R6?Can it see R6?
If yes, which If yes, which
levels?levels?
If no, why not?If no, why not?

66. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz
W7: Lvl 2W7: Lvl 2
U7: Lvl 1 + Lvl 1 U7: Lvl 1 + Lvl 1
woods = Lvl 2woods = Lvl 2
No height No height
advantage means advantage means
no LOSno LOS

67. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Note: Note:
Sometimes in Sometimes in
ASL, the LOS ASL, the LOS
is drawn to a is drawn to a
vertex vertex
((bypassbypass) or a ) or a
hexsidehexside ( (snap snap
shot, road shot, road
movementmovement))
Line of Sight

68. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Does Brush block Does Brush block
LOS?LOS?
Line of Sight

69. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Does Brush Block Does Brush Block
LOS?LOS?
No – it is a No – it is a
hindrance.hindrance.
Line of Sight

70. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Some terrain does NOT block LOS, but hinders Some terrain does NOT block LOS, but hinders
it by adding a +1 modifit by adding a +1 modifier to the attack, or for ier to the attack, or for
sighting: sighting:
Which ones?Which ones?
HindranceHindrance

71. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Some terrain does NOT block LOS, but hinders Some terrain does NOT block LOS, but hinders
it by adding a +1 modifier to the attack, or for it by adding a +1 modifier to the attack, or for
sighting.sighting.
BrushBrush and and graingrain hinder LOS by adding +1 if it is hinder LOS by adding +1 if it is
on the same level as the target and the firing on the same level as the target and the firing
unit.unit.
HindranceHindrance

72. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Smoke and Dust also hinder LOS, as do Smoke and Dust also hinder LOS, as do
orchards, vineyards, crags. orchards, vineyards, crags.
These types hinder LOS even between units not These types hinder LOS even between units not
on the same level.on the same level.
HindranceHindrance

73. ASL 101: Line of SightASL 101: Line of Sight
Note: Different types of smoke offers different Note: Different types of smoke offers different
hindrances. (+1, +2, +3, etc.)hindrances. (+1, +2, +3, etc.)
Also, smoke adds an additional +1 to anyone Also, smoke adds an additional +1 to anyone
firing OUT of a smoke hex!firing OUT of a smoke hex!
HindranceHindrance

74. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Last quiz – which terrain types are Last quiz – which terrain types are inherentinherent? ?
Also note that some counter-noted items are also Also note that some counter-noted items are also
inherent – the main ones are smoke and inherent – the main ones are smoke and
vehicle wrecks. vehicle wrecks.
Line of Sight QuizLine of Sight Quiz

75. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
For further information: For further information:
Read Read Section A6.0 Section A6.0 (all) , (all) ,
B .1 to .10B .1 to .10, and, and
the Terrain Effects dividerthe Terrain Effects divider in in
in the rule book for in the rule book for
AADVANCED DVANCED SSQUAD QUAD LLEADEREADER..
For Further InformationFor Further Information

76. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
Now that you’ve learned how to spot the enemy, Now that you’ve learned how to spot the enemy,
it is time for some target practice!it is time for some target practice!
I suggest you read section 7.0 for prep, and then I suggest you read section 7.0 for prep, and then
report back for live fire practice!report back for live fire practice!
Coming Next SessionComing Next Session

77. ASL 101:ASL 101: Line of SightLine of Sight
In the next module, we’ll get you fired up as we In the next module, we’ll get you fired up as we
take target practice with MMCs and SW!take target practice with MMCs and SW!
See you at See you at
Session 5 – Fire Combat!Session 5 – Fire Combat!
Coming Next SessionComing Next Session

78. ASL 101ASL 101 was created by: was created by:
•Russell Gifford Learning the Great Battles
of the American Civil War
(CD Rom learning series,
2005)
Mass Media and Big
Government (Multi-media
lecture series, 2006)
Spectacular Voyage:
Lewis and Clark in Iowa,
Nebraska and South Dakota
(2002)

79. Additional InformationAdditional Information
Advanced Squad Leader, ASL, and all artwork ©
MMP, 2007
This Presentation is
© 2007 by Russell Gifford
May be used with permission
Write to [email protected]