Asteraceae family(Compositae)

ORDER ASTERALES
Family compositae (Asteraceae)
It is the largest family among angiosperms, containing about 1,620 genera and 23,600 species
Distributation
The member belonging to this family are found in everywhere on the surface of the earth (Cosmopolitan) in each possible type of habitat .Most of them are herbaceous but form tropical regions ,In Pakistan it is represented by many genera few are given as follows.
Scientific Name: Helianthus annus
Local Name: Surij Muki
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Helianthus tuberosus
Local Name: Hatichuk
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Carthanus tinctorius
Local Name: Kusum
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Carthamus oxycanthus
Local Name: Kantiari
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Aertmisia absinthium
Local Name: Vilaiti afsantin
Family: Asteraceae
etc .

1. Afrasiyab Ahmed Bot-15-06 5 th BS BOTANY (4 Years ) Presentation Topic : The Family Asteraceae GOVT POST GRADUATE COLLEGE # 1 ABBOTTABAD

2. Asteraceae ( Compositae ) The name is due to aster shape flowers In greek “ aster”means “ star shape” It contains about 950 genera & 22,000 species In Pakistan family is represented as 139 genera & 776 species

3. Asteraceae ( Compositae ) Distributions: is cosmopolitan / world wide Largest family among the angiosperms About 10% of the total flower among angiosperms

4. Classifications Division Phanerogams Sub-division A ngiosperms Class D icotyledons Sub-class Gamopetalae Series inferae Order Asterales Family Asteraceae

5. Vegetative characters Habit: It may be annual or perennial herbs Some are shrubs rarely trees.

6. Root Tap Root , branched

7. Root In Dahlia the root store foods (tuberous)

8. Stem Herbaceous , erect , branched , hairy . In some cases it is woody rarely climbing

9. Leaves Petiolate ,simple rarly compound Phyllotoxy may be alternate or opposite Hairy Recticulate venations have be recorded .

10. Floral characters Inflorescence: Racemose Head Capitulum

11. Capitulum inflorescence

12. Types of head inflorescence Homogamous when all florets are same in structure and functions e.g vernonia Heterogamous When florets are of two types Ray florets Disc florets

13. Homogamous Vernonia gigantea

14. Ray florets & disc florets Disc floret ray floret

15. Ray floret sessile , Bracteate , incomplete unisexual Zygomorphic epigynous Calyx : Modified into hair like structure ( pappus ) Corolla : 5 petals , Gamopetalous , valvate aestivations Androcium : absent Gynoceium bicarplellary , syncarpous , ovary inferior Placentations Basal

16. Ray floret

17. Disc Floret sessile , Bracteate , complete b isexual actinomorphic epigynous Calyx : Modified into hair like structure ( pappus ) Corolla : 5 petals , Gamopetalous , valvate aestivations Androcium : stamens 5 syngenesious , basifixed Gynoceium bicarplellary , syncarpous , ovary inferior

18. Disc floret

19. Fruit & seed Fruit : An achene (*one seeded achene is called cypsela *) Seed: Non-Endospermic

20. Floral Formula & floral Diagram

21. Economic importance Edible Many plants are used as a source of food i.e root and leaves of Cichorium (chicory)

22. Economic importance Edible leaves of synara and lactuca as food

23. Economic importance Edible Roots of Helianthus tuberosus

24. Economic importance Medicinally important Santonin drug is obtain form Artemisia It is used against round worm

25. As an ORANMENTAL chrysanthemum

26. ORANMENTAL Cos mos Sulpharuence

27. Gazania rigens Tagetes erecta

28. Silybum marianum

29. Parthenum hyestophorus Gajar Ghans .

30. Helianthus annus Suraj Mukkahi