ATT_278_Garlic Prod and Prof BPTP NTB.pptx

presentation on garlic production in sembalun

1. Ahmad Suriadi , SP., M.Agr.Sc ., Ph.D Dr. Moh . Nazam , SP., MSc Titin Sugianti , SP. Lia Hadiawati , SP. M.Agr International Conference on Assessment and Development of Agricultural Innovation 6-7 July 2021 Productivity and Profitability of Garlic Seed Production ( Allium sativum L.) In Tropical Highland of Eastern Indonesia Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (BPTP NTB) INDONESIAN AGENCY FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

2. Introduction Indonesia , national demand for garlic continues to increase but national production is very limited . > 90% of consumption was fulfilled from imports . NTB Province is one of the national garlic production centers . In the 1980s, Sembalun had reached the peak of glory as a major national garlic producer , but currently the garlic production decreased due to: L ack of available seeds and expensive at the time of planting . Import policies : at harvest time, imported garlic was abundance in traditional markets with low prices . Traditional garlic cultivation system

3. 3 For that : it is necessary to build a garlic seed production system in West Nusa Tenggara which includes technical , economic aspects, trade channels , development opportunities and constraints . This study is expected as a reference in expanding the planting area while increasing the production and stability of profitable garlic prices in West Nusa Tenggara . The purpose of this study was to determine productivity and profitability of garlic seed production system in West Nusa Tenggara Province.

4. 2. Materials and Methods 4 2.1 Experimental design Three technology packages: N ational recommendation technology package Site-specific recommendation technology package (BPTP Package ); F armer practices Experimental design: a Randomized c ompletely block design with 6 replications The experiment was conducted through a participatory onfarm research approach, involving 6 farmers as cooperators on 0.7 ha of irrigated highland of Sembalun , East Lombok Regency from April to December 2018

5. Characteristics of technology packages of garlic seed production in highland of Sembalun Indonesia Components of technology package Technology packages A B C Land preparation Complete soil cultivation Bedding size : 1 00 c m wide; bed high: 20-25 cm) , inter bedding 40 cm, Farm yard manures (FYM) 10 t/ha Plastic m ul ch Similar to A Apply dolomit 1 t/ha during soil cultivation and FYM 5 t/ha Adding Trichoderma as tricho -compost Similar to A with no compost and dolomit Seed Certified seed of s angga s embalun variety Certified seed of s angga s embalun variety Certified seed of s angga s embalun variety Planting size 10x10cm 10x10cm 10x10cm Fertilisation FYM 10 t/ha, SP36: 500 kg/ha, Urea 250 kg/ha, Phonska Plus (NPK:15-15-15) 650 kg/ha and ZA 150 kg/ha   FYM 10 t/ha, SP36: 500 kg/ha, Urea 250 kg/ha, Phonska Plus (NPK:15-15-15) 650 kg/ha and ZA 150 kg/ha   SP36: 500 kg/ha, Urea 250 kg/ha, Phonska Plus (NPK:15-15-15) 650 kg/ha and ZA 150 kg/ha   Pest and diseases control Using integrated pest and deceases control Using integrated pest and deceases control Using integrated pest and deceases control Roughing Uprooting diseased plants or abnormal growth according to the identity of the variety and leaving plants with normal and uniform growth Uprooting diseased plants or abnormal growth according to the identity of the variety and leaving plants with normal and uniform growth Uprooting diseased plants or abnormal growth according to the identity of the variety and leaving plants with normal and uniform growth Harvesting Harvesting was done at 95-120 DAP and 70-80% yellowing leaves and solid tubers. Harvesting was done at 95-120 DAP and 70-80% yellowing leaves and solid tubers. Harvesting was done at 95-120 DAP and 70-80% yellowing leaves and solid tubers. Drying and storing Harvested tubers were sun dried for 1-2 weeks and store for 5-6 months Harvested tubers were sun dried for 1-2 weeks and store for 5-6 months Similar to A

6. 6 Parameters measured includes : farm input and output components, yield , and financial analysis . Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Parameters and s tatistical analysis Financial analysis includes : Income of farming production break- even point (TIP) and price break- even point (TIH ) R/C ratio Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio (MBCR) A new technology is economically feasible if MBCR ≥ 2.0

7. 7 1. Productivity of garlic at various technology packages ( fresh weight ) RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Treatments Replication (t ha -1 ) fresh bulbs Average 1 2 3 4 5 6 A 43 . 440 37 . 814 41 . 034 38 . 313 47 . 922 44 . 618 42 . 190 b B 36 . 143 38 . 906 37 . 350 35 . 933 44 . 952 40 . 633 38 . 986 b C 30 . 296 33 . 087 30 . 259 28 . 975 29 . 710 35 . 138 31 . 244 a

8. 8 Treatments Replication (t ha -1 ) dry bulb Average 1 2 3 4 5 6 A 15,508 13,500 14,649 13,678 17,108 15,929 15,062b B 14,746 15,874 15,239 14,661 18,340 16,578 15,906b C 12,421 13,566 12,406 11,880 12,181 14,406 12,810a 2 . Productivity of garlic at various technology packages (dry weight )

9. 2. Cost Structure and Farming Income 9 Cost components and production Te ch nolog y packages A B C (Eksisting) Imput production       Seed @Rp.40.000/kg 40.000.000 40.000.000 40.000.000 Lime @Rp.1.400/kg 1.400.000 1.400.000 - Compost ( as basalt ) @Rp.1.000/kg 10.000.000 5.000.000 - Inorganic fertilizer ( packages ) 9.325.000 9.325.000 9.325.000 Mu lch @Rp.600.000/roll 8.400.000 8.400.000 8.400.000 pesticide ( package ) 5.000.000 5.000.000 5.000.000 Total (a-f) 74.125.000 69.125.000 62.725.000 Labour       Land Preparation (1 ha) 5.500.000 5.500.000 5.500.000 Liming 500.000 500.000 - Basalt fertilizer 500.000 500.000 500.000 Installing mulch 14 Roll 2.120.000 2.120.000 2.120.000 Seedling (1 ha) 1.500.000 1.500.000 1.500.000 Fertilizer (1-4 kali) 1.000.000 1.000.000 1.000.000 Plant maintenance ( irrigation , weeding , pesticide application) 2.500.000 2.500.000 2.500.000 Harvesting 25.314.000 23.391.600 18.746.400 Total 2 (a-h) 38.934.000 37.011.600 32.366.400 Capital interest 10% (1+2) Rp. Season -1 11.305.900 10.613.660 9.509.140 Total Cost (1+2+3) Rp.ha -1 124.364.900 116.750.260 104.600.540 Fresh bulb Yield(t ha -1 ) 42,190 38,986 31,244 Fresh yield values Rp.ha -1 421.900.000 389.860.000 312.440.000 Revenue (Rp.h -1 ) 297.535.100 273.109.740 207.839.460 RC ratio (in fresh) 3,39 3,34 2,99 Seed storing for 12 week   Bamb o for loft 7.000.000 7.000.000 7.000.000 Making loft 2.000.000 2.000.000 2.000.000 tarpaulin 1.000.000 1.000.000 1.000.000 Sorting of seed candidates and storage 2.000.000 2.000.000 2.000.000 Rope repair 1.000.000 1.000.000 1.000.000 Total 9 ( a-e) Rp. 13.000.000 13.000.000 13.000.000 Capital interest 10% 1.300.000 1.300.000 1.300.000 Seed certification 5.000.000 5.000.000 5.000.000 Total cost (4+ 9 + 10 +1 1 ) Rp.ha -1 143.664.900 136.050.260 123.900.540 Dry yield bulb t ha -1 15,062 15,906 12,810 Value of dry yield bulb Rp ha -1 602.480.000 636.240.000 512.400.000 Revenue (1 4 - 12 ) 463.815.100 505.189.740 393.499.460 RC ratio seed (14/12) 4,34 4,85 4,31

10. 3. Feasibility of technology introduced 10 Description A Pa c k age B Pa c k age 1. Benefit from new technology Rp. Ha -1 463.815.100 505.189.740 2. Benefit of farmer technology (C package ) Rp. Ha -1 393.499.460 393.499.460 3. Difference benefit (1-2) Rp. Ha -1 70.315.640 111.690.280 4. Total cost from new technology Rp. Ha -1 143.664.900 136.050.260 5. Total cost from farmer technology Rp. Ha -1 123.900.540 123.900.540 6. Difference total cost (4-5) Rp. Ha -1 19.764.360 12.149.720 7. Value of MBCR (3/6) 3,56 9,19 The feasibility of a new technology is based on the marginal benefit cost ratio ( MBCR) value. If the value of the MBCR is greater than 2, it can be said that the new technology is feasible to be developed.

11. 4. Break- even p oint of g arlic s eed p roduction 11 Description A Package B Package C Package 1. Total cost (Rp) 143.664.900 136.050.260 123.900.540 2. Seed price (ton) 40.000.000 40.000.000 40.000.000 3. Yield break-even point (1/2) ton 3,592 3,401 3,098 4. Seed production (kg) 15.062 15.906 12.810 5. Price break-even point (1/4) Rp/kg 9.538 8.553 9.672

12. Conclusions Yield of garlic at technology package A and B was significantly different compared to package C with average fresh weight yield were 42.19 t ha-1, 38.99 t ha-1 and 31.24 t ha-1, respectively. The trend of garlic yield on dry weight bases after storing for 12 months was similar to fresh weight bases with dry yield of A, B and C technology packages were 15.99 t ha-1, 15.91 t ha-1, 12.81 t ha-1, respectively . The business of producing garlic seeds in Sembalun East Lombok was feasible , for both fresh and dry weight bases with R/C in fresh weight for packages A, B and C were 3.39, 3.34; and 2.99, and R/C in dry weight were 4.34, 4.85 and 4.31, respectively . The introduction of technology package B is more feasible to develop than package A with MBCR value of 9.36 compared to 3.56. Break- even point of production and the price of package B was lower than that of package A

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