Auditing of hvac by parag

Auditing of critical parameter:- HVAC(heating, ventilation and air conditioning system) 2021; In these presentation includes the requirement of HVAC, Auditing of HVAC components, technical analysis of HVAC components, WHO-GMP audis of HVAC then
Rogert william statement on HVAC, working of HVAC systems and their components Core function of HVAC, Market trends and market analysis of HVAC, WHO guidelines on HVAC system.

1. WELCOME

2. Auditing of Critical system : HVAC PRESENTED BY:- PARAG.P.GHADIGAONKAR 1 ST YEAR M.PHARM IN PQA Under Guidance Of:- PROF.V.V.KUNJIR. Roll.No :-1. Semester 2( SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY-2019 PATTERN) Subject Name :-Audits and regulatory compliance. Date-18/06/2021

3. CONTENTS 1) Introduction :- a)Definitions b)Requirements of HVAC system. 2)Auditing of HVAC components:- a)Air conditioning system b)Pumping system c)Hot water generator and boiler 3)Technical analysis of energy audit for HVAC components: a)Chillers b) AHU 8)Core functions of HVAC 7)Working of HVAC system and their components:- a)HVAC systems; b)CQM of HVAC systems c)Air filtration,direction and pressure differentials 4)Inspection of HVAC systems 5)WHO-GMP audits on HVAC 6) Rogert william statement on audit of HVAC 9)Market trends and analysis of HVAC:- 5 new HVAC technologies 10)WHO guidelines on HVAC

4. 1) Introduction Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is designed to achieve the environmental requirements of the comfort of occupants and a process. The data sheet used for auditing acts as a significant source for energy efficient HVAC systems. Optimization of HVAC includes the test performance of equipment and then formulate the energy audit report for the implementation of the energy conservation steps. Fig. Energy Audit Process

5. A) Definitions :- Air-handling unit (AHU) :- The AHU serves to condition the air and provide the required airflow within a facility. Auditing(by ISO): A systematic and independent examination to determine whether quality activities and related results comply with planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve objectives. Containment:- A process or device to contain product, dust or contaminants in one zone, preventing it from escaping to another zone. HVAC audit:- It is defined as measuring all the operating parameters such as water flow inlet &out water temperatures, gas suctions & discharge pressure etc., Energy audit:- It is defined as an inspection survey and an analysis of energy flows for energy conservation in a building. 

6. B) Requirements of HVAC Systems:- Four requirements are the bases for any HVAC systems:- a) Primary equipment, b) Space requirement, c) Air distribution, and d) Piping. Primary equipment :- It includes; i ) Heating equipment such as steam boilers and hot water boilers to heat buildings or spaces. ii) Refrigeration equipment that delivers cooled or conditioned air into space. ex. refrigerants or water chillers. iii) Air delivery equipment as a packaged equipment it can deliver conditioned ventilation air by using centrifugal fans, axial fans. . Fig. Steam Boilers Fig. Water chillers Fig. Centrifugal fans

7. Space requirement:- It includes; i )Equipment rooms:-. It is preferable to be centrally located in the building to reduce the long duct, pipe to simplify shaft layouts, centralized maintenance and operation. ii)HVAC facilities:-Heating equipment and refrigeration equipment require many facilities to perform their primary tasks of heating and cooling in the building. iii) Fan rooms:-The rooms should consider the size of the installation and removal of fan shafts and coils, the replacement, and maintenance. iv) Vertical shaft:-It can provide space for air distribution, water and steam pipe distribution. v) Equipment access:-The equipment room must allow the movement of large, heavy equipment during the installation, replacement, and maintenance. Fig . Equipment Room

8. Air distribution:- It includes; i ) Air distribution considers ductwork that delivers the conditioned air to the desired area in a direct, quiet, and economical way as possible. ii) Air distribution includes air terminal units such as grilles and diffusers to deliver supply air into a space at low velocity. Fig. Air distribution system

9. Piping:- i )The piping system is used to deliver refrigerant, hot water, cooled water, steam in a direct, quiet and affordable way. ii) Piping systems can be divided into two parts: the piping in the central plant equipment room and the delivery piping. Fig. Piping systems

10. 2)Auditing of HVAC components a) Air conditioning systems:- i ) Analysis of AC performance like estimation of coefficient of performance (COP), specific energy consumption (SEC). ii) Review of present AC system like central AC, VRVs(variable refrigerant volume) etc. iii) Performance assessment of chillers, cooling towers, air handling units (AHUs). iv) Performance assessment of central AC, VRV system. Fig. Cooling tower

11. B) Pumping systems:- i )Review of chiller water pumping and distribution systems. ii) Performance assessment of all major water pumps i.e. power consumption of pumping and estimation of pump efficiency. iii) Exploring the energy conservation option in water pumping system. Fig. Centrifugal pump Fig. Estimation of pump efficiency

12. C) Hot water generator and boiler:- i ) Performance evaluation of hot water generator & boiler. ii) Study of specific energy consumption of present hot water system. Fig. Hot water generator for HVAC System

13. 3) Technical analysis of energy audit for HVAC components A) Chillers:- i )Measuring all the operating parameters such as water flow inlet &out water temperatures, gas suctions & discharge pressure, power consumption etc. ii) Calculation of operating Input KW per TR of Chillers for each chiller. Fig. Chillers

14. B) Air handling units:- i ) Measurement of airflow, relative humidity(RH), supply air temperature , return air temperature , chilled water inlet and outlet temperature, and energy consumption of air handling units (AHUs). ii) Examination of air handling units for air delivery capacity, temperature pattern, pressure drop and operational pattern with respect to time. iii) Calculation of actual tonnage of AHUs and measurement of operating zone temperatures under each unit. Fig. Air handling unit

15. 4) Inspection of HVAC system Visual check Function check and check of the control equipment, especially the thermostats. Cleaning of the filters and heat exchangers, condenser and evaporator. Inspection of air delivery systems in treated space. Inspection of system controls. Fig. Thermostat

16. 5) WHO-GMP auditing on HVAC i ) The HVAC system was provided with an alarm for T and RH. Filters cleaning was properly documented. Preventive maintenance schedule and check lists were presented to inspectors. ii) Training records of the staff that was cleaning the HVAC pre-filters. iii) The SOP on preventive maintenance of motors showed that AHU motors were serviced every 6 months. iv) The HVAC systems in each unit generally consist of many separate and independent units. Fig. HVAC alarms

17. 6) Roger Williams Statement on audit of HVAC Develop a conceptual preliminary HVAC design that meets the operation requirements of the facility as specified by the owner.  Identify and investigate opportunities to incorporate more modern energy generating technologies into the facility.  Provide the client with a general overall report and recommendations for moving forward. Roger Williams

18. 7) Working of HVAC systems and their components Air handling systems:- i ) There should be no failure of a supply air fan, return air fan, exhaust air fan or dust extract system fan. ii) Air should be dried with a chemical dryer. Fig. Exhaust air grilles Fig. Chemical dryer A)HVAC systems:-

19. Recirculation system:- i )There should be no risk of contamination or cross-contamination due to recirculation of air. ii) Recirculation of air from areas where pharmaceutical dust is not generated such as secondary packing, may not require HEPA filters in the system. iii) HEPA filters may be located in the air-handling unit or placed terminally. Fig. HEPA filter.

20. Full fresh air system:- i ) Energy-recovery wheels should normally not be used in multiproduct facilities. ii) When such wheels are used they should not become a source of possible contamination. iii) The potential for air leakage between the supply air and exhaust air as it passes through the wheel should be prevented. Fig. Full fresh air system.

21. B)Commissioning, qualification and maintenance(CQM) of HVAC systems:- Commissioning:- i )Commissioning should include the setting up, balancing, adjustment and testing of the entire HVAC system, to ensure that it meets all the requirements as specified in the user requirement specification (URS). ii) The data should include items such as the design and measurement figures for airflows, water flows, system pressures and electrical amperages. Fig. Distillation column shows system pressure.

22. Qualification:- i ) Stages of the qualification of the HVAC system should include DQ, IQ, OQ and PQ. ii) Critical and non-critical parameters should be determined by means of a risk analysis for all HVAC installation components, subsystems and controls. iii) For a pharmaceutical facility, based on a risk assessment, some of the typical HVAC system parameters that should be qualified may include; — temperature — relative humidity — supply air quantities for all diffusers — return air or exhaust air quantities — room air change rates — room pressures (pressure differentials) etc.,

23. Maintenance:- i )Operation and maintenance (O&M) manuals, procedures and records should be available and kept up to date with details of any system. ii) There should be a planned preventive maintenance programme for the HVAC system. iii) The O&M manuals may typically contain the following information: ■ maintenance instructions; ■ list of equipment suppliers; ■ spare parts list; ■ equipment data/capacity schedules etc., Fig. Operation and maintenance manual.

24. C) Air filtration, airflow direction and pressure differentials:- i ) Filtration of re-circulated air is carried out effectively, to ensure that there is no risk of cross-contamination. ii) Filters selected for air filtration should be determined and specified. And mostly the manufacturers chooses the HEPA filter for desired degree of filtration of air. iii) Airflow directions should be specified and proven to promote containment and not be adversely affected or obstructed by equipment, utilities, containers or personnel. iv) The pressure differential should be of sufficient magnitude to ensure containment and prevention of flow reversal, but should not be so high as to create turbulence problems. Fig. Pressure differential.

25. 8)Core Functions of HVAC systems Controlling the micro-organisms and particles in the air and dust. And HVAC system has to primarily control dust, which is eliminated through filtration. Maintaining the right temperature in the production spaces. Maintaining the right relative humidity. Controlling the moisture in the manufacturing spaces is achieved by the installation of desiccant dehumidifiers. Fig. Desiccant dehumidifiers

26. 9) Market trends and analysis of HVAC system A) Market trends of HVAC:- It includes; Thermal powered air conditioning system. Cloud-connected HVAC systems enable creation of smart and efficient facilities. Geothermal cooling & heating presents viable option to improve building efficiency.

27. B) Market analysis of HVAC system:- Market analysis of HVAC systems can be done in our country:- I) India:- High growth opportunities identified in India Healthy demand for air conditioner systems Regional demand patterns Fig . Energy efficient HVAC

28. i )Sustainable HVAC Systems ii)Smart Thermostats iii)Preventative Maintenance iv)Mobile-Friendly Technology v)Virtual Reality (VR) Training. Fig. Smart Thermostat Fig. VR training C)Top 5 new HVAC technologies:-

29. 10) WHO guidelines on HVAC The HVAC system capacity should be sufficient to ensure that the required performance is maintained during normal use. Materials for constructing the components of an HVAC system should not become a source of contamination. Air-handling units (AHUs) should be provided with adequately designed drains to remove any condensate that may form in them. Fig. Air handling unit

30. References 1)``HVAC system analysis and energy audit”, by `roger william university community partnership center; May-2014; page.no.1. 2)``Quality assurance of pharmaceuticals:-A compendium of guidelines and related materials of GMP practices and inspection”, by WHO; volume-2; second edition; page.no.89-97. 3) ``Technical analysis of energy audit for HVAC components”, by M.K.Grath ; May-2020. A review article on ,`` Types of HVAC systems”, by shaimaa seyam ; page.no . 49-52. ``Interpretation of guidelines on HVAC system for non-sterile pharmaceutical products”, by WHO-technical report series; annex-2; 2019; page.no . 108-110.

31. 6)``HVAC systems- market analysis, trends and forecasts”, by Dublin; global HVAC systems industry report 2020-2025 ;cloud-connected HVAC systems enable creation of smart & efficient facilities; 9 th March 2020. 7)``5 new HVAC technology and innovations changing the industry in 2020”, by Kindra .K.; 12 th Feb 2020. 8)Article on ,``Working of HVAC system and it’s functions”, by Ankur choudhary ; 21 th Feb 2021. 9)``Energy auditing of a commercial building – optimization of HVAC system and solar assisted heat pump”, by Vineet kumar , Rajneesh kumar ; volume 5; issue 7; page.no . 657 to 659. 10)``A compilation of WHO-GMP audit findings”, by A.Jwalakanth ; 2020; page.no . 5-10.

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