AZ Nuclear Chemistry 24.pptx............................

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1. Nuclear Chemistry

2. Isotope notation Isotope Notation includes additional information about an isotope. In addition to the chemical symbol, the mass number and the atomic number are included. This allows information about the nucleus to be determined.

3. Radioactivity – What is it?

4. Radioactivity – What is it?

5. RadioActivity – What is it?

6. RadioActivity – Alpha Particles

7. Radioactivity – Beta Particles

8. RadioActivity – GAMMA WAVES

9. RadioActivity – SUMMARY

10. NUCLEAR DECAY REACTIONS SOME Elements are naturally unstable they tend to undergo alpha-decay or beta-decay to become more stable. They may take several steps in order to achieve this, thus we observe decay chains (also known as series decay) for most radioactive elements. For example, it takes U-238 14 steps of alpha and beta decay to become completely stable

11. Identifying alpha and beta decay REACTIONS

12. Identifying alpha and beta decay REACTIONS

13. Balancing NUCLEAR DECAY REACTIONS

14. FISSION and fusion Fission: Fission is the process of splitting an atom. Fusion: Nuclear fusion is the process by which multiple small atomic nuclei join together to form a heavier nucleus.

15. FISSION and fusion

16. When radioactive isotopes decay, they do so exponentially. Their rate of decay is determined through an understanding of half-life. Half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms of an unstable isotope to decay. ATOMS with short half-lives are more unstable than those with long half-lives. HALF LIFE

17. HALF LIFE examples Radon-222 decays with a half-life of 3.82 days . If an initial sample of the element contains 1000 atoms , how long will it take for the sample to decay down to 125 atoms ? Your time must always start at 0 days! Solution  Amount Time 1000 atoms 0 days

18. HALF LIFE examples An initial sample of zinc-61 contains 215 grams . After 976 days , the sample size has reduced to 13.4375 grams . What is the half-life of zinc-61 atoms? Solution  Amount Time 215 grams 0 days Note: Total time/# Half lives = Length of half life