AZOTOBACTER & AZOSPIRIILUM.pptx

AZOTOBACTER
AZOSPIRILLUM
- MICROBIAL INTERACTION WITH PLANTS

1. FREE LIVING AND SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN FIXERS I PG MICROBIOLOGY SRCW 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 1

2. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 2 NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIA

3. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 3

4. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 4 AZOTOBACTER

5. INTRODUCTION 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 5

6. TYPES 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 6

7. AZOTOBACTER Heterotrophic, naturally occurring, nitrogen fixing bacterium. Found in neutral or alkaline soil. Eg : Azotobacter chrococcum & Azotobacter beijerinckii – important species. Helps the plant in fixing nitrogen. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 7

8. AZOTOBACTER 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 8

9. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 9 AZOTOBACTER BIOFERTILIZER USES It is crucial to remember that azotobacter biofertilizer uses have shown that they are of tremendous help in ensuring plant health . The azotobacter is widely used in agriculture to increase soil fertility and stimulate plant growth . The presence of azotobacter is prominent in biofertilizers . They are also crucial in the manufacture of alginic acid that is renowned in medicine as an antacid. It is also essential to highlight that azotobacter is critical to the food industry as well.

10. AZOTOBACTER - CHARACTERISTICS 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 10

11. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 11 AZOSPIRILLUM Azospirillum  is a plant growth-promoting diazotroph. It is a free-living, gram-negative bacteria. They are rod shaped and do not produce spores. They are microaerophilic, i.e., they are aerobic but can survive under low oxygen conditions as well. They are found in freshwater and in close association with plant roots in soil habitats. It is the plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) 

12. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 12

13. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 13 They secrete plant hormones that make the root grow more branches and root hairs. It makes nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus more available to the plants. It also produces antioxidants that protect the plants in stressful conditions. It competes with disease-causing microbes, making the plant less susceptible to diseases. CHARACTERISTICS

14. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 14 AZOSPIRILLUM MODE OF ACTION

15. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 15 Azotobacter Azospirillum Description Azotobacter is an aerobic, soil-dwelling bacteria. Azospirillum is microaerophilic and surface colonising bacteria. Oxygen Requirement They are aerobic bacteria and require high oxygen concentration for them to function. They are aerobic, but are also microaerophilic and can survive in low oxygen conditions. Shape of Bacteria Oval or spherical shape. Oblong-rod shaped. Formation of Cysts They form cysts to protect themselves from harsh environmental conditions. No formation of cysts. Functions It functions mainly as a nitrogen fixer, also useful in the production of biofertilisers and biopolymers. It is mainly useful as a plant growth-promoting bacteria. Family of the Bacteria Pseudomonadaceae Azospirillaceae Temperature for Growth 20°C to 30°C 5°C to 42°C DIFFERENCE

16. 17-10-2023 SRCW I PG MICROBIOLOGY 16 MARKET PRODUCTS