Baculovirus npv

Clear cut idea on Baculovirus-NPV

1. BHARATHIDASAN UNIVERSITY TIRUCHIRAPPALLI-24 DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY BACULOVIRUS-NPV

2. Baculoviruses : Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. Like some Human viruses , they are extremely small ,double - stranded DNA that codes for genes needed for virus establishment and reproduction. Immature forms of moth species are the most common hosts, but these viruses have also been found infecting sawflies , mosquitoes, and shrimp.

3. Baculoviruses have very species- specific tropisms among the invertebrates with over 600 host specie Have been described. Typically initial infection occurs when a susceptible host insect feds on plants that are contaminated with The occluded form of the virus. Baculoviruses infection can be divided to three distinct phases: Early(0-6 hpost –infection), Late(6-24 h p.i.) Very late phase(18-24 to72 h p.i.)

4. NPV: The Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV), part of family of baculoviruses , is a virus , affecting insects predominantly moths and butterfly. It has been used as a pesticide. VIRUS CLASSIFICATION : Group : Group I( dsDNA ) Family : Baculoviridae

5. Descripition : The polyhedral capsid from which the virus gets its name extremely stable protein crystal that protects the virus in the external environment. It dissolves in the alkaline midgut of moths and butterflies to release the virus particle and infect the larva. An example of an insect that it infects is the fall webworm.

6. Discoloration (brown and yellow) Stress (regurgitation) Decomposition (liqufication) Lethargic (slow movement to nomovement at all; refusal to eat) SYMPTOMS:

7. Transmissibility: NPV is transferred from insect to insect through crystals in their bodily emissions . The virus is unable to infect the humans in the way it does insects, because human cells are acid-based and NPV requires an alkaline cell in order to replicate. It is possible for the virus crystals to enter human cells, but no to replicate to the point of causing illness.

8. MODE OF ACTION OF NPV: Occlusion bodies are ingested by insect larvae.In the highly alkaline p H of the midgut,the occlusion body protein dissolves and is further degraded by host alkaline proteases . The virus particles are released from polyhedral and subsequently attach to the peritropic membrane lining the midgut . The lipoprotein membrane surrounding the virus fuses with plasma membrane of the gut wall cells and liberates nucleocapsids into the cytoplasm.

9. The nucleotide transport virus into the nucleus of the cell and virus gene expressions begins. The virus multiplies rapidly and eventually fills the body of the host with virus particles.

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