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1. Bahia Palace  Marrakech, Morocco

2. Architectural Features Arched Doorways The palace's ornate, arched doorways are not just aesthetically pleasing but also contribute to the building's natural ventilation . Courtyards The central courtyards act as thermal chimneys, drawing warm air upwards and facilitating cross-ventilation. Water Features Fountains and pools in the courtyards provide evaporative cooling, further enhancing the palace's natural climate control.

3. Cooling Techniques Thermal Mass The dense materials used in construction, such as tile and plaster, absorb and store heat, regulating indoor temperatures . Cross-Ventilation The strategic placement of windows and courtyards promotes airflow, allowing warm air to rise and be replaced by cooler air. Evaporative Cooling The fountains and pools in the courtyards provide evaporative cooling, further enhancing the palace's natural climate control.

4. Courtyard Design: Function: Courtyards are central features of Moroccan architecture, providing shade, ventilation, and natural light. Climate Control: Courtyards act as natural airwells , drawing cool air from underground and releasing it into the building. They also provide shade, reducing heat gain from direct sunlight. Water Features: Function: Fountains, pools, and other water features are commonly found in Moroccan architecture. Climate Control: Water has a cooling effect, helping to reduce the temperature of the surrounding air. The sound of flowing water also creates a peaceful and relaxing atmosphere. Thick Walls: Function: The palace's walls are typically thick and made of mudbrick or stone. Climate Control: Thick walls provide insulation, helping to keep the interior cool in the summer and warm in the winter. They also help to block noise and create a private and peaceful environment.

5. Building Materials Tile Colorful, decorative tiles adorn the palace's walls, floors, and fountains, adding visual interest and thermal mass. Plaster Intricate plaster carvings and decorations not only contribute to the palace's aesthetic but also provide thermal insulation. Wood Carved wood elements, such as doors and ceilings, add warmth and texture to the interior spaces. Marble The use of marble in key areas, like the central fountain, adds a sense of grandeur and thermal mass.

6. Tadelakt : Material: A lime-based plaster made from natural pigments, sand, and water. Function: Tadelakt is used to create smooth, waterproof surfaces throughout the palace, including walls, floors, and fountains. Its dense, impermeable nature helps to regulate humidity and temperature, providing a comfortable interior environment Zellige : Material: Ceramic tiles with intricate geometric patterns. Function: Zellige is used extensively throughout the palace, adorning walls, floors, and fountains. The tiles' dense, non-porous nature helps to insulate the building, keeping it cool in the summer and warm in the winter. Mudbrick: Material: Sun-dried bricks made from clay and straw. Function: Mudbrick is used for the outer walls of the palace. Its thick, insulating properties help to keep the interior cool in the summer and warm in the winter.