Barium enema

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1. BARIUM ENEMA

2. BARIUM ENEMA A barium enema is a test used to help visualise the colon (large bowel). A barium enema is used to look for problems in the colon, such as polyps, inflammation (colitis), narrowing of the colon, tumours, diverticulitis

3. 2 TYPES OF BARIUM ENEMAS SINGLE CONTRAST STUDY The colon is filled with barium, which outlines the intestine and reveals large abnormalities . 2. DOUBLE CONTRAST @ AIR –CONTRAST STUDY the colon is first filled with barium then the barium is drained out, leaving only a thin layer of barium on the wall of the colon. The colon is then filled with air . This provides a detailed view of the inner surface of the colon, making it easier to see narrowed areas (strictures), diverticula , or inflammation.

4. PERSEDIAAN PESAKIT 2 hari sebelum tarikh pemeriksaan Elakkan makanan yang tidak mudah hadam ( kekacang,sayur-sayuran,daging , ayam ) Banyakkan minum air(8-10 gelas sehari ) Makan makanan hadam seperti mee maggi,bubur nasi Elakkan merokok dan minuman bergas .

5. 1 hari sebelum tarikh pemeriksaan Elakkan makanan yang tidak mudah hadam ( kekacang , sayur - sayuran , daging , ayam ) Banyakkan minum air (8-10 gelas sehari ) Makan makanan hadam ( mee maggi,bubur nasi ) Elakkan merokok dan minuman bergas . Ambil ubat FLEET seperti yang diarahkan Arahan penggunaan FLEET Campurkan 45CC Fleet dengan1/2 gelas air.( setiap kali minum ) Campuran ini diminum 1 hari sebelum pemeriksaan iaitu pada (.. tarikh ..) pukul 2 petang dan 7 malam . Masukkan Fleet enema pada pagi hari pemeriksaan (.. tarikh ..) Mula berpuasa pada pukul 12 tengah malam .

6. How is a barium enema done? You will be asked to wear a gown lie on a couch on your side or front A small tube is then put into your anus (back passage) and Pt placed in Sims’ position before enema tip is inserted. gently pushed up a few centimetres. (not exceed 3-4 cm to prevent possible injury to the wall of the rectum. Barium liquid is then passed through the tube into your colon. Ask pt to move into different positions , to help with the flow of the barium liquid. Give you an injection of a drug that makes the muscles in the wall of the colon relax.( relieve the cramping.)

7. Pass some air down the enema tube into the colon. (This may feel a little uncomfortable ) The air expands the colon and also pushes the barium to coat the lining of the colon. When the barium has spread throughout the colon, X-ray image are taken with different positions. ( to have all parts of the colon.) ( Low-dose X-rays are used so the total amount of radiation for the whole test is quite small and thought to be safe.) The tube is then removed and pt can go to the toilet. The test takes about 15-20 minutes.

8. WHY USE BARIUM LIQUID to spread all along the colon as far as the caecum (where the small intestine joins the colon).

9. Side-effects From Barium Enema have stomach cramps for a few hours . The barium may make you constipated. So, to help prevent constipation: Have lots to drink for a day Eat plenty of fruit for a day .(See your doctor if you haven't passed any faeces (stools) after three days). 3. If you had an injection to relax the muscles in your colon, it may cause of your vision for an hour If this happens NOT to drive until The barium does not get absorbed into the body.

10. PROJECTION PA /AP PROJECTION RAO-to include rectal ampulla LAO-to include L colic flexure LPO-for right colic (hepatic)flexure RPO-for left colic( splenic )flexure L @ R LATERAL DECUBITUS-air filled portions of the large intestine.

11. Barium Enema, Single Contrast Cecum Terminal Ileum Transverse Colon Descending Colon Sigmoid Ascending Colon

12. Barium Enema, Double Contrast (Right Lateral Decubitus ) Hepatic Flexure Note the effect of gravity

13. Barium Enema, Double Contrast (Prone Position) Cecum

14. Barium Enema, Double Contrast (Supine Position) Rectum

15. THE END الحمد لله الذي بنعمته تتم الصالحات أسال الله التوفيق لي ولكم