BASIC Fire Suppression PPT- Civilian.pptx

Basic Fire Suppression - Civilian

1. BASIC Fire Suppression

2. Topics Introduction Fire Dynamics Fire Suppression Portable Fire Extinguishers Ventilation Closing

3. Basic Principles of Fire Science 3

4. Physical Science Terms 4

5. Chemical Chain Reaction:

6. Fire Triangle 6

7. Oxidizers Not combustible Will support or enhance combustion 7

8. Oxidation 8

9. Potential and Kinetic energy 9

10. Exchange of Energy 10

11. Fire Tetrahedron 11

12. Fire Tetrahedron 12 Fuel limited Air Limited Brake-the-Chain

13. Nonflaming combustion 13

14. Flaming Combustion 14

15. Flaming combustion 15

16. Fuel’s chemical composition changes as it burns, which produces new substances Simply described as heat and smoke Exposure to toxic gases in smoke and/or lack of oxygen caused most fire deaths Smoke is an aerosol that is a product of incomplete combustion Products of combustioin 16

17. Air entrapment 17

18. Portable Fire Extinguishers 18

19. Portable Fire Extinguishers 19

20. Classification of Fires 20

21. Class A- Ordinary Combustibles 21 Textiles Paper Plastics Rubber Wood Class A fuel examples Water Water-based agents Dry chemicals Monoammonium phosphate Ammoni um Sulfate Extinguishing agents

22. Class A- Ordinary Combustibles 22 Rated from 1-A through 40-A Rating is based on amount of water and duration and range of discharge

23. Class B- Flammable and Combustible Liquids 23 Alcohol Gasoline Oils Liquefied Petroleum Gas - LPG Class B fuel examples Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Dry Chemicals Class B Foam Extinguishing agents

24. Class B- Flammable and Combustible Liquids 24 Rated from 1-B through 640-B Rating is based on approximate square foot (meter) area of flammable liquid fire that a nonexpert operator can extinguish using one full extinguisher Expected to extinguish 1 square foot (0.09m 2 ) for each numerical rating or value

25. Class C – Energized Electrical Equipment 25 Extinguishing agents Water and water-based agents cannot be used until electricity is shut off Class C agents will not conduct electricity Once power supply is off, treat as a Class A or B fire Class C extinguishers Not specifically rated based on capability tests Class C rating assigned in addition to Class A and/or B rating

26. Class D – Combustible Metals and Alloys 26 Class D fuel examples Titanium Lithium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Magnesium Fires identified by bright white emissions during combustion Common uses: cameras, laptops, luggage, box springs, automobile wheels and transmissions

27. Class D – Combustible Metals and Alloys 27 Extinguishing Agents Dry powder (Dry Powder is not Dry Chemical) ONLY USE D RATED EXTINGISHERS Class D Extinguishing Ratings Variety of factors considered during testing No Numerical rating Class D agents not rated for use on other classes of fire.

28. Class K – Combustible Cooking Oils 28 Class K fuel examples Vegetable or animal fats Oils that burn at high temperatures Locations Private homes Commercial and institutional kitchens Industrial cooking facilities

29. Class K – Combustible Cooking Oils 29 Class K extinguishers

30. Methods Uses To Extinguished Fire 30

31. Extinguishing Agent Characteristics 31

32. Operational Characteristics of Portable Fire Extinguishers 32

33. Operational Characteristics of Portable Fire Extinguishers 33

34. Portable Fire Extinguisher Mechanisms 34

35. Stored-Pressure Water Extinguishers 35 Wet Chemical

36. Clean Agent Extinguishers 36 Cool and smother Class A and B fires Inhibit sustained chemical reaction in Class C fires Nonconductive and can extinguish Class C fires Developed to replace Halons Uses Halogenated agents Effective for fires containing materials that are easily damaged by water or dry chemicals Damaging effect on ozone layer Halotron U.S. EPA approved alternative clean agent Does not harm the ozone

37. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Extinguishers 37 Uses Handheld or wheeled units Most effective for Class B and C fires Function and application

38. Dry Chemical Extinguishers 38

39. Dry Power Extinguishers Class D fires No agent will work for all combustible metals 39

40. PASS application Method 40