Basic structure of computer (1) A computer consists of five functionally independent main parts: input, memory, arithmetic and logic, output, and control units. .pptx

A computer consists of five functionally independent main parts: input, memory, arithmetic and logic, output, and control units

1. BASIC STRUCTURE OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM A computer consists of five functionally independent main parts: Input Unit Output Unit Memory Unit Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) Control Unit (CU) I/O

2. BASIC STRUCTURE OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM • A computer consists of five functionally independent main parts: input, memory, arithmetic and logic, output, and control units. • The input unit accepts coded information from human operators using devices such as keyboards, or from other computers over digital communication lines. • The information received is stored in the computer’s memory, either for later use or to be processed immediately by the arithmetic and logic unit. • The processing steps are specified by a program that is also stored in the memory.

3. • Finally, the results are sent back to the outside world through the output unit. • All of these actions are coordinated by the control unit. • An interconnection network provides the means for the functional units to exchange information and coordinate their actions. • Input and output equipment is often collectively referred to as the input-output (I/O) unit.

4. Summarize the operation of a computer. How does a computer perform a task? The computer accepts information in the forms of data and programs through an input unit and stores it in the memory. Information stored in the memory is fetched, under program control, into and arithmetic and logic unit, where it is processed. Processed data leaves the computer through an output unit. All activities inside the machine are directed by the control unit.

5. Input/output Devices I/O devices are used by the user to communicate with a computer. Input/output, or I/O, refers to the communication between a computer and the outside world, possibly a human, or other information processing system. Inputs are the signals or data received by the system, and outputs are the signals or data sent from it. The term can also be used as part of an action; to "perform I/O" is to perform an input or output operation. For instance, a keyboard or a mouse may be an input device for a computer, while monitors and printers are considered output devices for a computer. Input/output devices are also called peripherals.

6. Input Unit Computer accepts coded information through an input units which read the data. The most well known input devices are keyboard and mouse. Whenever a key in the keyboard is pressed, the corresponding letter or digit is automatically translated into its corresponding binary code and transmitted over a cable to either the memory or the processor.

7. Input devices

8. Input Devices Camera Microphone Light pen Optical mark reader Barcode reader Pointing devices MIDI devices Fingerprint reader Touchpad

9. Output Unit The output unit is the counterpart of the input unit. Its function is to send the processed data to the outside world. The most common of such a device is a printer. It’s possible to produce printers capable of printing as many as 10,000 lines per minute.

10. Output devices

11. Both Input-Output Capable Devices Modems (Modulator and Demodulator Device) Headsets (Headset consists of Speakers and Microphone. Speaker act Output Device and Microphone act as Input device) Facsimile (FAX) (It has scanner to scan the document and also have printer to Print the document) Compact Disk (CD) DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) Network cards