Basics of Fire Safety in buildings .pptx

fire safety, fire science, building safety and use of fire extinguisher and fire safety equipments.

1. Umang Pradhan FIRE OFFICER Municipal Corporation Gwalior Basics of Fire

2. Exothermic Chemical Chain Reaction Products of Combustion are Heat, Light, Smoke and other by products (Ashes etc.) Three factors are dominantly responsible Fuel Air (Oxygen) Temperature FIRE…. ?

3. Essentials of Fire Oxygen Fuel FIRE Heat Approx. 16% Reqd. Normal air contains 21% of oxygen Solid Liquid Gas

4. CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE

5. 6 "Class A fire" Fire involving ordinary combustible materials such as paper, wood, cloth etc.

6. 7 "Class B fire" Fire involving flammable or combustible liquids, greases and similar materials

7. 8 "Class C fire" Fire involving Gases and liquefied gases. LPG, CNG, PNG, LNG, Acetlyene , Propane, Butane etc.

8. 9 "Class D fire" Fire involving combustible metals such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, lithium and potassium.

9. Class K fire** Fire involving cooking oils (fats) , used in commercial kitchens and deep fryers. ** As per International Standard 10

10. Principles of Fire Extinction

11. 12 1. Starvation ……..Removal of fuel

12. 13 2. Smothering ……….Cutting off the supply of O 2

13. 14 3. Cooling ……….Removal of heat

14. 15

15. VIDEO Fire - Fire in Building.mp4

16. WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF FIRE Don’t Panic Stay Calm Call for help..!! Call Emergency Services… 101,100 Alert all possible effected persons. If available and trained use Fire Extinguisher or any fixed fire fighting system available nearby. If the situation doesn’t get in control.. Evacuate YOURSELF & ALL

17. Rules for Fighting Fires Fires can be very dangerous and you should always be certain that you will not endanger yourself or others when attempting to put out a fire. For this reason, when a fire is discovered… Assist any person in immediate danger to safety, if it can be accomplished without risk to yourself. Call 911 or activate the building fire alarm. The fire alarm will notify the fire department and other building occupants and shut off the air handling system to prevent the spread of smoke. If the fire is small (and Only after having done these 2 things), you may attempt to use an extinguisher to put it out. However . . . .

18. Rules for Fighting Fires . . . before deciding to fight the fire, keep these things in mind: Know what is burning. If you don’t know what’s burning, you won’t know what kind of extinguisher to use. Even if you have an ABC fire extinguisher, there may be something in the fire that is going to explode or produce toxic fumes. Chances are you will know what’s burning, or at least have a pretty good idea, but if you don’t, let the fire department handle it.

19. Rules for Fighting Fires . . . before deciding to fight the fire, keep these things in mind: Is the fire spreading rapidly beyond the point where it started? The time to use an extinguisher is at the beginning stages of the fire. If the fire is already spreading quickly, it is best to simply evacuate the building. As you evacuate a building, close doors and windows behind you as you leave. This will help to slow the spread of smoke and fire.

20. Oklahoma State University Environmental Health & Safety Dept. Rules for Fighting Fires Do not fight the fire if: You don’t have adequate or appropriate equipment. If you don’t have the correct type or large enough extinguisher, it is best not to try fighting the fire. You might inhale toxic smoke. When synthetic materials such as the nylon in carpeting or foam padding in a sofa burn, they can produce hydrogen cyanide, acrolein, and ammonia in addition to carbon monoxide. These gases can be fatal in very small amounts. Your instincts tell you not to. If you are uncomfortable with the situation for any reason, just let the fire department do their job.

21. Rules for Fighting Fires The final rule is to always position yourself with an exit or means of escape at your back before you attempt to use an extinguisher to put out a fire. In case the extinguisher malfunctions, or something unexpected happens, you need to be able to get out quickly. You don’t want to become trapped.

22. Phases of Fire Four phases: Ignition / incipient Growth Fully developed Decay

23. Evacuation Formulate Fire management Committee (SFMC) Chairperson/administrator Managers Staff Fire fighting trained staff Formulate School Building Plan (updated) and thus plan evacuation map. Signage boards placed accordingly – Exit, Enter, Emergency Exit

24. Evacuation Awareness Campaign Team Conduct awareness generation activities Pictures, postars Fire Alarming Team alert for safe exit in case of emergency. Regularly monitor and update on potential and during emergency Evacuation team Search and rescue team Fire Fighting team First Aid team Site Safety Team & Transport regulation team

25. NBC 2016 Part 4 Fire And Life Safety Building classification according to occupancy

26. VTS_13_1.VOB

27. 28 Thank You!!! Any Questions….?