Benzoic acid derivatives

chemical class of local anesthetics.
medicinal chemistry
pharmacoglogy

1. Medicinal Chemistry-II Submitted by – Mr. Suyash Jain Department Of Pharmaceutical Sciences Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya , Sagar (M.P.) Brnzoic Acid Derivatives ( A Central University )

2. Local Anaesthetics These agents act locally to abolish the sensory perception over a local area. It is classifed into different classes based on various classes.

3. It is classifed into different classes based on various classes.

4. Benzoic acid derivatives are 1) Cocaine, 2 Hexylcaine , 3) Mepryleaine , 4) Cyclomethycaine , and 5) Piperocaine .

5. Cocaine Cocaine is a benzoyl methylecgonine hydrochioride (a benzoic acid ester). It is an alkaloid and is extracted from the leaves of coca tree ( Erythroxylum coca Uses- It is used for introduction of local (topical) anesthesia in the accessible mucous membranes of the oral, laryngeal and nasal cavities.

6. Mechanism of Action Cocaine produces anaesthetic effect by blocking excitation of nerve endings or by biocking conduction in peripheral nerves. It is achieved by reversibly binding to and inactivating sodium channels. Sodium influx by these channels is required for the depolarization of nerve cell membranes and subsequent propagation of impulses along the course of the nerve. Cocaine is the only local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive properties . It causes anaesthesia due to the blockade of norepinephrine reuptake in the autonomic nervous system. It binds differentially to the dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transport proteins and directly blocks the re-uptake of dopamine , serotonin, and norepinephrine into pre-synaptic neurons. Its effect on dopamine levels is most responsible for the addictive property of cocaine.

7. Hexylcaine Hexylcaine (or cyclaine or osmocaine ) is a short-acting local anaesthetic . It act by blocking the sodium channel conduction. Uses- It is used as a local anaesthetic for surface application, infiltration, or nerve block.

8. Mechanism of Action Hexylcaine blocks the influx of Na ions through voltage gated sodium chanel present in the neuronal cell membrane of peripheral nerves. When the influx of Na+ ions is interrupted, an action potential does not arise and signal conduction is inhibited. The receptor site is situated at the cytoplasmic (inner) portion of the sodium channel.

9. Meprylcaine Meprylcaine (or epirocaine or oracaine ) is a local anaesthetic having stimulant properties. Its structure is related to dimethocaine . Mechanism of Action- Meprylcaine has a relatively potent inhibitory action on the monoamine transporter . It blocks the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine , and serotonin. Uses- It is used as a local anaesthetic for surface application, infiltration, or nerve block

10. Cyclomethycaine Cyclomethycaine is a benzoate ester. It is used as a local anaesthetic for surface application, and infiltration or nerve block

11. Piperocaine Piperocaine is a benzoate ester. It is a local anaesthetic developed in the 1920s. Its hydrochloride salt was used for infiltration and nerve block. It is a white coloured crystalline powder that is soluble in water and chloroform. It is used as a surface anesthesia for eyes, throat, and caudal analgesia.

12. Thank You