Bhamaha The Great Rhetorician Description.pptx

A description of Bhamaha as a rhetorician.

1. Bhamaha Kavyalamkara 1/1/2013 1

2. Alamkara is the source of beauty Two Shabdalamkara - Anuprasa , Yamaka 36 Arthalamkara - (Poetic) Upama , Rupaka , Dipak , Akshep , Arthantaranyasa , Vyatireka , Vibhavana , Utpreksha -08 ( Ukti ) Atishayokti , Vakrokti , Swabhavokti , Samasokti , Paryayokti , Visheshokti , Sahokti - 07 (Rasa) Urjaswi , Preyas , Rasavat , Samahita - 04 (Mixed) Upama-rupak , Upameyopama , Utprekshavayava - 03 Yathasankhya , Shlista , Apahnuti , Virodha , Tulyayogita , Aprastutaprashamsha , Vyajastuti , Nidarshana , Parivrutti , Sasandeha , Ananvaya , Samsrushti , Bhavikatva , Ashihi - 14 1/1/2013 2

3. Three Gunas : Madhurya , Ojas , Prasad. Two Riti : Vaidarbha , Gaudiya Dosha : Grammar-specific, Nyaya -specific, Language-specific Literature can be in Prose or Poetry Language-wise: Sanskrit, Prakrit & Apabhramsha Content-wise: Devadicaritavrutta , Utpadyavastuyukta , Kalashrit vastuyukta , Shashtradharit vastuyukta , Form-wise: Sargabaddha , Abhineyartha , Akhyayika , Katha , Anibaddha . 1/1/2013 3

4. Kavyalamkara , the first book of poetics in true sense in India. Studies the nature and meaning of word/Lg. Bhamaha belonged to the 6 th century. Sabdarthausahitaukavyam Vacamalamkruti Aesthetics of expression/ communication/ construction of discourse. 1) Objectives, causes, characteristics & kinds of poetry 2) gunas 3) alamkara 1/1/2013 4

5. 4) various demerits of poetry (demerits pertaining to meaning, analogy, irrationality, and other kinds of weaknesses) 5) Demerits pertaining to absence of conviction/reason/logic/propriety. 6) Description of correct constructions and use of words He has also discussed the issues of poet, good poem and bad poem, 1/1/2013 5

6. Kavya Prayojana Attainment of four purusharthas Expertise in arts & crafts Happiness Name and fame/success in life Happiness is the central objective of poetry. The causes/reasons/objects/sources of poetry ( pratibha ) The personality of the poet ( nipunata ) Knowledge, on the part of the poet, of grammar, metres, lexicon, meanings, historical stories, worldly matters, logic and arts etc are presupposed. Practice ( abhyasa ) 1/1/2013 6

7. There is no word, idea(philosophy) or employment of art, which can not be found in poetry. No poet can acquire jewels called word without knowing the ocean called grammar. Poetry is the language decorated by various ornaments. Poetry should have the ornaments of both words and their meanings. It is a beautiful use of word and its meanings. Oblique/implied/indirect language is poetry; straight forward/direct/literal language is samacar . 1/1/2013 7

8. Bhamah has been the inspiring force for the schools of riti and vakrokti . Bharata had given four alamkara : anuprasa ( shabdalamkara ) & upama , rupaka & dipak ( arthalankara ) Bhamaha gives two shabdalamkara – ( anuprasa and yamak ) and thirty six arthalamkara . kavya can be in prose or verse and it can be in Sanskrit, prakrit or apabhramsa Three gunas : madhurya , ojas & prasad . 1/1/2013 8

9. madh ur poem is one in which one has sweet to hear and minimum or absence of complex phrases/utterances. Prasadic poem is one, the meaning of which is easily understood by one and all. Ojasyukta poem has ample of complex phases (one should not take these three as the kinds of poems) There are two riti / shaili ( vaidarbha & gaudiya ) Vaidarbha stands for simple, direct, clear, soft, sweet to listen, but having incomplete meaning and without obliqueness. 1/1/2013 9

10. gaudiya is rich with ornaments/figures of speech, urbane, oblique, rational and having propriety of meaning. Theme/content-wise classification of poetry: Containing the stories of gods Imaginative content Art-based content sastra -based content Structure/composition wise classification: Epic (Long compositions) Play Autobiographical narration Biographical narration Free verse (small compositions) 1/1/2013 10