BIO_BIOT_L02_Editable_Presentation.ppt h

Heredity and genetics genes chromosomes diseases syndroms

1. The Process of Genetic Engineering

2. Learning Objectives
Explain how scientists copy the DNA of living organisms.
Explain how recombinant DNA is used.
Describe how transgenic organisms are produced.

3. DNA Analysis
Finding a Gene
•Predict mRNA sequence
•Screen a genetic library to find a match

4. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
1. DNA is heated to
separate strands.
2. The mixture is cooled and
primers bind to the strands.
3. DNA polymerase
adds nucleotides to
strands, producing
two complementary
strands.
4. The process repeats and the
section of DNA is copied again.
Each cycle doubles the amount
of DNA.

5. Rewriting the Genome
Recombinant DNA
is DNA from
different sources
that has been
joined together.

6. Plasmids
ori:
Origin of replication
EcoRI
amp
r

Genetic marker
tet
r
Genetic marker
Small circular
pieces of DNA
Restriction site

7. Plasmid DNA Transformation
Human cell
Bacterial cell
Gene for human
growth hormone
Plasmid
Sticky
ends
EcoRI EcoRI
EcoRI

8. CRISPR and DNA Editing

9. Transgenic Plants

10. Transgenic Animals

11. Cloning
Egg
donor
Nucleus of egg
removed
Cell donor
Donor nucleus
Fused cell
Embryo
Foster
mother
Cloned
lamb