Bioenergy and its types with application.pptx

Bioenergy and its types with application, Types:
Biofuel
- Biodiesel
- Bioethanol
Biogas
Other renewable sources:
Solar energy
Hydropower
Wind power
Bioenergy refers to energy derived from organic materials, also known as biomass, such as plant and animal matter. It is a form of renewable energy that can be produced through various processes like combustion, fermentation, or anaerobic digestion. Bioenergy can be utilized in the form of heat, electricity, or biofuels (like ethanol and biodiesel), and its sources include crops, agricultural waste, wood, and even algae.

There are multiple types of bioenergy production methods:

Direct combustion: Burning biomass to produce heat or electricity.
Anaerobic digestion: Using microorganisms to break down organic material, generating biogas (mainly methane), which can be burned for energy.
Fermentation: Converting biomass into ethanol or other liquid biofuels, commonly used in transportation.
Gasification: Converting biomass into a synthetic gas (syngas) that can be used to generate electricity or produce fuels.
Bioenergy is considered sustainable and carbon-neutral to some extent because the CO2 released when burning biomass is roughly equivalent to the CO2 absorbed by the plants during their growth cycle. However, the overall environmental impact depends on factors like land use, water consumption, and the source of the biomass.

Types of Bioenergy:
Biofuels:

Ethanol: A type of alcohol made from fermenting crops like corn or sugarcane. It’s often blended with gasoline for use in vehicles.
Biodiesel: Produced from vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled greases, biodiesel can be used in diesel engines.
Advanced biofuels (2nd and 3rd generation): These include fuels made from non-food biomass (e.g., agricultural residues, algae) which aim to reduce competition with food production.
Biogas:

Anaerobic digestion: Organic waste (manure, food waste, sewage) is broken down by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen, producing biogas (primarily methane and CO2), which can be used for heating, electricity generation, or vehicle fuel.
Landfill gas: Methane produced naturally as organic matter in landfills decomposes.
Solid Biomass:

Wood and agricultural residues: These materials can be burned directly for heat or electricity.
Pellets: Compressed biomass, usually from wood or agricultural residues, used in residential heating or power generation.
Biochar: A carbon-rich product from biomass pyrolysis (burning biomass in limited oxygen). It’s used in agriculture for improving soil health while sequestering carbon.

Benefits of Bioenergy:
Renewable and Sustainable: As long as biomass is replenished (e.g., crops, forestry), bioenergy can be a continuous energy source.
Carbon-neutral potential: The CO2 absorbed during plant growth can offset emissions when biomass is burned or converted into energy.
Waste reduction: Utilizing agricultural, municipal, and industrial waste for energy reduces landfill use.

1. Bioenergy Yoga V I [email protected]

2. Introduction Bioenergy – An environment friendly renewable energy produced from natural sources, capable of replacing fossil energy. It offers low carbon energy systems, sequestering atmospheric carbon and supports global climate change, environmental, social, economic, and sustainable targets. It includes biomass, biofuels, biopower, bioproducts and the economic and technical systems surrounding the utilization and development of bioenergy. Although it releases carbon into the atmosphere, it is considered less harmful than the burning of fossil fuels. 2

3. Types of Bioenergy Biofuel - Biodiesel - Bioethanol Biogas Other renewable sources: Solar energy Hydropower Wind power 3

4. Biofuel Fuel that is produced over a short time span from biomass, rather than by the very slow natural processes involved in the formation of fossil fuels, such as oils, petroleum, diesel, etc. Biofuel is an inexhaustible, biodegradable fuel manufactured from biomass. It is derived from living things. Examples: Biodiesel, Bioethanol, methanol, butanol, Biogas, Green diesel. It is considered to be pure and the easiest available fuels on earth. It is released by direct combustion of dry matter and convert into a gaseous and liquid fuel. Nowadays, the most common used types of biofuels are bioethanol & biodiesel. 4

5. The process of production of biofuel from plant & animal products can be divided into 3 categories by the sources used; First generation - From edible sugar, starch. Second generation - From non-edible plant materials, such as plant dry matter or woody biomass, or agricultural residues and wastes. Third generation - From algae and microbes. 5 Biofuel

6. Advantages Of Biofuel: Promotes a healthier population. Maintain a cleaner environment. No emission of hazardous gases, such as Carbon monoxide (CO) and Sulphur oxide (SO). Emission of non-toxic materials only, which reduces the risk of cancer and breathing problems in human beings. Friendly to the environment because they reduce the risk of global warming. 6 Disadvantages Of Biofuel: Cost of labour and it requires huge space for storage. More water consumption. Growing biomass for biofuel production increases the demand for agricultural land.

7. A renewable fuel produced by the breakdown of organic matter such as food scraps and animal waste by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen, in a process called anaerobic digestion. Biogas consists mainly of methane and carbon dioxide & small amounts of hydrogen sulphide, siloxanes and some moisture. If biogas is compressed, it can be used as a vehicle fuel. Biogas can be upgraded to natural gas standards called biomethane, this can be used like methane in cooking and heating. It’s also called marsh gas, sewer gas, compost gas and swamp gas in the US. 7 Biogas

8. Advantages Of Biogas: Non-polluting - it burns without smoke so no harmful gas such as CO2, CO, NO2, and SO2 are evolved. Reduces Landfills. Cheaper technology. Generates employment especially in rural areas. Renewable source of energy. Since it is difficult to enhance the efficiency of biogas, it is not economically viable to use biogas on a large scale. 8 Disadvantages Of Biogas: Inefficient on a large scale. Contains impurities Unstable and hazardous

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