Biomes: Temperate Forests and Tropical Seasonal Forest

Bibliography Included.

1. Temperate forests and
tropical seasonal forests
Kassidi and Jack

2. Temperate Forests Tropical Seasonal Forests
Found between the tropical and boreal regions.


Average temperature being 10ºC

Exposed to both warm and cold climates,
temperatures fluctuate significantly

Supports a wide range of plants and wildlife

30-60 inches of rain


Found in many parts of the tropical zone

Ranging from 21°C to 29°C degrees

The 12th largest biome

Supports a huge range of fauna & flora

9–98 inches of rain







Deciduous Forest:
= “fall off”


(Harris, 2017)
(Temperate Deciduous, 2021)
(Bailey, 2019)
(Rainforest, n.d.)

3. Location & map
Temperate Forests
-Between the equator and North and South pole.

-Eastern Northern America, Europe, Eastern China,
Southern Eastern Australia, Japan

Latitude: is an angle ranges from 0º to 90º to the equator.
-Temperate forests are typically found 25º - 40º
latitude
-Near the equator due to the amount of rainfall
and the amount of insolation these areas receive.
Tropical Seasonal Forests
-Southern Mexico, southeastern Africa, central
India, along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru.
Primarily between 10° and 23°N and S latitude

Latitude: 10º to 15º degrees latitude of the equator.
(Biomes Temperate, n.d.)
(F003 Tropical, 2014)

4. Climate
Temperate Forests
Tropical Seasonal Forests
-Distinct 4 seasons

-Average summer temperature: 22ºC
-Average winter temperature: -1º
-Annual average temperature: 10ºC

-Average summer rainfall: 18 inches
-Average winter rainfall: 14 inches
-Annual average rainfall: 30 - 60 inches
-No distinct seasons

-Average summer temperature: 21º+C
-Average winter temperature: 21º+C
-Annual average temperature: 21 - 32ºC

-Average summer rainfall: 60 - 62 inches
-Average winter rainfall: 78 - 80 inches
-Annual average rainfall: 60 - 200 inches
(Meet the Temperate, n.d.)
(Americas Rainforests, n.d.)

5. Productivity
Temperate Forests Tropical Seasonal Forests
Estimated biomass (including aboveground and
under): 190 to 380 metric tons per hectare per
year

Estimated gross primary productivity : 16 to 50
metric tons per hectare per year

Estimated net primary productivity: 10 metric
tons per hectare per year.
➔ Hectare: 10,000 square metres

➔ Values were found in maturer forests


-Moderate
productivity

Estimated biomass (including aboveground and under):
400 to 700 metric metric tons per hectare per year

Estimated gross primary productivity : 2–3 kg m-2 y-1

Estimated net primary productivity: 10 metric tons
per hectare per year.
➔ Hectare: 10,000 square metres

➔ Values were found in maturer forests



(Smith, n.d.)
(Forseth, 2011)

6. Limiting abiotic Factors
Temperate Forests
Tropical Seasonal Forests
Sunlight
-Older and taller trees soak up the sunlight
-Grass and ground plants struggle to absorb enough
sunlight.







Rainfall
-Temperate forests are heavily reliant on rainfall.
-Soil is wet/moist
-Without rainfall for a short period of time, it is easily
affected.
Sunlight
-Tall trees create a dense canopy which limits the
amount of sunlight that reaches the forest floor.

Soil
-The soils tend to be acidic which also limits the types
of plants.









Rainfall
-The time of year when the least amount of water is
available limits the vegetation in that given area
(Zinni, 2018)
(Chinwuba, 2014)
(Pardue, 2018)
(Mori, 2011)

7. Nutrient Cycles
Temperate Forests Tropical Seasonal Forests
B = Biomass

S = Soil

L = Litter
R = Loss by Runoff (water running off land)
Le = Loss by leaching (loss of soluble substances
P = Gain from Precipitation. (water released from
clouds)
W = Gain from weathering (breakdown of rock
minerals)
B = Biomass

S = Soil

L = Litter
R = Loss by Runoff (water running off land)
Le = Loss by leaching (loss of soluble substances
P = Gain from Precipitation. (water released from
clouds)
W = Gain from weathering (breakdown of rock
minerals)
(Ecosystems 3 Nutrient, 2008) (The Nutrient, 2019)

8. Food webs and adaptations
Temperate Forests Tropical Seasonal Forests
(Zamboni, 2018)

9. Anthropogenic
Temperate Forests Tropical Seasonal Forests

Deforestation:
<10% of California, Washington
and Oregon native temperate
rainforest remains.
<3% of Australian Temperate
rainforests remain.
Biodiversity loss
- Hunting and poaching lead to
biodiversity loss.
Pollution
- Contaminates water sources.
- Contributes to ecological
imbalance.
- Pollution in the air contribute
to acidification of rivers and
lakes
(Ewa, n.d.)
(McGuffin, 2017)
Deforestation:
- Logging and slash-and-burn
agriculture have started to show
its effects on the rainforest
ecosystem. It is estimated that
the total area of the planet
covered by tropical rainforests
alone has decreased from 14%
to 6 %
Biodiversity loss
- Hunting and poaching lead to
biodiversity loss.
Climate Change
- Reducing the amount and
availability of habitat.
- Expected to rival land-use
change as the most important
impact on tropical forest
biodiversity.

(Morris, 2010)

10. Bibliography
Americas Rainforests. (n.d.). Rainforests. Retrieved December 8, 2021, from https://rainforests.pwnet.org/4students/index.php
Bailey, R. (2019, August 15). Temperate Forest Ecosystems. TreeHugger. Retrieved December 8, 2021, from https://www.treehugger.com/land-biomes-temperate-forests-373499
Biomes Temperate Forest Read more at: https://www.ducksters.com/science/ecosystems/temperate_forest_biome.php This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission. (n.d.). Ducksters. Retrieved December 8, 2021, from
https://www.ducksters.com/science/ecosystems/temperate_forest_biome.php
Chinwuba. (2014, July 30). Temperate Deciduous Forest. apbiologysses. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from http://apbiologysses.blogspot.com/2014/07/definition-are-conditions-within-biome.html
Ecosystems 3 Nutrient Cycle. (2008, September 18). SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/ecumene/ecosystems-3-nutrient-cycle-presentation
Ewa. (n.d.). Forest deforestation tree concept, logging. Pile of firewood in nude deciduous forest. Envatoelements. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from https://elements.envato.com/forest-deforestation-tree-concept-logging-pile-of--3H7WQWW
F003 Tropical Dry Forest & Woodland Formation. (2014). USGS. Retrieved December 8, 2021, from
https://www1.usgs.gov/csas/nvcs/nvcsGetUnitDetails?elementGlobalId=860270#:~:text=Geographic%20Range%3A%20Tropical%20Dry%20Forest,%C2%B0N%20and%20S%20latitude.
Forseth, I. (2011). Terrestrial Biomes. The nature education. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/terrestrial-biomes-13236757/
Harris, A. (2017, April 24). Forest Ecosystem Classification. Sciencing. Retrieved December 8, 2021, from https://sciencing.com/forest-ecosystem-classification-31825.html
McGuffin, D. (2017, June 21). Limiting Factors of Temperate Forests. Sciencing. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from https://sciencing.com/limiting-factors-of-temperate-forests-13406003.html
Meet the Temperate Deciduous Forest! (n.d.). Temperature Deciduous Forest. Retrieved December 8, 2021, from https://temperatedeciduousforesttcieslin.weebly.com/climate.html
Mori, S. A. (2011, January 5). How Climate Change Impacts the Extent of Tropical Rain Forests. NYBG. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from https://www.nybg.org/blogs/plant-talk/2011/01/science/how-climate-change-impacts-the-extent-of-tropical-rain-forests/
The nutrient cycle in the rainforest. (2019). Internet Geography. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from https://www.internetgeography.net/topics/the-nutrient-cycle-in-the-rainforest/
Pardue, G. (2018, January 23). Tropical Rainforest limiting factors. Prezi. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from https://prezi.com/p/xtu0ayga8oi4/tropical-rainforest-limiting-factors/#:~:text=Sunlight%20is%20one%20of%20the,of%20shade%20will%20grow%20there.
Rainforest. (n.d.). World Biomes. Retrieved December 8, 2021, from http://kids.nceas.ucsb.edu/biomes/rainforest.html
Smith, J. (n.d.). Biological productivity. Britannica. Retrieved December 8, 2021, from https://www.britannica.com/science/temperate-forest/Biological-productivity
Temperate Deciduous Forest. (2021). Earth Observatory. Retrieved December 8, 2021, from https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/biome/biotemperate.php
Zamboni, J. (2018, April 23). Plants & Animals in Deciduous Forests. Sciencing. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from https://sciencing.com/plants-animals-deciduous-forests-7437021.html
Zinni, Y. (2018, April 25). Human Influences on the Temperate Rainforest. Sciencing. Retrieved December 9, 2021, from https://sciencing.com/human-influences-temperate-rainforest-8480768.html