BIORESOURCES OF ASSAM CLASS 12 BIOLOGY.pptx

BIORESOURCES OF ASSAM- CLASS 12 BIOLOGY- NCERT- AHSEC BOARD

1. Dr. Saiful Alom Siddique, M.Sc., Ph.D. BIORESOURCES OF ASSAM CLASS 12 BIOLOGY AHSEC

2. MEDICINAL PLANTS PLANT RESOURCES OF ASSAM

3. Rauvolfia serpentina Indian Snakeroot- Sharpamul Sarpagandha Devil pepper Serpentine wood

4. It is the source of the  phytochemical ,  reserpine , which has been used in the treatment of  systolic   hypertension .

5. Cinchona officinalis Quinine bark, quinine , China bark, cinchona bark, fever tree

6. QUININE``````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` Herbal Properties and Actions MAIN ACTIONS OTHER ACTIONS STANDARD DOSAGE treats malaria relieves pain Bark kills parasites kills bacteria Decoction: 1/2 to 1 cup reduces fever kills fungi 3 times daily regulated heartbeat dries secretions Capsules: 2 g twice daily stimulates digestion calms nerves Tincture: 1-2 ml twice daily kills germs     reduces spasms     kills insects

7. Atropa belladonna belladonna  or  deadly nightshade Belladonna is a poisonous  perennial   herbaceous plant  in the nightshade family  Solanaceae . The foliage and  berries  are extremely  toxic  when ingested, containing  tropane alkaloids .  These toxins include  atropine ,  scopolamine  and  hyoscyamine , which cause  delirium  and  hallucinations ,  and are also used as pharmaceutical  anticholinergics .

8. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS ) Asthma. Whooping cough. Colds. Hay fever. Parkinson's disease. Motion sickness. Arthritis-like pain/ GOUT Nerve problems. Hemorrhoids . Uses & Effectiveness

9. Strychnos nux-vomica Strychnos nux-vomica , the strychnine tree, also known as  nux vomica ,  poison nut , semen strychnos , and  quaker buttons, is a  deciduous   tree  native to  India  and to  southeast Asia . It is a major source of the highly poisonous, intensely bitter  alkaloids   strychnine  and  brucine  derived from the seeds inside the tree's round, green to orange fruit.

10. Uses & Effectiveness CANCER , HEART DISEASE NERVOUS DISORDER PARALYSIS

11. Aconitum ferox Aconitum  also known as aconite, monkshood, wolf's-bane, leopard's bane,  mousebane , women's bane, devil's helmet, queen of poisons, or blue rocket, is a  genus  of over 250  species  of flowering plants belonging to the  family   Ranunculaceae . The roots of  A. ferox  supply the poison called  bikh ,  bish , or  nabee . It contains large quantities of the alkaloid  pseudaconitine , which is a deadly  poison .

12. Uses & Effectiveness TONIC NARCOTIC LEPROSY PARALYSIS TYPHOID RELIEVE PAIN

13. Papaver somniferum Papaver somniferum , commonly known as the opium poppy or  breadseed poppy, afeem  is a species of  flowering plant  in the family  Papaveraceae . Alkaloids produces , mainly opium, thebaine  and  oripavine

14. Uses & Effectiveness Relieve pain Induces sleep Diarrhoea Dysentery Increase digestion Hallucination

15. adhatoda vasica Assamese- Titabahak or Bahak

16. Alkaloid: Vasicine Malabar nut Uses & Effectiveness Respiratory stimulant Uterotonic

17. Azadirachta indica Azadirachta indica , commonly known as  neem ,  nimtree  or Indian lilac, is a tree in the  mahogany  family  Meliaceae .

18. Tooth plaque.   A mild form of gum disease (gingivitis).   Lice. Insect repellent.   Mosquito repellent.   Scaly, itchy skin (psoriasis) Abortion. An eating disorder (anorexia nervosa). Asthma. Birth control. Diabetes. Eye disorders. Fever. Uses & Effectiveness

19. Heart disease. Hemorrhoids . Indigestion (dyspepsia). Infection of the intestines by parasites. Leprosy. Liver disease. Malaria. Nosebleeds. Pain. Wound healing. Uses & Effectiveness

20. Ocimum tenuiflorum Commonly known as holy basil or  tulsi , is an aromatic  perennial  plant in the family  Lamiaceae . Tulsi  (Sanskrit:- Surasa ) has been used in  Ayurveda  and  Siddha  practices for its supposed treatment of diseases.

21. ANTIBACTERIAL ANTIVIRAL ANTIFUNGAL ANTIPROTOZOAL ANTIMALARIAL ANTIHELMINTIC MOSQUITO REPELLENT ANTI-DIARRHOEAL ANTI-OXIDANT ANTI-CATARACT ANTI-CANCEROUS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

22. Andrographis paniculata , commonly known as  creat  or green chiretta and Kalmegh  is an annual  herbaceous  plant in the family  Acanthaceae , native to  India  and  Sri Lanka . Other common names for the plant include  King of Bitter  and  hempedu bumi in Kerala. Andrographis paniculata It has been traditionally been believed to be a treatment for bacterial  infections , treatment for snake and scorpion bite, reduce blood sugar level  and some diseases. Mostly the  leaves  and  roots  were used for such purposes.

23. Bladder cherry Chinese lantern Winter cherry Physalis alkekengi

24. Withania somnifera Ashwagandha Withania somnifera , known commonly as  ashwagandha , Indian ginseng, poison gooseberry is a plant in the  Solanaceae  or nightshade family.

25. Uses & Effectiveness ARTHRITIS ANXIETY BIPOLAR DISORDER OBSESSIVE- COMPULSIVE DISORDER [OCD] INSOMNIA TUMORS TUBERCULOSIS ASTHMA

26. TEA

27. Tea General Scientific name : Camellia sinensis Assam Tea : Camellia sinensis var. assamica USES: People all over the world have been drinking tea for thousands of centuries, and for good reason. Numerous studies have shown that a variety of teas may boost your immune system, fight off inflammation, and even ward off cancer and heart disease.

28. Jute

29. JUTE Botanical Name:  Corchorus olitorius USES: To make sacks and cloth for wrapping bales of cotton. Geo-textiles. Pulp and Paper. Household Products. Non-woven textiles.

30. Timber- wood prepared for use in building and carpentry TIMBER PLANTS IN ASSAM

31. Tectona grandis Teak/ Sagwan / Segun Teak is a tropical  hardwood  tree species in the family  Lamiaceae . It is a large,  deciduous  tree that occurs in mixed hardwood forests. Heartwood is yellowish. It darkens as it ages. Sometimes there are dark patches on it. There is a leather-like scent in newly cut wood. Teak's high oil content, high tensile strength and tight grain make it particularly suitable where weather resistance is desired. It is used in the manufacture of outdoor  furniture  and boat  decks . It is also used for  cutting boards , indoor  flooring ,  countertops  and as a  veneer  for indoor finishings .

32. Shorea robusta Sal Sal tree, is a species of tree in the family  Dipterocarpaceae . Uses Sal is one of the most important sources of  hardwood  timber in India, with hard, coarse-grained wood that is light in colour when freshly cut, but becomes dark brown with exposure. The wood is resinous and durable, and is sought-after for construction, although not well suited to planing and polishing. The wood is especially suitable for constructing frames for doors and windows.

33. Dalbergia sissoo Sissoo plant North Indian rosewood, is a fast-growing, hardy  deciduous   rosewood  tree native to the Indian subcontinent and southern Iran.  D. Sissoo  is a large, crooked tree with long, leathery leaves and whitish or pink flowers. Shisham is the best known economic timber species of the  rosewood  genus sold internationally, but it is also used as fuel wood and for shade and shelter. After  teak , it is the most important cultivated timber tree of Assam, which is the largest producer of shisham timber in India. In  Assam, the tree is planted on roadsides, along canals and as a shade tree for  tea plantations .

34. Lagerstroemia speciosa  (giant Queen's crape,  banabá plant for Philippines, or pride of India is a species of  Lagerstroemia  native to tropical southern  Asia . Lagerstroemia speciosa এজাৰ  Ajar It is grown in  South East Asia ,  India  ,  Bangladesh  and the  Philippines . It is also widely cultivated as an  ornamental plant  in tropical and  subtropical areas . The leaves of the banabá and other parts are used widely in the Philippines,  Taiwan , and  Japan  as a tea preparation. Banabá herb is one of the 69 herbal plants promoted by the Philippine Department of Health (DOH). In Vietnam the plant's young leaves are consumed as vegetables, and its old leaves and mature fruit are used in traditional medicine for reducing glucose in blood. Its mainly used for building house, boat, and cart making. The seeds have narcotic properties

35. A pine is any  conifer  in the  genus   Pinus  of the  family   Pinaceae . Pine tree Pinus sp. Pines are among the most commercially important tree species valued for their timber and  wood pulp  throughout the world. Its mainly used for making windows, cabinet, lead pencil, wooden floor and shuttering material.

36. Gmelina arborea Gomari Hill Teak Gmelina arborea , (in English  beechwood ,  gmelina ,  goomar teak, Kashmir tree, Malay beechwood , white teak,  yamane ), locally known as  gamhar , is a fast-growing deciduous tree in the family  Lamiaceae . Gmelina arborea  timber is reasonably strong for its weight. It is used in construction, furniture, carriages, plywood, matchbox, matchsticks , wooden blocks, carving boats, doors, windows, sports, musical instruments and artificial limbs.

37. Bonsom [Assam Teak] ( Nees ) Nees Phoebe attenuata

38. Dipterocarpus macrocarpus Commonly known as  hollong ,  is a large tree and perhaps the best known species in the genus  Dipterocarpus . Hollong Tree

39. SERI COGENIC RESOURCE OF ASSAM

40. LIFE CYCLE OF ERI SILK MOTH AND CULTURE

41. DISEASES AND PESTS