BIOTECHNOLOGY

A breif explaination on biotechnology

1. DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY NAME : DHANYA .K SUBJECT : ELEMENTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

2. CONTENT Introduction Biotechnology Types of biotechnology Areas of biotechnology Department of biotechnology Biotechnology industries Research and Development in biotechnology Conclusion Reference

3. INTRODUCTION BIOTECHNOLOGY : Biotechnology is a technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products. The application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing of materials by biological agents to provide goods and services. The controlled use of biological agents such as microorganisms or cellular components for beneficial purposes. The use of living components and their components in agriculture, food, and other industry .

4. TYPES OF BIOTECHNOLOGY : Red : Medicine and human health. White : Industrial processes involving microorganisms. Green : process improving agriculture. Blue : marine biotechnology. Yellow : food and nutrition. Grey : environmental biotechnology. Gold : Bioinformatics, computer science. Brown : Biotechnology of dessert and dry regions. Violet : law ,ethics, philosophy. Dark : Bioterrorism, biological welfare .

5. DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) is an Indian government department, under the Ministry of Science and Technology responsible for administering development and commercialization in the field of modern biology and biotechnology in India. It was set up in 1986. The Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (BRAI) is a proposed regulatory body in India for uses of biotechnology products including genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

6.   The institute was first suggested under the Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (BRAI) draft bill prepared by the Department of Biotechnology in 2008. Since then, it has undergone several revisions. Secretary :  Dr. Renu Swarup Founded :  1986 Headquarters :  New Delhi Affiliations :  Ministry of Science and Technology (India) Subsidiary :  Institute For Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine Parent organization :  Ministry of Science and Technology

7. BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY : Adinath bio-labs ltd. Alpa laboratories ltd. Biocon ltd. Camson Bio Technologies Ltd Celestial Biolabs Limited Genesis Ibrc India Ltd Genomic Valley Biotech Ltd Mavens biotech ltd. Panacea biotec ltd. Saamya biotech (India) ltd. Shree Ganesh Biotech (India) Ltd Vivo bio tech ltd.

8. DEVELOPMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY In the 1980s the Government of India considered the need for creating a separate institutional framework to strengthen biology and biotechnology research in the country. Scientific agencies supporting research in modern biology included:   Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Department of Science and Technology, and University Grants Commission. Its priorities were human resource development, creation of infrastructure facilities, and supporting research and development (R&D) in specific areas.

9. RESEARCHES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY Its priorities were human resource development, creation of infrastructure facilities, and supporting research and development in specific areas. The success and impact of the National Biotechnology Board prompted the Government to establish a separate Department of Biotechnology in February 1986. There have been major accomplishments in areas of basic research in agriculture, health, environment, human resource development, industry, safety, and ethical issues. Recombinant DNA technology is the basis for these new developments.

10. Basic research is essential on all aspects of modern biology including development of the tools to identify, isolate, and manipulate the individual genes that govern the specific characters in plants, animals, and microorganisms The creativity of the scientists and the basic curiosity-driven research will be the keys to future success. India led through the work of G.N. Ramachandran, in which he elucidated the triple helical structure of collagen The Ramachandran plot has proven to be fundamental in solving the protein structure. As an increasing number of new genes are discovered, short, unique, expressed sequenced tags segments are used as signatures for gene identification

11. In the identification of new genes, development of new drug delivery systems, diagnostics, recombinant vaccines, computational biology, and many other related areas, considerable success has been achieved. The post Green Revolution era is almost merging with the gene revolution for improving crop productivity and quality. Integrated nutrient management and development of new biofertilisers and bio-pesticides would be important from the view-point of sustainable agriculture, soil fertility, and a clean environment. In India we have achieved the cloning and sequencing of at least six genes, developed regeneration protocols for citrus, coffee, mangrove species, and new types of biofertilisers and bio-pesticide , mycorrhisal fertilizers.

12. Yield of cardamom has increased 40 percent using tissue-cultured plants. Between 1996 and 1998, in just eight countries, the area covered by new genetically improved transgenic plants. While the Green Revolution gave us self-reliance in food, the livestock population has provided a “White Revolution,” with 80 percent of the milk in India coming from small and marginal farms. We have to continuously improve seed production, feed, health products, cryopreservation, genetic studies, and related environmental factors.

13. WHY IS BIOTECHNOLOGY IMPORTANT FOR A COUNTRY LIKE INDIA ? Biotechnology is a powerful enabling technology that can revolutionize agriculture, health care, industrial processing and environmental sustainability. Biotechnology as a business segment for India has the potential of generating revenues to the tune of US$ 5 million and creating one million jobs by 2010 through products and services. Clinical development services can generate in excess of US $ 1billion over this time scale.

14. CONCLUTION So from the presentation we came to know about the basics of biotechnology its definition and types department of biotechnology and about the research and development of biotechnology in India. REFERENCE Dr. U. Satyanarayana author of the book biotechnology.  What is biotechnology? Europabio. Retrieved on March 20, 2013. "History, scope and development of biotechnology"  iopscience.iop.org . Retrieved October 30, 2018.

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