Biotechnology and it's Applications || जैव प्रौद्योगिकी और इसके उपयोग || @irfanullah_mehar (1).pdf

Biotechnology and it's Applications || जैव प्रौद्योगिकी और इसके उपयोग || @irfanullah_mehar (1).pdf

1. Zoology
<br>
Notebook
<br>
IrfanullahMehar
<br>
[email protected]
<br>
Oirfanullah_mehar
<br>
OWorldofWisdom
<br>

2. 66
<br>
Ke
<br>
Arz
Hau
<br>
Biotechnclog
<br>
BiotechnclegySisfa
-
<br>
BistechunolegyFg3
<br>
Jaun
<br>
Fa
<br>
12]oul2025[atuda]
<br>
(Syttaor)
<br>
(KerdEreky)
<br>
,
Botechnogt
<br>
EFB(
EwepeRnFeoleatfen
Bisteckrology)
<br>
99
<br>

3. Bietechndlet
<br>
OldBiotech
nolo
<br>
Biodechnclogt
<br>
Gienetfemakeup
<br>
Ex
–
AIRISrlo))
<br>
MocenBiotecuneg
<br>
Cienefcmake
up
<br>
chargefoz
<br>
Ex-
TestTubeBoaty
<br>
DecihreBabiy
<br>
Trssuecultuhe
<br>
Clonning
<br>
GmoandGim-opa
<br>

4. OldBiotealnology
<br>
Feumenaticn(fsa)
<br>
Ex
<br>
Exej
<br>
(AnaærcbicAeapiretin)
<br>
rFntahion
<br>
Alcuho
<br>

5. (:T )
<br>
LBactenig
<br>
Lactobacilos
<br>
Yeast
<br>
(hlcchal)
<br>
tttttt
<br>

6. Btotechraleg
<br>
Bineiples
Doden
Biolech.
<br>
GenetfeErgimeed"g
<br>
(sigifsssaifis)
<br>
RecombinahtDNn-
fech.
<br>
(sf5,
DNA)
<br>
ONAa
HoctOrganism
<br>
Pso
cess
<br>
Ergheig
<br>
(Chemícal
Ergíneeng)
<br>
centaminationfroe)
<br>

7. NOTE
<br>
FatherGonelfc
Egineing
<br>
GenetícMaterial
<br>
Gane
Aele
<br>
Unt
<br>
Qemmosme
-
<br>
Grenet
<br>
PINA
<br>
hheitanae
<br>
-OvyemaihGbre
<br>
Fumchionalwnitoh
<br>
Chhemat
<br>
PaudBeng
<br>
DNA
<br>

8. hain
<br>
ONA
<br>
eezualRep)sfb
ayy
<br>
VaiatiesS
geyoo
<br>
Gene
<br>
GLenee
makeug
<br>
Clening
<br>
Escolr
<br>
Jslatin
<br>
GeneClonnig
<br>
Etsa
NA,/CisculonNn/plasmid/Vector(aT6o)
<br>
Rep.|
<br>
Et
c)O)
Gonetie
<br>
REV
<br>
desiral
<br>
(Moleculas
Scisso)
<br>

9. Ligase
Eyme
<br>
E.co
<br>
7-DNA
<br>
DNA
<br>
(Recombinat
DNA)
<br>
Tosfoe
inthehert,
<br>
D
<br>
Grenefemsdi}jitadi
on a
SpesialGrene
<br>
Cnene
<br>
lone
<br>

10. yaans-NA
<br>
DNA51
<br>
FivctFosnatien
<br>
oDNA
<br>
Cohen)E2T
<br>
T-DNA
)
<br>
Native
<br>
plasmid
<br>
(
Vactor)
<br>
Salinonella
typhimuoiuy
<br>
Plasmid
<br>
Dng
resistat
<br>
*
DesireoGene
<br>
KAlien
/fForeignGure
<br>
(aifaqrsti)
<br>
Reshictien(ufrsea)
Yrwgme
<br>
Trnstmdinin
<br>
Host
<br>
DrgRecetant
<br>
E
Coli
<br>

11. Fomation1ot-ONA
<br>
PalBeng
<br>
-
Phage
<br>
(Vector)
<br>
Bacteioplage
<br>
(stogi)
<br>
Plasmid
<br>
Host
<br>
SV-40Virus
<br>
Salnonellatyphimsium
<br>
Father
d
GenetfeEyineeing
<br>
ysimianVrue
<br>
E
coli
<br>
DNA
<br>

12. 177777TT!.
<br>
Virus
ICop
=
frrcellita
obligate
Parasite
<br>
Phagineae
<br>
Phylo
phagincng
<br>
Zoo
phagineae
<br>
O
Plat
Gel!
<br>
Cel
Hcst
<br>
Hast
<br>
(Dnteet
plant
Celi)
<br>
(Skeet
Anímal
Cei)
<br>
É-
Bacteoplage
<br>
Ex-
Tmy
,
pmy
<br>
Ex-
Polioyius
<br>
yanophage
<br>
Ty
cophage
<br>
Vinus
<br>
Beuyuna
Bunchy
op
<br>
HIV
<br>
Corna
Vìn
<br>
Phyeophage
<br>

13. Thaunseltion
<br>
-faBacteiophage
RI
3)enetic
mateiad
<br>
(DNA1
RNA)Tast
<br>
Tranaducion
<br>
is(zinde)aaENS
(Ledenbeng)ar(I1952)
<br>
Tools
<br>
DNA manipuetingEnzymes
<br>
Vectox
<br>
Bisleshnolog
<br>
EX
<br>
EG)
<br>
HostCelllOrganfem zûn
asy/A)
<br>
Giene
Libraiy
<br>

14. gs(Buchne)
<br>
Biotechroloa
<br>
cleaving
<br>
E
(Kuhne)(188)
<br>
DN
<br>
Ergme
<br>
aytheizingEge
<br>
JoiningEnzyme(astRH)
o
<br>
Alkaline
phoephataseEnzyme
<br>
DNR
<br>

15. 0LysingEryme
<br>
Cal
(abaU
<br>
Dercve(o)Lysis
,
ycing
<br>
Ex-t)Lyoy
me
(oi)ki)
N35|)Enzgme
<br>
Gran
veBacteia
Cetlasal
<br>
øt
<br>
*yscgme
EnzymexoR
<br>
(m)ChitinaceEnzyme(o3fes)
<br>
(i)
GeliwlaseEnzgmergo)
<br>
PlantCollutals)bak
down
<br>

16. O
cleavingEnzyae
<br>
5'
<br>
ExonuclegSe
<br>
i)
<br>
Dë
Enymes
DNA
<br>
3
<br>
3)
<br>
Exonuclease
<br>
Nucleace
<br>
Endonuclease
<br>
3'
<br>
Nucteage
<br>
Resticton
<br>
Endonuciease
<br>
5)
<br>
3)
<br>
3)
<br>

17. i)
Enclonuclease
-
<br>
(i)
Resthíchion
rolonucleae
<br>
gite
<br>
Endonuelease
<br>
EndenueleoeEme
<br>
Type-I<
<br>
8wits
<br>
Stuctuse
<br>
ATP
<br>
JeDNA
<br>
&ndonueleaae
<br>
ReognizationUnit
<br>
Methyation
Unit
<br>
Ctting
Uuit
<br>
DNA RardunGte
<br>
yR
<br>
Restiction
<br>
Type-I
<br>
Unit
<br>
Shuctee
<br>
-
<br>
290/Reietie
<br>

18. NOTE)
RshichenErlonueleageEnzyme-THpe-II
<br>
RestricHonndonucleaneEne*
<br>
TP
<br>
sfes,
<br>
(maleeulah
Gcissorof
DNA)
<br>
XDNA
<br>
KReshiction
EndonucleseEnzyrae
<br>
postulatedbyArbezin1962,
<br>
KFirst
Daslatealby
<br>
aROR,)
<br>
(940
<br>
Aist
<br>

19. Bactetg
<br>
Restichon
Ersme
9)
<br>
Resthicticn
Ene
<br>
Palindhomic
<br>
the
<br>
Sequenee.
<br>
gue
<br>
foxeignDNA
<br>
Gequenee
<br>
5G
nATTG
3
<br>
3lcTT
ARG
<br>
Qacteoooe
<br>
methylate
<br>
Racteial
<br>
RE
<br>
DNA
<br>
E.co
<br>
Thethgtaie
<br>
aesuence haae.paisthat
eolole
<br>
gite-cMa
<br>
epcie
sequence
<br>
ndbecleusanda,
<br>

20. Non
enclate
<br>
(i)
<br>
(iv)
<br>
(D
GapialLette)
<br>
RE
<br>
t))
BacterigL
<br>
Egme
<br>
RE
<br>
sa3R
Remen
<br>
-PoindenicSnro
<br>
G]AATT
C
<br>
-CT
T
AAlG
<br>
(h
small
Letter)
<br>
EcoRI
Eecheríchia(Geue)
<br>
stieky
Cct
<br>
(stsin)
<br>
coli
<br>
Lotte
<br>
RV13
<br>
(Species)
<br>
(ehrn)
<br>
Onet
wac
keirst
<br>
enymetebe
fsolated
<br>
6vomtheqivenstrain,
<br>

21. HindI
<br>
Haemuphil
<br>
intluenzg
<br>
Rd-strún
<br>
II
SecondErzymeJelatel
<br>
y9)feclate To)J)RE
<br>
(:indIRET)
<br>
PalindsnicSegquence
<br>
GT(fual)(gta
)AC
<br>
T
C
<br>
BlumtCut
<br>
CA
g
)
<br>
(A2lG)
<br>
GTTAAC
<br>
-CAA,TT
OR
<br>
Hind
<br>
-cnhcTG
<br>
glut
Cut
<br>

22. Bludt
<br>
5)
<br>
RE
<br>
-*
<br>
EndsEdqe
<br>
GTT'AAc5l
<br>
CA 5)
<br>
Ex-
HindII
<br>
deDNAVTPal'ndhemicSeqence
<br>
R–8
<br>
-G
<br>
Sticky
Ends
<br>
(Cohesive
Erda)
<br>
GAATTc-
<br>
1-cT
TAT
<br>
Qezuencefon
etfeky
<br>
AATTC
<br>
FcoRT
<br>
G
<br>
REEnzyse-R
Nuclectides
sPallndrnic
<br>

23. 42.:34
AM
<br>
gatheeing
<br>
tNucleoticles
oy0)GR
<br>
Ex
<br>
()
<br>
me
<br>
ti)DNA
Polymehate
Enzme
<br>
DNAPcmease'
teumcinea
by
<br>
(aKefa)
<br>
IKernbeng(RT)
(9s0)
<br>
(ii)
ranPolmenaieEinme
<br>
Eretms
<br>
fmfoy
<br>

24. (i35)ReveseTonscriptase
Enzyme
<br>
59)
<br>
Toining
<br>
Complemey
<br>
5
<br>
RNA
<br>
Enzme
<br>
hyebeyyl
<br>
(-3)Engne
<br>
EX Th-ygaseEnzyme
<br>
Lâsy
<br>
Template
<br>
shashlate
<br>
PtoH
<br>
31
<br>
3)
<br>
P0
H
<br>
Pueephodeste
Bond
<br>

25. AllkainePhesplhatase
<br>
NOTE
<br>
AllkatnePhesphate
ttargygo5R
Plasnic
<br>
5
<br>
5)
End
<br>
grsR
<br>
OH
<br>
31
<br>
plasof
D)
Linens(Ro
)
<br>
Phoeshate
greup
<br>
-o
<br>
H
<br>

26. y
Digrammatic
<br>
(seAe)
<br>
Fvign
DNA
<br>
epesendation
<br>
Sameethicin
enzymecuting
<br>
bothforeign
<br>
DNAand
VectorDNAt
<br>
apecitic
Paint
<br>
Lygasejoin
toreign
<br>
DNAtoplami
<br>
vecombinachtNATel,
<br>
Vector
<br>
DNA
<br>
(Plasnid)
<br>
RecombinantONA
<br>
moleculp,
<br>
lT-DNA
Hest
Cal!
<br>
)
<br>
E.coi(HostCrganfem)[ClomúngHost
)
<br>
Tronatormaut
<br>
JCelDivisis
<br>

27. Recombina
<br>
DNA
<br>
Reaambirt
<br>
frenfarmt
<br>
DNA
<br>
ligase
<br>
Trowsfrmation
<br>
Bactena
<br>
Vactox
<br>
Nem-Recosbjnat
<br>
Non-RecGbínat
<br>
Fosfrman
<br>
NenTsomaformaut
<br>
DNA
<br>

28. Radom
DNA
<br>
fa
<br>
Vector(iEG/Gieg)
<br>
DNA
<br>
ForeignDNAT
Alien
sNA
<br>
PossangerINA
<br>
DosvecD)A
<br>
DNA
<br>
Tomflate
<br>
Aritoal
<br>
ShuttleVector,
<br>
Bacteo
phage
<br>
Ex-
Plasmid,Cosmid,PAasmid,
<br>
-DNA
<br>
hoeanosomalVecor
<br>
Retrovirus,
<br>
KRNATemplate
<br>
RReveE
<br>
Transiptase
<br>
yehfcle
o
DNA
<br>
VehaleDNA)
Ve
cter
EMa)
<br>
Eingne
<br>
YACacteua
<br>
Bnc
<br>
mAC
<br>
ymammalian
<br>

29. /ectos
<br>
Vectur
<br>
IESSantialFeactues-
<br>
2Soleotable
<br>
hADT
T
<br>
aifesoisite)
<br>
makeh
<br>
Dadke
<br>
Selestaslesnadee
<br>
Dial
siteRepicoti
on
<br>
)-cfau|
<br>
9eleotoblehades
<br>
f
<br>
VectostRSeleotably
<br>
Transfemuntd)
Non
<br>
EX-AntibioticResstanae
<br>

30. E.colffoy_
<br>
NGTE
<br>
LacZgene
<br>
Clenningjte
<br>
-Seleotable
<br>
Fecign
<br>
(sie
<br>
site
)
<br>
Clonningsitenzri
) Restrictiog
<br>
site)Recogni
z
adieneite
<br>
Ampicillin(ame)
<br>
9eloctivePonkes
<br>
TahacycUine(tet)
<br>
clnnmingcoRI
<br>
site
<br>
Toba8,
Vato"ifes
lemingeite
<br>
àrf-nfe)Srer
Clenning
<br>
:
R:Reislance)
<br>
Vetor
<br>

31. )Sizel
Vector
<br>
Soune
<br>
-
afPoifieatien
<br>
Vetorfazafozrj
)
<br>
PonposlandtYectoy
<br>
Plasois(tonf3)-
<br>
circula
<br>
Bacteiasfoa
<br>
(Ledebeng)1952
<br>
de
DNA
<br>
PLainGienme
(DNA)
<br>
DNA
<br>

32. Placmid
Repl'eatHog
<br>
pBR392.
<br>
p
<br>
B
<br>
222
<br>
pBR829,
pUC18,puc19,Tiplasmid,
<br>
Tumeinduig
<br>
F-Plasmi
<br>
B
BoUvah
<br>
Fontilitytr
cerpilusformatin
<br>
aieta
(eeivaa
)
<br>
Plasmid
<br>
Rodbziguez(eyy)à
Boyena)
<br>
Plassnflafes
<br>
Rocbiguez
<br>
-
<br>
mesle
culat
Mass
<br>
Orderosolation
(HElO32)Ve0) t
<br>
Size-uB3)
kbp(483)bp)
<br>

33. 14lou|20n85
<br>
EeoRI
<br>
PvuI.
<br>
PstI
<br>
ClaI
<br>
amp
<br>
Cluning
<br>
pBR329
<br>
ori
<br>
Seleotablenalke
<br>
Reslstantgone
<br>
(
nftt)
<br>
fte
<br>
tetR
<br>
pBR322Plasmi
<br>
HindII
<br>
Pvy-J
<br>
BamHI
<br>
SalI
<br>
Anpicilline
<br>
tetrayeli
ne
<br>
Rexistat
gene
<br>
Resieut
<br>
Reajctawutene
<br>
Amp sT
<br>
Bam1
<br>
(anp)
<br>
SalI
<br>
(tet)
<br>
Cteningte selastiklerakees
<br>

34. tatal
Getaatakteftakei
in
Veator
<br>
cleningaite
<br>
pBR329O)
10-160
<br>
aloctfonol
Recmbínant
<br>
Recembinant
nm-gecumbirand
nthe
<br>
bauiso
Reafsloncx
gone
)
selethbleiankee.
<br>
AE
<br>
ufafoftuj
<br>
x
Dosextlonal
Soagtivatien(feroataitor)
<br>
F.
DNA
<br>
aaslon
<br>
DNA(tet)
<br>
DNA
<br>
GAuoetienel
Jorcthvate
<br>
fnet
osnaletyate
<br>

35. geleatableolakes
<br>
pBR322.
<br>
tet
(BasyH)
<br>
NenRecombinat
<br>
Tranafemahn
<br>
pBR322
<br>
Replca
plat
<br>
Fonein
<br>
tRE
<br>
DNA
n
(o)
<br>
+
Ligae
<br>
Eçoi
<br>
AdibistheResistancegone
<br>
Amp,.
Atibitie
<br>
otet.
Anti
bot
<br>
-olasgs
<br>
Religoien
<br>
-Recembinaut
<br>
(gaaiss)
<br>
hangmafica)
<br>
Recombinan
<br>
Transfa
<br>
Non-
Tronagormant
<br>

36. 1pBR322
<br>
15kbdöDNA
<br>
-5
pBR922
Recombinant
o a5Ardfbiotjc.
<br>
GIEJRR
<br>
Replica
<br>
AntibioHe
EJEgf
<br>
)
<br>
Amp.AntibisticyrHET
<br>
tet,
Antibiotlc
<br>
R
<br>
RecmbinanaNo
Recembíhaut
<br>
Nem-
Recumbjnac
<br>
HTENH
<br>
Reombjnaut
<br>
afe
<br>
Repcg
plate
u sTEI
RRecenbihaut
<br>

37. alngshVector
)
<br>
-
pUC
18
<br>
Size
<br>
TEVectos
<br>
pUC18
<br>
D6
pUC18
<br>
500-70o
a
<br>
(Selootatle
glarees)
<br>
R
<br>
ompR
<br>
pBR322
<br>
ekyi) Lac-Zqene
<br>
pUC
8)
<br>
2386bp 2.3%6kbp
<br>
Seloetakle
<br>
i)
AmpictineResetanceane(amp)
<br>
2..4kb
<br>
lacz'
<br>
CoPyno.
<br>
e-glactosjclase.euzyme
)fig
<br>
(
Suloatable
Matke
<br>
lacz'
gone
<br>
EcoRI
<br>
SalI
<br>
-Ba»hI
<br>
raker.
<br>
SmaI
<br>
PstT
<br>
HindII
<br>

38. Placmi
<br>
vC
<br>
Seleotoablematkes
=
lacZgoe5)
<br>
RNAPAlymevate)
<br>
Dnóveutyoalifonia
<br>
Lectose
<br>
GtuctwalGene
<br>
(locZ)
lac
Y
<br>
m-RNA
<br>
Clamafoqonosubsance
<br>
lacA
<br>
Bue
<br>
(.ftn)
<br>
Vahiont
<br>

39. Cmp
<br>
dE
<br>
ierAntibiotic
<br>
Nom-
R
Cembihcud
<br>
frongormant
<br>
Bactenig
<br>
Nosmal
<br>
FreinNA
<br>
R+
<br>
Replice
plateiR
<br>
Ampicilline
<br>
-
<br>
ReaistansesTy
<br>
-Bue
Coleny
<br>
ouo
hiteCeter
<br>
Recombínaut
<br>
Nun-Recmbinasc
<br>
Recombinat
<br>
7ransgormaut
<br>
Anprcilihefntbictc
Laczgubstunoe
<br>

40. NOTE
<br>
Replcaplate
<br>
pucs
<br>
pUce
<br>
Vectem
<br>
plate sasaf
<br>
step
Recombinau
<br>
Nen-
ReceombinantFomfamantt
<br>
-
PlazmiE
<br>
Tplamid
<br>
)
<br>
amp cning
<br>
fay
<br>
ste
<br>
Agrrobacteriwmtunetaciens)Ho
<br>
Te
fo)
<br>
)
<br>
fa
<br>
s
songerma
<br>
rol<yotic
<br>

41. TiPlasmidT
ONA
<br>
Ekayotc(3icot)trey
<br>
8tuctuhE
<br>
di'seoe
<br>
Bokgotes
<br>
Bioteoh,Vecter
<br>
LoftBordes
<br>
Gray BacherdPotein
<br>
Auxin.
<br>
Viulence
<br>
Ti-plaui
<br>
b
<br>
Baoteo
<br>
callTrandfer
<br>
Opine
<br>
Right
Bogclo
<br>
Opine
Catabolisr
<br>

42. honshrmatin
<br>
T-Plasmid
<br>
TDNR
<br>
Ti-Plami)
<br>
DNA
<br>
Bteriab
<br>
()Vinencesíte
<br>
JDNA
<br>
Nucleai
<br>
aite
T-ONA
<br>
plantCel
<br>
plantjenme
<br>
Creangal
<br>
dlgease
<br>
Ekgotie
Get!
<br>
Snteate(6fea)
<br>
s lenceite
G OporineuSà
<br>

43. NOTE
<br>
())T-DNA
–
<br>
TDNASacteialPootein
o)
<br>
Bioteohnleg
<br>
BoxdesOlO
<br>
Plasmid
<br>
plasidLetBosder
Left
<br>
NOTE)
NetnalgoneticErgineeh
plantc-
<br>
F-
Plasmil>
<br>
a1forco)
<br>
Veotus
<br>
bacteig).
<br>
5
<br>
Fextilityplasmfd
<br>
Serfacto
Plesmf
<br>
Bacteig
à Cmuyatedtube(ayof
<br>
(aiy»f
<br>
Caoucngenes
bortormg
<br>
(hollewstuotuhe
feCemnesngtounhes
<br>
axpils(pil)
<br>

44. Plaspíd
Tro
<br>
Bacteug
<br>
Ri-Plasrsi
<br>
m
<br>
sizoenes
<br>
Cngugatintube
<br>
Bacterio@
<br>
Root-indueingplasmf
<br>
3
late
plasmí
Agrobacterium
<br>
S
<br>
hanytdiseae
<br>

45. Replicafiveplasmi
<br>
1111
<br>
Ventor
<br>
ri
te
a hostcot
<br>
eftafro
sopene SN
cleming
<br>
Col-Plas
mid
<br>
Coicin
<br>
Plasmid f
<br>
bacteiocin(anttbacteal
<br>
CoieinProtei
n BacteigHR)Ž]
<br>
Colcins
Baoteua
<br>
Vi
-
plasTnid
<br>
-Viulence
plasmid
<br>
QrEOA,
Memhrane
<br>
aCoSyiulence
site
30
<br>
JEplasmidBaeteig
<br>
Baeteig
<br>
HostCel
<br>
Ex-
Tplasmde
<br>
721
<br>

46. Degradative
Plasmio
<br>
S (
Complexgnfe
compenundli)a
<br>
T
<br>
Bateo
<br>
aig
(Toluene),
<br>
Plasmfd
<br>
CypticPasm
<br>
Plaspiícl
<br>
Baotexía
<br>
Cataboc
Fzymes
<br>
Xaunthine,
<br>

47. ClomirngVeoto
<br>
DesreDNA
<br>
CloningVecto
<br>
pBRg22
<br>
pUCB
<br>
T;-plasmie
<br>
go
<br>
Col)
<br>
(yfrff)
<br>
Hest
<br>
Clone
<br>
Vacterspes
)
<br>
Exproasonal
<br>
Vecto
<br>
Arete'y
<br>
Veclg
<br>
(N
<br>
DNA
<br>
mAN
<br>
Poolen
<br>
DNA
<br>
huttle
Veotor
<br>
pETSeicg1
<br>
Dx
<br>
DVector
<br>
Hast)San
<br>
aNAfianer
<br>
Ex-YEps
<br>
&00)Hosts
<br>
Reptcate
<br>

48. Boclexioplage
<br>
wili
um
<br>
Fealerjek
^Toort
<br>
Col) HostlO
<br>
-0
A-
phage(1ambdaphage)
<br>
d.s.eneat
DNA
<br>
2)m-43Bacteiophagee
<br>
l195)
<br>
rcula
DNA
<br>

49. NOTE
<br>
Bacteieplaqe
<br>
aite)
<br>
*Grencne
-)
<br>
BasicKrianologe
<br>
cossite
(coheaiveend
<br>
Packagng
<br>
Set Heplod
Chomosome
<br>
Genamefaaft
<br>
Geneticraterial(ant
<br>
Nen-coding
sequeneevf
<br>
Genme] geneticintuotion
manual
<br>
ffd
)
<br>
B.2
21<Ebabepat
<br>
(DNn)
<br>

50. Gencm
<br>
HGP
2eneme
seguence
ša
ar
<br>
Drsenticnal
<br>
Veatuy
<br>
Sequonce
<br>
GLencme
<br>
laterna.
<br>
a
<br>
8natenal
<br>
A-
qenome
<br>
speais
goetieinoatiy
<br>
SS)asle
anato
<br>
plugslelbgtdevelepmad
<br>
Replacemeut
<br>
Vectoy
<br>

51. 17
o4)2025
<br>
(Pain)
<br>
i)Dheional
Vector
<br>
<br>
DN
<br>
Bze
<br>
Apt-o
<br>
(it)Roslacemprt
<br>
fecegitin
<br>
DNA
<br>
Vector
<br>
Ex-
<br>
gites
<br>
Snset
DNA
-
<br>
Replace
<br>
AEmeg
<br>
AE
m
BL,
<br>
ADASH
<br>
10-25kb
<br>

52. M-13
Bactexiophage*
<br>
amentos
phage2)
<br>
D
<br>
Chcnla
ONA
<br>
Size
o
Jsot
DNA
-
<br>
Bacteiophage
DNASeuencihgdoT
<br>
Cosyíd(9HE)
<br>
89.)
<br>
Cos(cohesfveendsite
remphaged
oNFn)+Plaanid
<br>
Plamníd+ phage
<br>
Dhset
DNAsike
<br>
Cos-site3NA
<br>
Coseite
or
<br>
Cbsmíc
<br>
35-
40kbp
(Plaume
<br>

53. Plasmíd
<br>
ONA
<br>
HlestU)
<br>
-NA
<br>
y
<br>
plasmfd+n-13Bacteniephage
<br>
ctonnrg
<br>
-
13
Batesiofhage
<br>
phasmid
<br>
Hostt7eJ)
Vectur
<br>
Gaeneibray
<br>
siE)ay)
<br>
25-46kbp
<br>
gonetfeoginaendng
<br>
JR
<br>
DNA
<br>
-DNNTechnotgt
<br>
eneGiray
<br>

54. RocembinauttDNA
<br>
fsolation
ooNA
<br>
ragmeudationothe
Soolated
ONA
<br>
(
<br>
LsResthictícn
Endonucleoce
<br>
Sepaatin
<br>
(afetr
ONA
<br>
Gel~
<br>
Armpfcationo
<br>
(
aifesa
<br>
DNA
<br>
Desines)
oNA
<br>
YrGOj)
<br>
éhelp
<br>
Flecto
phovesis
TeohoR)
<br>
oeaire
ONA
<br>
A
<br>
fekntus
<br>
(fzaRo)r)
<br>
9Ligatien
o
éired
3Nnwith
Vestor
<br>
DNAFB )
<br>
Traufeo
ngctheT
3NRin
competeutHest
<br>
(r-oNAáy
<br>
fz
))
<br>

55. CLtwung
«h
the
-
DNHfn
Hoc
<br>
Ertraeti
on
Obaining
o
the
Arocbuat
<br>
sfa)
<br>
(3T;
<br>
onsfeíg)
<br>
Drolation
o
theDNA
<br>
<ONA
<br>
Enzymes
<br>
BacteialCell
<br>
plantCey
cellulese
Enze
<br>
ogeathe
nzgme
<br>
Fungeell
<br>
RNA-X.,-Ribonucleasp
<br>
PrutenX-Proteaue
<br>
ysoztesy
<br>
ChiinaseAzyme
<br>
Catibugaio
<br>
Childeg
ehendl
<br>

56. Spobng
<br>
Fagmentat'en
oSsolatedl
ONA
<br>
Restfction
Fneluclene
<br>
SsolatedoNA
<br>
&eprion.
<br>
size
<br>
RE.
<br>
Oesfreol
<br>
Chwe
<br>
fDNA
<br>
Frgmnded
<br>
DNA
<br>
ONA
<br>
Jisial
<br>
2,G
GelElecsophoresis
<br>

57. GrelElectrephevesis
<br>
Giel
-Elechopheresís
<br>
ONA
<br>
manlkes
<br>
Wells
<br>
Testh. vTas(Aanoce)
<br>
EleetroplhresisHy
<br>
Gel-
ectrophnesisgl
plate
Rmolecul
<br>
Gelslate
<br>
afze
<br>
DNH
<br>
Anode Plate
<br>
Scumple
<br>
erEKR
<br>
Plate
<br>
PostiveCange
<br>

58. Orauge
cohcus
<br>
DNA
Tbe
<br>
Uhdigeted
<br>
Sumple
<br>
ONA
<br>
makeh
N
<br>
molaoulat
<br>
y0gKehod)
<br>
Guel-
plocte
<br>
Ethidum
brmide
<br>
(E+Br)
<br>
00kbp
<br>
Gookb
<br>
tve
(Anedle)
<br>
sCa
weed
<br>
++++++++
t
<br>
Seluion
<br>
UV.
Ra
<br>
Bater
<br>
Secium
chrafe
<br>
Gel-
leotro
phoresis
<br>

59. 1
<br>
1
<br>
So
<br>
DNA
<br>
fay
<br>
plate
<br>
cole
<br>
Ehdiun
byenicle
<br>
Rays
<br>
Extract(boj )
<br>
Elutlem(1)
<br>
b)
<br>
Rqocegel
<br>
NOTE
Gel
Electsephereais
BaePootein
<br>
ttt
<br>

60. pCR
<br>
Ampifeahion(r)
}oufed.3NA
<br>
(Polymease
<br>
DNA
<br>
PeR
<br>
Polymerase
<br>
Chain-
<br>
ONA
<br>
Redefien
<br>
(i)Thesnmocyclesmachine
<br>
(i)peR
Tube
<br>
Chan
Reacien)
Tech,
<br>
(im)DesmesoNA
<br>
PCR
<br>
ml'
s)
<br>
(993)
<br>

61. (v)
dNTPs(a
duoghucLotfdeiphosphafes)
<br>
(vi)
<br>
Pimesmoleoules
<br>
(vi)Peymease.Eigm (Tagelymeae)
<br>
(i)Man
No.eeleoideg
<br>
(ix)
<br>
BufferSolutien
<br>
ThemalCyclematline
.
djH
<br>
(DenatutationAnnealingExtension)fo
<br>
Erluuin
<br>
(q6fam)
<br>
72
<br>
C
<br>
Denaturetion
<br>
52c
<br>
Anmeaing
<br>
(wgaítog)
<br>

62. Themoecler
maehint
pcRTbes4
<br>
PCR
<br>
Thekmocycbes
Maehi'neoam
<br>
)
Denataation(
fafas281)
<br>
ti)
Amealing(augsio)
<br>
(i)
tenkín
<br>
(i)Denatuati
on-
<br>
bond
<br>
(JHR)
<br>
(ds
DNA)
Teget
oNA
<br>
t
PhosphodiesteBond
<br>
GugarNit.
Bace
<br>
DNA
<br>
lycocidie
<br>
Phosplkodiester
Sugat Phesplate
<br>
Oenaaien
Temg
<br>
92c
<br>

63. i)nneairg>
<br>
(T5)
<br>
Extension(fazaazo)
<br>
a)NTPs
<br>
59
60'(52°c)
<br>
y
^hain
s
<br>
Nucleofales
<br>
TaqPelynehase
<br>
Polymoast
<br>
TaqPalýmezse
<br>
Nlucleotioleg saExenei
on
<br>
Thesmue
<br>
aquatiCw
<br>

64. 5!
<br>
5!
<br>
OR
<br>
DNA
<br>
DesiredDNA
<br>
J
Heat
<br>
3)
<br>
Poimerg
<br>
DNA
<br>
Polyo(TaqRelyo)
<br>
ter
30
<br>
Decsynuelestlals
<br>
31
<br>
31
<br>
Denaturation
<br>
5
<br>
31
<br>
ds
DNA
<br>
Aneabng
<br>
(angab)
<br>
Extanion
<br>
(TR)
<br>
Ampl'f'ed(sií6)
<br>
(~1bilientine)
<br>

65. 90
<br>
B0
<br>
70
<br>
66
<br>
g0
<br>
30
<br>
90
<br>
10
<br>
Pimer
<br>
-anfeu|
<br>
Denatuation
<br>
Pimers
<br>
92°c
<br>
Plgmenase
Eryme
<br>
amealing
<br>
Time
<br>
52°c
<br>
Extetion
<br>
15-25Nucleotols
)DNA2NUC
<br>
Nucleoible
S
<br>

66. PCR
<br>
Enzymes
<br>
ETGa
bzyme Bacteta
<br>
byme
<br>
Ex-TagPlmoaseEnzyme
<br>
L
JE
Themueaquatiausbacte
<br>
DNA
<br>
PfuPolymerase
Eme
<br>
Bactería
<br>
yrococcushuaioauc
<br>
yi
<br>

67. Ligetien
<br>
Deine-
ONA
<br>
besheolONHorh
Vootor
<br>
T-DN7
A
<br>
+
<br>
Vectos
NA
<br>
igaueEyme
<br>
DNA
<br>
(Recombinaut
DNA
<br>
Tsanskeángthex-NAinthe
Hoct
<br>
Host
Coll
<br>
i)Trcunsformahion(2M)/01AR0)
<br>
(ti)
Dircetpenetrautoulay
<br>
otit'eal
Methed.
<br>

68. i)
Tansformatios(OO|/01)
<br>
NosmalBacteaig
<br>
mamDNAplaamid
<br>
TansfomandBaclesig
<br>
fo
<br>
Plasmid
<br>
NormalBacterio
<br>
|Caca
<br>
(ompetentHost
<br>
fo
<br>
CollHost
gr
<br>
Plasmfd
Ba)
y t
<br>
oivelentcatfon(E)@ Ca]IA
<br>
y2°c
<br>

69. ii)DiectGiene
ante
<br>
(a)
mieroijeatiem
<br>
Tafe Psotpdam()
Poteplat
<br>
DNA
<br>
ALtata
<br>
Psllen?ran preinjealohedhad
-
<br>
)Ta)
<br>
aasfe
Kncledge
<br>
Pxotoplasm-
y
CtoplasrnNucleu
<br>
ttt
<br>
BotoplastPrtoplasmt
platmahembxate
<br>

70. (b)GienegunBrolßsties)ethed
<br>
DNA
<br>
(
<br>
(e)
<br>
plountcell
DNA
<br>
Gol
<br>
(c)
macvowectenmetod
<br>
(d)
Lipesomemediated
runae
<br>
Electropovationmethody
<br>

71. Medíun
<br>
Cultuoung
<br>
BicveaotoSS
<br>
cining
<br>
Steam()
<br>
AirSuppy
<br>
CooUng
lnte
<br>
Supply
<br>
IE
Then
al
<br>
acleet
<br>
NormalSiirreal
<br>
tankBioreactor
<br>
Acid/
<br>
Rasesipy
<br>
S-DVA
<br>
6R
<br>
Clomig
<br>
100
<br>
bot
<br>
Lite5àe
<br>
stirer
Motor(faosziex)
<br>
Stie
ahalt(asje)
<br>
pHanolTemprature
<br>
Sensosh)
<br>
hoam
blacles
<br>
(
N)SdJ )
<br>
opellens
(farosgy
<br>
Coolygwafer
olischang
<br>
Cuttwremeclen
<br>
(aterefeyHIEY)
<br>

72. fenmantation
<br>
Batchfomatio
<br>
Nutitien
<br>
statimat
<br>
Log
<br>
S-Shape
<br>
Bioveacter
<br>
medium
<br>
deadl
<br>
Vi+amins
,
<br>
phase
<br>
Ntiefs
<br>
Condiues
Feunecaton
<br>
nedlium
<br>
Baoteg
<br>
J-ghape
<br>
HoctCell
<br>
2alt,
<br>
,
pHHIAHAT
Temp.
<br>

73. Exrgcthen
<br>
the
<br>
Procuct
<br>
ttttt
<br>

74. (e
<br>
sfaAppleadicns
h
Bictechncleg
*
<br>
Clong7ofs)
<br>
GeneticmediiedCrops
<br>
Testtube
<br>
18)o4la03.5(Fi)
<br>
8L.cotton
<br>
Gmo(GenetieModifcdOrgaten)
<br>
Madieine(za
<br>
Madioine
(3)
<br>
temCol
<br>
Deirable
bab
<br>
baby(tRaranó
g)
<br>

75. 19]04)a025
<br>
Ex
<br>
A)Green
<br>
Agielhse)
<br>
(Medicalicld)
<br>
(Drductialsectey)
<br>
(maine
Geeto)
<br>
GyeenBiotech
<br>
(efir))
<br>
RedBiotech,
<br>
(GTIS)
<br>
oite
Bìotech,
<br>
(aàn)
<br>
lueid
teoh.
<br>
fafaj
<br>

76. 6)
OrganicApricultue
<br>
(a1óa,
)
<br>
Agro-chenicalbaed
Pqricuetuie
<br>
tH)Greneficallymadid
(Gon)Gope
<br>
(1)
<br>
NOTE
<br>
GmCrops
<br>
GmCrops
<br>
sg
<br>
Bt.cottn,Bi.inial,
),àg,
<br>
fj
<br>

77. -
<br>
Gimo(GeehcallyladigicdOganisn)
<br>
Giees
<br>
NOTE
<br>
GR]
<br>
(žio)
<br>
BLBingal,GoldenRice.,
<br>
Transqeve
míce(asfa)
<br>
X1996
<br>
Gmoateclening
<br>
Gmo Genehe
<br>
Coll
<br>
mateialjeto
<br>

78. Rezi
()
<br>
Gmo
<br>
(ŠT
<br>
nao],19)
<br>

79. )GoldehRfce
<br>
(gs-jgor)ios
<br>
Tarwgenie
crop
(tesf
<br>
Crop(s
9)|
<br>
:BasicKrcolecle
<br>
Taaneqení
c
<br>
-
Accordingto
mne
<br>
fNCERT
<br>
DaltodilPlat
<br>
Psygene
<br>
Enrích
sauce
oVitamin
<br>
Engch
<br>
CSTTSite
<br>
+gone
<br>
Eroing
usedovog
<br>
Bacteagert)
<br>
Oriz
asativg
<br>
8-canetene
<br>
+4igane
<br>
-n
hindi
<br>
In
<br>
GoleenRice)
<br>

80. Flavr
<br>
)
<br>
Savy Tomato
<br>
ntiaense
tecunoloaySub
f)ST
<br>
Poygalactwonase
<br>
PG
qone
<br>
enyne
<br>
antsense
RNA
O)
<br>
Pa
gone
<br>
E
antisense
RNA PG
gereaexprecion
<br>
ehyme
<br>
RNn;(RNA
îxderfesence)totg
SR)ZAIryme
(Rotoy
<br>

81. 3)Bt
Cotten
<br>
Bt{
<br>
EBaet
(Boeot-Resctand)
<br>
{ e
<br>
Baculus
<br>
BDeLusthuinguaj,
<br>
hwingiensis)Bacte'
<br>
Bso
teinToxin(CyyProtein)
<br>
BtBactuaJ
CsyganeoBJer(ou))
<br>
BtBacteu
5
<br>
b)
<br>
CProtein
<br>
Enclot0xín
<br>

82. CryI
AC
<br>
Bocteíalgene
<br>
B
Cotton
<br>
Brassias
<br>
(i)
BrassícaTiapusPlant
<br>
Hirudin
760)
<br>
Arimalgee
+
Plaut
=
<br>
Tewafoation
<br>
NGTma
<br>
Cotton
<br>
Crystal
<br>
(Sraeot
-Resfstat)
<br>
Leech()
<br>
(Hivudinasia)
<br>
Adicoagulat
<br>
(sfazekes)ata
<br>
lMjEneme
<br>

83. Hirudín
<br>
Eco
<br>
NIF-qne
Traunsformaion
-
<br>
-5NIFNitroqen
Fizing)
gonegaBaoteta
<br>
Nif-ene
<br>
Bassicanapus
<br>
Yeast f
<br>
Ex-RizobiunPzobacte,
Nostoc,Anabaêa
<br>
to
<br>
)Eukayotie
Plant
cell
<br>

84. Nifa-e
<br>
RNA
<br>
RNAi(RNAindejenace)
<br>
(
<br>
ohee
<br>
tranatae
<br>
cmbineud
<br>
PlautCel/
<br>
fa
<br>
alsRNA
<br>
matval
biological
proeess
<br>
triggee
oneeilencg
<br>
T-plaumi
<br>
mRNA.
<br>
qeneaflenci
ngtecuq
ue,
<br>
Poten
<br>

85. 1
<br>
melo
<br>
99
<br>
Dice
<br>
AndhenoFveezCrairg
<br>
aiRNA(&mall
intutingRNH)
<br>
deRNA
<br>
SmallRNA
<br>
JEdsRNA
<br>
sicesRnzyme
<br>
e
<br>
a) (siRNA/mRNA)
<br>
siRNA
<br>
dsANA
thige
<br>
R)sCcem
plex
<br>
(ANAinduceclsilencingcunpolex)*ma
<br>
RISCTaget
rRNA
<br>
therusss
<br>
bq
<br>
aO1)
<br>
ronslaen
c
<br>
cutsds
RNA
<br>
si
RNA bindtoRISC
<br>
m
ANAdegoalaionortrglation
<br>
inhibition
<br>

86. RNAITechuique
TR)EdkatychicCe)
<br>
Draluced
RNA
<br>
Rreakdeen
<br>
Sense
RNA
<br>
Arisense
RNH
<br>
4oith
RrscPoein
<br>
sense
<br>
Ribosom
<br>
Prctein
<br>
Sythests
<br>
dsRNA
<br>
ds
RNA
<br>
mieroevganoan/Nomatade
<br>
RSC
<br>
Sense
ANA
<br>
Food
Uplake
bmero-ojauiem/Nematude
<br>
Prote'ns
<br>
Rapenss
ble
kor
Beteiy
<br>
Syntlesic
<br>
Atisense
RNA
protenré
<br>
Eukatyotfeotl
<br>
RÍSC
<br>
Akasyctie
<br>
defonceastem
<br>

87. 1
<br>
ts5BAe
e
(PestResislafPlad)
<br>
abes
s(Nemalodes
),Paasite
<br>
meleidogneincogitia
<br>
RNAiTechnique
5)
<br>
RNAL RNAinteteruence)Eukayote
<br>
qones
<br>
Callulas
<br>
olsRNAbinds
<br>
Nematoole
s
<br>
Hect
<br>
GHeSNematole
<br>
Arobacteuum
vectors5)
<br>
gense
<br>
defense
<br>
complemelasy
<br>
Hostpet
<br>
Anisnse
ANA
<br>

88. RNAT
<br>
Nematodes
<br>
ntenteen
<br>
plawds
<br>
Nematodes
ay
<br>
Dteotion
<br>
TbOEIRSY
<br>
RV
<br>
motsilegtneinconti
<br>
epecif'e
<br>
Tranagenc
<br>
sensf
<br>
Antisent
AN
<br>
Pasasite
<br>
dojRNA
<br>
m-
ANA
<br>
with
RISc
Pctein
<br>
Host
<br>
spea
f'c
<br>
Pahasite
ax
<br>
Protein
<br>
Protena)
<br>

89. ByY.K.Mishrgsir
<br>
RNA
<br>
AY Plants
<br>
SaG RSEPsoten Andisenge
<br>
Nematod
e
<br>
Nemotoales
<br>
eng
<br>
RNAiTalnique SRI
<br>
modifiaddoRNAG)Ti-Plari
<br>
Rreakclerwn
a
<br>
DateeteoProtein)
<br>
)
<br>
Tobacco
plant
<br>
ProtelnRNA
<br>

90. Redgiotechnolog
<br>
TyounaqenicOrganiso)
<br>
Thnspenic
<br>
gone
<br>
1111
<br>
(aitae)
<br>
Boteclnolog
<br>
DnEnglieh
<br>
NERT
<br>
GenetfeErgineaingTranqoals
<br>
CSTTSìte
<br>
Aecordingtome
<br>
Taonegenfegant
<br>
nganfeme
<br>
nfemeas8a
<br>

91. fasg
<br>
a
Tianugocplant
Tobacco
<br>
Borne
<br>
Eamda
<br>
Bupebug
<br>
<br>
Geneticalytnodific
seudomonas
<br>
putidg
<br>
biodegradle
<br>
Tacnsqenleaíce
<br>
J
<br>
Polioetc.vacckne
<br>
fsg
STRa0-
eatfngbgTacofA
<br>
Pseudlomorae
<br>
putdy
<br>
)
<br>
man'pulatien
<br>

92. NOTE)
<br>
TansgenícCattle(wt )
<br>
Rosie
<br>
Tiougane
<br>
1997H
UK
<br>
Psole'n
<br>
ZA3 2.4Am,d-
lactalbumin
<br>
(Roste)
<br>
Human
Ane
<br>

93. Trantgenie
<br>
Crisis)
<br>
TianaqericPig Humn
<br>
gHS heact,kidrey,
Cves,
<br>
Lungs,Pancreas,skin)
Humane hoaplua
<br>
Dmuntvejachon
<br>
Trnagese
<br>
E
<br>
Vaccime
HRf5uE0 fop
<br>
Hosmone
<br>
warft)
-
<br>
Eg-Supes
mouse
<br>
rewthHomoe
gene
<br>
GiH
(GNth
Hormeme)
<br>

94. NOTE->Fst
trangcndeDorkey
<br>
Cqdry
<br>
ANDE
<br>
Lsspesies
-
Rhesusmenkey
<br>
US.
<br>
(a00o)
<br>
2
<br>
Cow-
Rosue(1994)
<br>
(UK)
<br>
Ly-
acalb
umi
nproeinSFuG
<br>
Frst
ranigenis
cheep-Tracy
<br>
1990
<br>
Scutland
<br>
--
antitrypsin
(DAT)-rnjSy
SEayme
<br>

95. p
<br>
Bastocyet
<br>
-
<br>
(Stem
Cole) y90N0
<br>
Tongone
<br>
HumanmacleLnaulin
<br>
Humulin
<br>
g coll/mateal
<br>
Bacterig
g
s
<br>
8-
Humulin
<br>

96. Diabeteg
<br>
mellitug
<br>
TDDM(DrsulinDependet
<br>
foe
<br>
Funehonoh
Sralngoy
iyeogen
<br>
afagfog Hamsln
<br>

97. Da/04/20as
<br>
BodsIm
FiislEG
<br>
auetue
<br>
Preproinsulfn
<br>
Huma sln
<br>
i
siana!Peptide
<br>
Panore(edr)
<br>
Endloplasmlcetieulumàa)
<br>
ù)B-
Chun
<br>
(i)C-Peptide
<br>
(iv)A-Chojn
<br>
ER)JSj
<br>
Proinsuli'n
<br>
insulbn)
araj
<br>
B-cells
<br>
s'enalPeptide
<br>
Pso-inculfn(ya
<br>
eipnalfaptide
<br>
B-chaun
+
C-Peptidle
+A
-
Chan
=
Posun
<br>

98. C-Peptide
<br>
ERSR
fo
Grolpiappoate
<br>
pooinsulln
<br>
diaulfde
bonds(-s-s-)
<br>
Matwe
<br>
Secret
<br>
inactivehormone
a
<br>
C-
peptfde
<br>
naulin
<br>
Vegsele
<br>
emes
<br>
A
-
Chain(21anino
a
cid
)
<br>
2-
Chen(26
aminoacfd)
<br>
C-peptideftfao
<br>
vesfaleg-°
<br>
Aetive
<br>
inulin
<br>
producfioneat
make
<br>

99. SégnalSeguence
<br>
kepsoinaulin
<br>
ProharmoNe
<br>
DnactiveSrulin
<br>
6R
<br>
Activensulin
<br>
4-Chan
<br>
Romova
<br>
sinal
<br>
seuence
<br>
rs-sy
<br>
SS
<br>
-SS
<br>
A-Chah
<br>
Insut'n
kormainB-cells
<br>
%langohane
oJalels.
<br>
BChuh
<br>
C-Peptile
<br>
Renmeva
<br>
-Peptide
<br>
Chan
80uminoadl
<br>
A-Chauy21amino
Qcic
<br>
Le-peptide-
83
amiheasA
<br>
B-Chuy
<br>
B4crmino
<br>
aid
<br>

100. Brocuet
<br>
insudsn
<br>
p8R'822
<br>
Taanagensas
for
<br>
Drauin
4-cham
<br>
Nucleu
<br>
ChsosoUne
<br>
A-cheun
<br>
pBR322.
<br>
()
<br>
Angub'n
B-Chain
<br>
Vecto
<br>
B
cell
Human
<br>
PenceasE
<br>
A
Chan
<br>
B-
ha
n
<br>
E
col'
Tornsfrtnaut
<br>
8-
Chain
<br>
)
<br>
A-
ChaUn
<br>
Rctire
Dhauln
<br>

101. -afsynsul'n(umulin)
<br>
feeHumangonosne
<br>
8Chaín
<br>
Seolate
<br>
p8R32 Vector
yin)-)
<br>
o
<br>
Hest
Bacteuc
<br>

102. Gene
Thehapy(sfafrabr)
<br>
(mutetgene)
<br>
(Shactivategene)
<br>
(Deleteol8ene)
<br>
Epiphycks
<br>
Bone
<br>
Jb
<br>
(Atectedgen)
<br>
Yolloobornemaso
<br>
Senp
<br>
Theegg
<br>
RedBone
Mabmo0 OBC-Hanylocyte
<br>
T-Lgnghocytt
<br>
RRC
<br>
)ypT
<br>
Monocyte
<br>
loBc
<br>

103. 1990
-R
<br>
Epiphycis
<br>
hene
<br>
Adenosinedeaminase
<br>
T
B
<br>
deamingse(ADA)Enayme
á
<br>
Aclenosine
<br>
ymphote
<br>
TARLmpha
<br>
oyteaa
<br>
SeveueCsmbined
<br>

104. (1)Bone
<br>
Tronalandetfion
<br>
ActiveADA
Enme
<br>
(ByGeneTlhexapA)
<br>
Bone009Uh620
<br>

105. Cloning
(olas)
<br>
"klon
<br>
sty cluning
<br>
Doysheep
<br>
Sanbitmut/zs
TGaHa)
<br>
(1996)
<br>

106. Sottish
Blackface
<br>
Removehe
<br>
the
<br>
toty-5
<br>
Enucleatio
<br>
1994
<br>
Finp-Dorset
<br>
(NoleusDona
<br>
mamrauy
<br>
ematic
Coli)
<br>
G
<br>
seleato
cingl
<br>
Nuclens
<br>
Manay
klell
<br>
Coll
<br>
Tmplavdathiam
<br>
Dolycheep
<br>
*CloneoFinn-Daget
<br>

107. (NluckeusTransfeTechige)sT
(Semat'c
<br>
Nlueleu
<br>
Donos
<br>
(Swbsgate)sat
her
<br>
(9)fy), Sas
Nucles
<br>
Traneplat
<br>

108. 111
<br>
meleculasoiagnesis
fos
Taen)
<br>
PCR
<br>
(Polynease
<br>
ELSP(Eeypeinked
SomunosursbandAsay
<br>
-
<br>
Ohaín
Reacton)
<br>
RDT
= RoccombinantoNA
<br>
DNA
<br>
Scohroleg
<br>
(GenedicEnéeein)
<br>

109. 22l0y/20215
<br>
Audoradierapy
<br>
Technique
<br>
(Raclioactive)holetle
<br>
Grel
<br>
Grs
Hybidizati
ongy)
<br>
DNA
<br>
Probe
<br>
Rel-cleclophoreie
<br>
Plate
<br>
Blosdampe
<br>
Pobe
NH/RNA)
<br>
goeticengneadg
0)
<br>
DNn
<br>
Mem
brne
R
<br>
Recdsoactve
H49rfae
<br>

110. 11
1
<br>
Nitrocelluloce
<br>
Hygone
<br>
Nitrocllalose
<br>
U.V.
<br>
SlcodGampleo
<br>
Patierd()
<br>
DNA
<br>
GelFlecroghentss
<br>
DNn
<br>
Pouch
<br>
DLembrqnew)Probea
<br>
membrane
<br>
Prcbe
DNA/ANA
<br>
Probeloth
<br>
FISeT-Callbse
<br>
Gielplte
<br>
gy.DNA
<br>
D
Sam
<br>
Complementay
<br>
DNA
<br>
(Pesitiveor
<br>
disease
<br>
U.
<br>
Rays
<br>
Hybidi'zatonwjth
<br>
Prbe
<br>

111. NOTE
<br>
ELISAeoe)
<br>
LideodymungsosbandAssat
<br>
Tast
<br>
Ex-ATDS
<br>
ELîsAfest
<br>
ls
gresing
nexoorgansms
<br>
LinkeEnzyme AY
<br>
ELISH RI
<br>
Peroriclase(utoTe)
enzyme
<br>
faz) )
<br>
ntíqonAntitady
<br>
ewAtfbedy
coated'platr
<br>
plate
9
<br>
AntbuelyCoatedoloefeVNBesd
Sumpte.
<br>
Bled
S&umale g04
<br>
o
<br>
fmtyen
<br>

112. EISA
<br>
coatedftibody
à)f
<br>
PeroxidaseenzmeTos
Eibody
<br>
sample
fas
aAvdigen
<br>
substance
<br>
Chaemogenic
sulbkance
<br>
Andhan
<br>
Tast
<br>
8ld
<br>
Enzyine
<br>
(•)
Andigcn
<br>
Aibely
<br>
Antibodycoated
<br>
plate
<br>
Blosc
<br>
Peroxidese
<br>
enzyme
<br>
Claoneguic
<br>
swhstence
<br>

113. Biopafert(ytave)
<br>
i)
<br>
Patent
BiopatentEOA
<br>
ti)
<br>
9
<br>
Patent
Tofoii
<br>
)6)eheme)
<br>
A
<br>
Patent
-
Dq
<br>
Patent)(Un)
<br>
/sruIe)
<br>

114. Biopafent
<br>
ti)DNAGR)
Codedâ)
Potei
n
<br>
(0)DNA
<br>
(m)fs
gS/all
i'nes)ToU
<br>
(iv)
microovganiemshain()
fop
<br>
efotechndo
<br>

115. S.K.SCIENCESCHOOLKUCHAMAN CITY,NAGAUR
<br>
VIGYANGURUKUL
<br>
00
<br>
19111011IIII
<br>
11111111I
<br>

116. KUCHAMAN CITY
<br>
12THBIO100(2023)
<br>
HIOLUUY
<br>

117. Worlde
<br>
Wisdon
<br>
You
Tube
<br>
IRFANULLAH
MEHAR
<br>
-
IRFANULLAH
MEHAR
<br>
37
<br>