Block3__Topic2&3- Framework Principles_AA.pptx

Disaster managament

1. Principles, Frameworks, and Scope in Disaster Management Understanding the Foundations for Effective Disaster Response and Prevention Dr . Abdulhadi Al Ruwaithi Assistant Professor of Disaster Science & Management Umm Al- Qura University

2. Overview of Disaster Management Principles Importance of principles in guiding disaster management practices . Evidence-based practices Consistency and standardization Ethical framework Accountability and transparency How principles inform the creation and application of disaster management frameworks . Designing the framework and plans, policy formulation, operations , training and capacity building, evaluation, and national and international alignment.

3. Major Disaster Management Frameworks The US National Prevention Framework Scope: Focus on preventing imminent terrorist threats through coordinated community and government efforts. Key Components: Core capabilities including public information, operational coordination, and forensics. The National Protection Framework Scope: The US National Protection Framework aims to enhance preparedness, response, and recovery efforts through coordinated actions with international partners and across societal sectors. Key Components: Border security, critical infrastructure protection, cybersecurity, defense against WMD threats, defense of agriculture and food, health security, immigration security, maritime security, protection of key leadership and special events, and transportation security.

4. Major Disaster Management Frameworks The UK Resilience Framework Scope: Enhancing the UK nation's preparedness, response, and recovery from diverse risks and crises, involving all societal sectors. Key Components: Shared risk understanding, prevention and preparation, whole-of-society approach, system strengthening, integration with specific strategies, and commitment to long-term improvements . WHO Strategic Framework for Emergency Preparedness Scope: Global health emergency preparedness and response to various threats including pandemics and natural disasters. Key Components: Risk assessments, resource mobilization, and multi-sectoral coordination .

5. Guiding Principles | The US National Prevention Framework Engaged Partnerships Collaborative efforts among local, state, and federal entities and the community. Example: Integration of community insights and expertise in disaster planning processes . Scalability , Flexibility, and Adaptability Ability of disaster response efforts to scale according to the disaster's magnitude and adapt to various challenges. Example: Dynamic resource allocation during unfolding disaster events . Readiness to Act Preparedness to implement disaster prevention and response strategies effectively. Example: Regular training and exercises to ensure operational readiness.

6. Guiding Principles | T he US National Protection Framework Resilience and Scalability: Emphasizes the ability to prepare for and adapt to changing conditions, withstand disruptions, and recover rapidly. Scalability ensures capabilities can meet varying needs across different scenarios. Risk-informed Culture: Promotes vigilance, situational awareness, and information sharing to make informed decisions based on emerging threats and hazards. Shared Responsibility: Highlights the effectiveness of partnerships and integrated processes across all government and private sectors in achieving a safe and secure nation.

7. Core Principles | The UK Resilience Framework Shared Understanding of Risks: Emphasizes the necessity of a well-rounded understanding of civil contingencies risks, which should underpin all resilience activities . Prevention and Preparation: Stresses the importance of focusing on prevention and preparation across the entire risk cycle, highlighting the cost-effectiveness of these measures over solely crisis response . Whole of Society Approach: Advocates for transparency and empowering all societal sectors to contribute to resilience effort.

8. Principles of Emergency Preparedness (WHO, 2017) [ 1-3] 1. Health and Wellbeing of Communities Priority : Highest priority for emergency preparedness. Focus : Improve individual, community, and national health security. Impact : Contributes to global health security, particularly in high-risk, low-capacity countries. 2. Role of Communities Importance : Communities are crucial for effective emergency management. Participation : Community members are first responders and victims; they should be involved in planning and implementation. 3. Political Commitment and Partnerships Necessity : Sustained political commitment, partnerships, and funding are essential. Coordination : Requires coordination between communities and national/international actors. Partnerships : Involves public-private partnerships, civil society, donors, technical agencies, and operational entities.

9. Principles of Emergency Preparedness (WHO, 2017) [4-6] 4. Investment in Preparedness Cost : Preparedness has a cost but is an investment in health, safety, security, and development. Funding : Sustained funding should be aligned with costed, prioritized measures based on risk and capacity assessments . 5. Health Systems and Preparedness Reinforcement : Health systems and emergency preparedness reinforce each other. Focus : Emphasizes building strong systems and the relationships between them. Resilience : Strong systems are the foundation of preparedness, which in turn builds system resilience . 6. All-Hazards Approach Common Elements : Many preparedness elements are common across all hazards. Incorporation : Plans should incorporate all-hazards preparedness. Specific Measures : Hazard-specific measures should build on and supplement all-hazard plans based on risk assessments.

10. Principles of Emergency Preparedness (WHO, 2017) [7-8 ] 7. Risk Management Approach Underpinning : Risk management underpins assessment, planning, and implementation of emergency management actions. Activities : Includes prevention and mitigation of risks, preparedness activities, coordinated response, and recovery/reconstruction. Emphasis : Continues to emphasize prevention measures to avoid hazards and reduce vulnerability . 8. Whole-of-Society Approach Critical : A whole-of-society approach is critical for emergency preparedness. Interaction : Requires interaction between health systems and other government sectors, the commercial sector, and civil society. Inclusiveness : Involves non-governmental and community organizations in addressing the health dimensions of preparedness.

11. Framework Implementation in Practice Case Study: Application of the National Prevention Framework Real-world example of how the framework guided prevention efforts during a national security threat . Case Study: WHO Framework in Epidemic Response Real-world example of international coordination during the Ebola outbreak.

12. Scope of Disaster Management Efforts Local vs. Global Scope How principles and frameworks are applied at different levels from local community preparedness to international disaster response . Adaptation of Strategies to Scope How strategies differ based on the scope and nature of the disaster.

13. Challenges in Framework Application Identifying Common Challenges Resource limitations, logistical challenges, and coordination complexities . Strategies for Overcoming Challenges Enhancing interagency communication, investing in technology, and strengthening community engagement.

14. What Does Good Look Like in Disaster Management Effective Practices and Principles

15. Introduction Elements of good disaster management practice How could we define good in this context? Is it based on the essence of the actions or on the outcomes? What are the outcomes we want to achieve? What are the outcomes we need to achieve?

16. Ch.ch. of Good Disaster M anagement Guided by well-established principles Proactive Comprehensive risk assessment Pre-planning Coordinated effort All are involved Evidence-based practice Ethical consideration Informed decision Cooperation and mutual agreements Sustainable practices Continuous evaluation and improvement ...

17. Effective Practices in Disaster Management Planning and preparedness: Emphasizing the significance of prevention and preparedness thorough planning and community preparedness . Coordination : Importance of multi-agency and interdisciplinary coordination.

18. Characteristics of Successful Outcomes Reduced impact of disasters: Measurable reductions in loss of life, property damage, and recovery times . Resilient communities: Enhanced capacity of communities to respond and recover from disasters.

19. Highlighting B est P ractices in Some C ase S tudies Case Study 1: [ COVID-19 ] _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Case Study 2: [ Earthquakes mitigation in Japan ] _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

20. Measuring Success in Disaster Management Key Performance Indicators (KPIs): What are they and why are they important? Examples of KPIs used to assess disaster management effectiveness . Ambulance service response time to mass emergencies in a certain community or specific site . Proportion of a community trained in evacuation procedures for fire emergencies.

21. Conclusion Principles importance for frameworks Encouragement for p roactive p articipation Good practice in disaster management Investing in risk reduction and prevention Call to action for continuous improvement and learning Encouragement for participation in ongoing global and local initiatives

22. Measuring Success in Disaster Management ‘More effective prevention strategies would save not only tens of billions of dollars, but save tens of thousands of lives. Funds currently spent on intervention and relief could be devoted to enhancing equitable and sustainable development instead, which would further reduce the risk for war and disaster. Building a culture of prevention is not easy. While the costs of prevention have to be paid in the present, its benefits lie in a distant future. Moreover, the benefits are not tangible; they are the disasters that did NOT happen’ (Kofi Annan 1999). United Nations International Strategy For Disaster Reduction (UN/ISDR) (2006)

23. Q&A

24. References Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA ) (2016).  National Prevention F ramework . Homeland Security. 2 nd edition. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA ) (2016).  National P rotection Framework . Homeland Security. 2 nd edition . The UK Cabinet Office (2022). UK Resilience Framework . Crown United Nations (2006). United Nations International Strategy For Disaster Reduction (UN/ISDR ). https ://www.unisdr.org/preventionweb/files/1356_1356SethDoeVordzorgbedrrinafrica.pdf World Health Organization. (2017). A Strategic F ramework for Emergency P reparedness .

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